The Experts below are selected from a list of 42 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Ryuta Kawashima - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Neurotypology of Sentence Comprehension: Cross-Linguistic Difference in Canonical Word Order Affects Brain Responses during Sentence Comprehension
    The Open Medical Imaging Journal, 2012
    Co-Authors: Yosuke Hashimoto, Satoru Yokoyama, Ryuta Kawashima
    Abstract:

    While a clear variability of canonical word order across languages has been found, such a finding is not reflected in recent neuroimaging studies of language processing. Languages having a canonical word order of Subject- Object-Verb (SOV) in a sentence make up approximately 43% of world languages, while languages having a Subject- Verb-Object (SVO) word order make up approximately 37%. Sufficient attention has not been given to this typological Difference in neuroimaging studies. In this article, we review neuroimaging studies of sentence processing to examine whether the typological Difference of canonical word order in a sentence is represented in brain activation results or not. As a result of this literature survey, an effect from the Difference in canonical word order was found to exist between SVO and SOV languages for brain activation during sentence comprehension. This effect was found mainly in the left inferior and middle frontal gyri, precentral gyrus, supplemental motor area, inferior and middle temporal gyri, temporal pole, hippocampus, and cerebellum. These results imply that a Difference in canonical word order causes a different sentence processing pattern, as well as a different load in the working memory process.

Yosuke Hashimoto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Neurotypology of Sentence Comprehension: Cross-Linguistic Difference in Canonical Word Order Affects Brain Responses during Sentence Comprehension
    The Open Medical Imaging Journal, 2012
    Co-Authors: Yosuke Hashimoto, Satoru Yokoyama, Ryuta Kawashima
    Abstract:

    While a clear variability of canonical word order across languages has been found, such a finding is not reflected in recent neuroimaging studies of language processing. Languages having a canonical word order of Subject- Object-Verb (SOV) in a sentence make up approximately 43% of world languages, while languages having a Subject- Verb-Object (SVO) word order make up approximately 37%. Sufficient attention has not been given to this typological Difference in neuroimaging studies. In this article, we review neuroimaging studies of sentence processing to examine whether the typological Difference of canonical word order in a sentence is represented in brain activation results or not. As a result of this literature survey, an effect from the Difference in canonical word order was found to exist between SVO and SOV languages for brain activation during sentence comprehension. This effect was found mainly in the left inferior and middle frontal gyri, precentral gyrus, supplemental motor area, inferior and middle temporal gyri, temporal pole, hippocampus, and cerebellum. These results imply that a Difference in canonical word order causes a different sentence processing pattern, as well as a different load in the working memory process.

Satoru Yokoyama - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Neurotypology of Sentence Comprehension: Cross-Linguistic Difference in Canonical Word Order Affects Brain Responses during Sentence Comprehension
    The Open Medical Imaging Journal, 2012
    Co-Authors: Yosuke Hashimoto, Satoru Yokoyama, Ryuta Kawashima
    Abstract:

    While a clear variability of canonical word order across languages has been found, such a finding is not reflected in recent neuroimaging studies of language processing. Languages having a canonical word order of Subject- Object-Verb (SOV) in a sentence make up approximately 43% of world languages, while languages having a Subject- Verb-Object (SVO) word order make up approximately 37%. Sufficient attention has not been given to this typological Difference in neuroimaging studies. In this article, we review neuroimaging studies of sentence processing to examine whether the typological Difference of canonical word order in a sentence is represented in brain activation results or not. As a result of this literature survey, an effect from the Difference in canonical word order was found to exist between SVO and SOV languages for brain activation during sentence comprehension. This effect was found mainly in the left inferior and middle frontal gyri, precentral gyrus, supplemental motor area, inferior and middle temporal gyri, temporal pole, hippocampus, and cerebellum. These results imply that a Difference in canonical word order causes a different sentence processing pattern, as well as a different load in the working memory process.

Martina Penke - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • When “One” Can Be “Two”: Cross-Linguistic Differences Affect Children’s Interpretation of the Numeral One
    Journal of Numerical Cognition, 2019
    Co-Authors: Sarah Dolscheid, Franziska Schleussinger, Martina Penke
    Abstract:

    In English, a lexical distinction is drawn between the indefinite determiner “a” and the numeral “one”. English-speaking children also interpret the two terms differently, with an exact, upper bounded interpretation of the numeral “one”, but no upper bounded interpretation of the indefinite determiner “a”. Unlike English, however, German does not draw a distinction between the indefinite determiner and the numeral one but instead uses the same term “ein/e” to express both functions. To find out whether this Cross-Linguistic Difference affects children’s upper bounded interpretation of “ein/e”, we tested German-speaking children and adults in a truth-value-judgment task and compared their performance to English-speaking children. Our results revealed that German-speaking children differed from both English children and German adults. Whereas the majority of German adults interpreted “ein/e” in an upper bounded way (i.e. as exactly one, not two), the majority of German-speaking children favored a non-upper bounded interpretation (thus accepting two as a valid response to “ein/e”). German-speaking children’s proportion of upper bounded responses to “ein/e” was also significantly lower than English children’s upper bounded responses to “one”. However, German children’s rate of upper bounded responses increased once a number-biasing context was provided. These findings suggest that German-speaking children can interpret “ein/e” in an upper bounded way but that they need additional cues in order to do so. When no such cues are present, German-speaking children differ from both German-speaking adults and from their English-speaking peers, demonstrating that Cross-Linguistic Differences can affect the way speakers interpret numbers.

Friedrich Hamm - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Cross-Linguistic Variation in the Processing of Aspect
    Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics, 2014
    Co-Authors: Oliver Bott, Friedrich Hamm
    Abstract:

    The present study investigates the Cross-Linguistic processing of aspect in English and German. Three self-paced reading experiments provide evidence that coercion of a (simple) past accomplishment into an activity reading causes processing difficulty in English (Experiment 1), but not in German (Experiments 2 and 3). We attribute this Cross-Linguistic Difference to immediate aspectual specification in English, whereas we find delayed aspectual specification in German.