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J Chong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • mapping of the oat Crown Rust resistance gene pc39 relative to single nucleotide polymorphism markers
    Plant Disease, 2020
    Co-Authors: J G Menzies, J Chong, Aaron D Beattie, Aida Z Kebede, Jennifer Mitchell Fetch, Jun Zhao, Wubishet A Bekele, Nicholas A Tinker, Yuanying Peng
    Abstract:

    Crown Rust, caused by Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae Eriks. (Pca), is among the most important oat diseases resulting in significant yield losses in many growing regions. A gene-for-gene interaction is well established in this pathosystem and has been exploited by oat breeders to control Crown Rust. Pc39 is a seedling Crown Rust resistance gene that has been widely deployed in North American oat breeding. DNA markers are desired to accurately predict the specific Pc genes present in breeding germplasm. The objectives of the study were as follows: (i) to map Pc39 in two recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations (AC Assiniboia/MN841801 and AC Medallion/MN841801) and (ii) to identify single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for postulation of Pc39 in oat germplasm. Pc39 was mapped to a linkage group consisting of 16 SNP markers, which placed the gene on linkage group Mrg11 (chromosome 1C) of the oat consensus map. Pc39 cosegregated with SNP marker GMI_ES01_c12570_390 in the AC Assiniboia/MN841801 RIL population and was flanked by the SNP markers avgbs_126086.1.41 and GMI_ES15_c276_702, with genetic distances of 1.7 and 0.3 cM, respectively. In the AC Medallion/MN841801 RIL population, similar results were obtained but the genetic distances of the flanking markers were 0.4 and 0.4 cM, respectively. Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR assays were successfully designed for Pc39-linked SNP loci. Two SNP loci defined a haplotype that accurately predicted Pc39 status in a diverse panel of oat germplasm and will be useful for marker-assisted selection in oat breeding.

  • chromosomal location of the Crown Rust resistance gene pc98 in cultivated oat avena sativa l
    Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2020
    Co-Authors: J G Menzies, J Chong, Aaron D Beattie, Aida Z Kebede, Jennifer Mitchell Fetch, Edyta Paczosgrzeda, Jun Zhao, Yuanying Peng, Curt A Mccartney
    Abstract:

    SNP loci linked to the Crown Rust resistance gene Pc98 were identified by linkage analysis and KASP assays were developed for marker-assisted selection in breeding programs. Crown Rust is among the most damaging diseases of oat and is caused by Puccinia coronata var. avenae f. sp. avenae (Urban and Markova) (Pca). Host resistance is the preferred method to prevent Crown Rust epidemics. Pc98 is a race-specific, seedling Crown Rust resistance gene obtained from the wild oat Avena sterilis accession CAV 1979 that is effective at all growth stages of oat. Virulence to Pc98 has been very low in the Pca populations that have been tested. The objectives of this study were to develop SNP markers linked to Pc98 for use in marker-assisted selection and to locate Pc98 on the oat consensus map. The Pc98 gene was mapped using F2:3 populations developed from the crosses Pc98/Bingo and Pc98/Kasztan, where Pc98 is a single-gene line carrying Pc98. Both populations were evaluated in seedling inoculation experiments. Pc98 was mapped relative to Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR SNP markers in both populations, placing Pc98 on the Mrg20 linkage group of the consensus map. Pc98 was bracketed by two SNP markers GMI_ES22_c3052_382_kom399 and GMI_ES14_lrc18344_662_kom398 in the Pc98/Bingo mapping population with genetic distances of 0.9 cM and 0.3 cM, respectively. Pc98 co-segregated with four SNP markers in the Pc98/Kasztan population, and the closest flanking markers were GMI_DS_LB_6017_kom367 and avgbs2_153634.1.59_kom410 with genetic distances of 0.7 cM and 0.3 cM, respectively. Two SNP loci defined a haplotype that accurately predicted Pc98 status in a diverse group of oat germplasm, which will be valuable for marker-assisted selection of Pc98 in breeding of new oat cultivars.

  • mapping oat Crown Rust resistance gene pc45 confirms association with pckm
    G3: Genes Genomes Genetics, 2019
    Co-Authors: Aida Z Kebede, J G Menzies, J Chong, Aaron D Beattie, Jayelle Friesenenns, B N Gnanesh, Jennifer Mitchell Fetch, Edyta Paczosgrzeda, Curt A Mccartney
    Abstract:

    Molecular mapping of Crown Rust resistance genes is important to effectively utilize these genes and improve breeding efficiency through marker-assisted selection. Pc45 is a major race-specific Crown Rust resistance gene initially identified in the wild hexaploid oat Avena sterilis in the early 1970s. This gene was transferred to cultivated oat ( Avena sativa ) and has been used as a differential for identification of Crown Rust races since 1974. Previous research identified an association between virulence to Pc45 and PcKM , a Crown Rust resistance gene in the varieties ‘Kame’ and ‘Morton’. This study was undertaken to reveal the relationship between Pc45 and PcKM . Pc45 was studied in the crosses ‘AC Morgan’/ Pc45 and ‘Kasztan’/ Pc45 , where Pc45 is the differential line carrying Pc45 . F 2 progenies and F 2:3 families of both populations were inoculated with the Crown Rust isolate CR258 (race NTGG) and single gene segregation ratios were observed. SNP markers for PcKM were tested on these populations and linkage maps were generated. In addition, 17 newly developed SNP markers identified from genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) data were mapped in these two populations, plus another three populations segregating for Pc45 or PcKM . Pc45 and PcKM mapped to the same location of Mrg08 (chromosome 12D) of the oat chromosome-anchored consensus map. These results strongly suggest that Pc45 and PcKM are the same resistance gene, but allelism ( i.e. , functionally different alleles of the same gene) or tight linkage ( i.e. , two tightly linked genes) cannot be ruled out based on the present data.

  • genome wide association mapping of Crown Rust resistance in oat elite germplasm
    The Plant Genome, 2017
    Co-Authors: Kathy Esvelt Klos, J Chong, Belayneh A Yimer, Ebrahiem M Babiker, Aaron D Beattie, Michael J Bonman, M L Carson, Stephen A Harrison, Amir M H Ibrahim, Frederic L Kolb
    Abstract:

    Oat Crown Rust, caused by f. sp. , is a major constraint to oat ( L.) production in many parts of the world. In this first comprehensive multienvironment genome-wide association map of oat Crown Rust, we used 2972 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyped on 631 oat lines for association mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL). Seedling reaction to Crown Rust in these lines was assessed as infection type (IT) with each of 10 Crown Rust isolates. Adult plant reaction was assessed in the field in a total of 10 location-years as percentage severity (SV) and as infection reaction (IR) in a 0-to-1 scale. Overall, 29 SNPs on 12 linkage groups were predictive of Crown Rust reaction in at least one experiment at a genome-wide level of statistical significance. The QTL identified here include those in regions previously shown to be linked with seedling resistance genes , , , , , and and also with adult-plant resistance and adaptation-related QTL. In addition, QTL on linkage groups Mrg03, Mrg08, and Mrg23 were identified in regions not previously associated with Crown Rust resistance. Evaluation of marker genotypes in a set of Crown Rust differential lines supported as the identity of . The SNPs with rare alleles associated with lower disease scores may be suitable for use in marker-assisted selection of oat lines for Crown Rust resistance.

  • a major quantitative trait locus conferring adult plant partial resistance to Crown Rust in oat
    BMC Plant Biology, 2014
    Co-Authors: Yang Lin, J G Menzies, J Chong, G Chen, Aaron D Beattie, B N Gnanesh, Jennifer Mitchell Fetch, P E Eckstein, Randy H Kutcher, Eric W Jackson
    Abstract:

    Crown Rust, caused by Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae, is the most important disease of oat worldwide. Adult plant resistance (APR), based upon partial resistance, has proven to be a durable Rust management strategy in other cereal Rust pathosystems. The Crown Rust APR in the oat line MN841801 has been effective for more than 30 years. The genetic basis of this APR was studied under field conditions in three recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations: 1) AC Assiniboia/MN841801, 2) AC Medallion/MN841801, and 3) Makuru/MN841801. The populations were evaluated for Crown Rust resistance with the Crown Rust isolate CR251 (race BRBB) in multiple environments. The 6 K oat and 90 K wheat Illumina Infinium single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays were used for genotyping the AC Assiniboia/MN841801 population. KASP assays were designed for selected SNPs and genotyped on the other two populations. This study reports a high density genetic linkage map constructed with oat and wheat SNP markers in the AC Assiniboia/MN841801 RIL population. Most wheat SNPs were monomorphic in the oat population. However the polymorphic wheat SNPs could be scored accurately and integrated well into the linkage map. A major quantitative trait locus (QTL) on oat chromosome 14D, designated QPc.crc-14D, explained up to 76% of the APR phenotypic variance. This QTL is flanked by two SNP markers, GMI_GBS_90753 and GMI_ES14_c1439_83. QPc.crc-14D was validated in the populations AC Medallion/MN841801 and Makuru/MN841801. We report the first APR QTL in oat with a large and consistent effect. QPc.crc-14D was statistically significant in all environments tested in each of the three oat populations. QPc.crc-14D is a suitable candidate for use in marker-assisted breeding and also an excellent target for map-based cloning. This is also the first study to use the 90 K wheat Infinium SNP array on oat for marker development and comparative mapping. The Infinium SNP array is a useful tool for saturating oat maps with markers. Synteny with wheat suggests that QPc.crc-14D is orthologous with the stripe Rust APR gene Yr16 in wheat.

Martin L Carson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • virulence in oat Crown Rust puccinia coronata f sp avenae in the united states from 2006 through 2009
    Plant Disease, 2011
    Co-Authors: Martin L Carson
    Abstract:

    Abstract The use of race-specific seedling genes for resistance is the primary means of controlling Crown Rust of oat (Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae) in the United States. To better utilize those resistance genes, knowledge of the occurrence and frequency of corresponding virulence in the population of P. coronata f. sp. avenae in the United States is essential. In total, 571 single-pustule isolates of oat Crown Rust were collected from cultivated and wild oat (Avena sativa and A. fatua, respectively) in the major oat production areas of the United States from 2006 through 2009. They were tested for virulence on seedlings of 31 differential oat lines in the greenhouse. In all, 201 races were found among the 357 isolates from the spring oat region of the north-central United States, and 140 races were found among 214 isolates from the southern winter oat region. The Crown Rust populations from the winter and spring oat regions were clearly differentiated from one another, differing in the frequency of vi...

  • broad spectrum resistance to Crown Rust puccinia coronata f sp avenae in accessions of the tetraploid slender oat avena barbata
    Plant Disease, 2009
    Co-Authors: Martin L Carson
    Abstract:

    Carson, M. L. 2009. Broad-spectrum resistance to Crown Rust, Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae, in accessions of the tetraploid slender oat, Avena barbata. Plant Dis. 93:363-366. The use of race-specific seedling genes for resistance has been the primary means of controlling Crown Rust of oat (Puccinia coronata). As resistance genes from hexaploid cultivated oat, Avena sativa and, later, the wild hexaploid animated oat, A. sterilis, were deployed in oat cultivars, corresponding virulence in the Crown Rust population increased rapidly, such that the effective lifespan of a resistant cultivar in the United States is now 5 years or less. Introgression of resistance genes from diploid and tetraploid Avena spp. into hexaploid oat has been difficult due to differences in ploidy levels and the lack of homology of chromosomes between the two species. The wild tetraploid slender oat, A. barbata, has been a source of powdery mildew and stem Rust resistance in cultivated oat but has largely been unexploited for Crown Rust resistance. In total, 359 accessions of A. barbata from the National Small Grains Collection were evaluated in seedling greenhouse tests. Of these accessions, 39% were at least moderately resistant when inoculated with a Crown Rust race with low virulence (DBBC). When tested further with a highly diverse bulk inoculum from the 2006 and 2007 St. Paul buckthorn nursery, 48 accessions (approximately 13%) were resistant. Many of these accessions were heterogeneous in reaction, but two accessions (PI320588 from Israel and PI337893 from Italy) were highly resistant (immune) and two others (PI337886 from Italy and PI367293 from Spain) consistently produced resistant reactions (chlorotic flecks) in all tests. Resistant accessions were found from throughout much of the natural range of A. barbata. Crosses of some of the better accessions have been made to cultivated oat.

  • Crown Rust development and selection for virulence in puccinia coronata f sp avenae in an oat multiline cultivar
    Plant Disease, 2009
    Co-Authors: Martin L Carson
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT Crown Rust, caused by Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae is the most important disease of cultivated oat in North America. Numerous race-specific (Pc) genes for Crown Rust have been found in Avena spp. but this type of resistance has not been durable when used in oat cultivars. Increasing diversity for resistance within a crop by the use of multiline cultivars or varietal mixtures has been proposed as a means of achieving durable resistance to highly variable pathogens such as P. coronata f. sp. avenae. Multiline cv. E77 was evaluated over multiple seasons in the University of Minnesota buckthorn nursery in St. Paul. Buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica, the alternate host of P. coronata) supports a sexually recombining, highly diverse Crown Rust population in the St. Paul nursery. Crown Rust severity on flag leaves was measured multiple times on E77 and its 10 component lines during grain filling. Single-urediniospore isolates taken from Crown Rust samples during early stages of the epidemic and at the en...

  • Crown Rust development and selection for virulence in puccinia coronata f sp avenae in an oat multiline cultivar
    Plant Disease, 2009
    Co-Authors: Martin L Carson
    Abstract:

    Crown Rust, caused by Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae is the most important disease of cultivated oat in North America. Numerous race-specific (Pc) genes for Crown Rust have been found in Avena spp. but this type of resistance has not been durable when used in oat cultivars. Increasing diversity for resistance within a crop by the use of multiline cultivars or varietal mixtures has been proposed as a means of achieving durable resistance to highly variable pathogens such as P. coronata f. sp. avenae. Multiline cv. E77 was evaluated over multiple seasons in the University of Minnesota buckthorn nursery in St. Paul. Buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica, the alternate host of P. coronata) supports a sexually recombining, highly diverse Crown Rust population in the St. Paul nursery. Crown Rust severity on flag leaves was measured multiple times on E77 and its 10 component lines during grain filling. Single-urediniospore isolates taken from Crown Rust samples during early stages of the epidemic and at the end of the epidemic were tested for virulence on the 10 component lines of E77 in greenhouse seedling tests. Crown Rust development was reduced in E77 compared with the weighted mean of the component lines at all stages of the Crown Rust epidemics. The mean virulence of single-urediniospore isolates tended to increase late in the epidemic on E77. These data suggest that multilines may select for complex virulence or "super races" and any resistance effect may not be durable.

  • development and characterization of novel polymorphic microsatellite markers for oat Crown Rust puccinia coronata
    Molecular Ecology Resources, 2008
    Co-Authors: Hattie R Dambroski, Martin L Carson
    Abstract:

    : We report the development of 37 novel and polymorphic microsatellite markers for oat Crown Rust, Puccinia coronata f.sp. avenae. The allelic diversity ranged from two to 16 alleles per locus. Observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.000 to 0.971, and expected heterozygosity from 0.057 to 0.848. Thirteen of the loci were not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, due to either the presence of null alleles, small sample size, or the effects of population subdivision (Wahlund's effect). All 37 primer pairs were tested with P. graminis and P. triticina showing that they are specific to P. coronata.

Aaron D Beattie - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • mapping of the oat Crown Rust resistance gene pc39 relative to single nucleotide polymorphism markers
    Plant Disease, 2020
    Co-Authors: J G Menzies, J Chong, Aaron D Beattie, Aida Z Kebede, Jennifer Mitchell Fetch, Jun Zhao, Wubishet A Bekele, Nicholas A Tinker, Yuanying Peng
    Abstract:

    Crown Rust, caused by Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae Eriks. (Pca), is among the most important oat diseases resulting in significant yield losses in many growing regions. A gene-for-gene interaction is well established in this pathosystem and has been exploited by oat breeders to control Crown Rust. Pc39 is a seedling Crown Rust resistance gene that has been widely deployed in North American oat breeding. DNA markers are desired to accurately predict the specific Pc genes present in breeding germplasm. The objectives of the study were as follows: (i) to map Pc39 in two recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations (AC Assiniboia/MN841801 and AC Medallion/MN841801) and (ii) to identify single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for postulation of Pc39 in oat germplasm. Pc39 was mapped to a linkage group consisting of 16 SNP markers, which placed the gene on linkage group Mrg11 (chromosome 1C) of the oat consensus map. Pc39 cosegregated with SNP marker GMI_ES01_c12570_390 in the AC Assiniboia/MN841801 RIL population and was flanked by the SNP markers avgbs_126086.1.41 and GMI_ES15_c276_702, with genetic distances of 1.7 and 0.3 cM, respectively. In the AC Medallion/MN841801 RIL population, similar results were obtained but the genetic distances of the flanking markers were 0.4 and 0.4 cM, respectively. Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR assays were successfully designed for Pc39-linked SNP loci. Two SNP loci defined a haplotype that accurately predicted Pc39 status in a diverse panel of oat germplasm and will be useful for marker-assisted selection in oat breeding.

  • chromosomal location of the Crown Rust resistance gene pc98 in cultivated oat avena sativa l
    Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2020
    Co-Authors: J G Menzies, J Chong, Aaron D Beattie, Aida Z Kebede, Jennifer Mitchell Fetch, Edyta Paczosgrzeda, Jun Zhao, Yuanying Peng, Curt A Mccartney
    Abstract:

    SNP loci linked to the Crown Rust resistance gene Pc98 were identified by linkage analysis and KASP assays were developed for marker-assisted selection in breeding programs. Crown Rust is among the most damaging diseases of oat and is caused by Puccinia coronata var. avenae f. sp. avenae (Urban and Markova) (Pca). Host resistance is the preferred method to prevent Crown Rust epidemics. Pc98 is a race-specific, seedling Crown Rust resistance gene obtained from the wild oat Avena sterilis accession CAV 1979 that is effective at all growth stages of oat. Virulence to Pc98 has been very low in the Pca populations that have been tested. The objectives of this study were to develop SNP markers linked to Pc98 for use in marker-assisted selection and to locate Pc98 on the oat consensus map. The Pc98 gene was mapped using F2:3 populations developed from the crosses Pc98/Bingo and Pc98/Kasztan, where Pc98 is a single-gene line carrying Pc98. Both populations were evaluated in seedling inoculation experiments. Pc98 was mapped relative to Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR SNP markers in both populations, placing Pc98 on the Mrg20 linkage group of the consensus map. Pc98 was bracketed by two SNP markers GMI_ES22_c3052_382_kom399 and GMI_ES14_lrc18344_662_kom398 in the Pc98/Bingo mapping population with genetic distances of 0.9 cM and 0.3 cM, respectively. Pc98 co-segregated with four SNP markers in the Pc98/Kasztan population, and the closest flanking markers were GMI_DS_LB_6017_kom367 and avgbs2_153634.1.59_kom410 with genetic distances of 0.7 cM and 0.3 cM, respectively. Two SNP loci defined a haplotype that accurately predicted Pc98 status in a diverse group of oat germplasm, which will be valuable for marker-assisted selection of Pc98 in breeding of new oat cultivars.

  • mapping oat Crown Rust resistance gene pc45 confirms association with pckm
    G3: Genes Genomes Genetics, 2019
    Co-Authors: Aida Z Kebede, J G Menzies, J Chong, Aaron D Beattie, Jayelle Friesenenns, B N Gnanesh, Jennifer Mitchell Fetch, Edyta Paczosgrzeda, Curt A Mccartney
    Abstract:

    Molecular mapping of Crown Rust resistance genes is important to effectively utilize these genes and improve breeding efficiency through marker-assisted selection. Pc45 is a major race-specific Crown Rust resistance gene initially identified in the wild hexaploid oat Avena sterilis in the early 1970s. This gene was transferred to cultivated oat ( Avena sativa ) and has been used as a differential for identification of Crown Rust races since 1974. Previous research identified an association between virulence to Pc45 and PcKM , a Crown Rust resistance gene in the varieties ‘Kame’ and ‘Morton’. This study was undertaken to reveal the relationship between Pc45 and PcKM . Pc45 was studied in the crosses ‘AC Morgan’/ Pc45 and ‘Kasztan’/ Pc45 , where Pc45 is the differential line carrying Pc45 . F 2 progenies and F 2:3 families of both populations were inoculated with the Crown Rust isolate CR258 (race NTGG) and single gene segregation ratios were observed. SNP markers for PcKM were tested on these populations and linkage maps were generated. In addition, 17 newly developed SNP markers identified from genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) data were mapped in these two populations, plus another three populations segregating for Pc45 or PcKM . Pc45 and PcKM mapped to the same location of Mrg08 (chromosome 12D) of the oat chromosome-anchored consensus map. These results strongly suggest that Pc45 and PcKM are the same resistance gene, but allelism ( i.e. , functionally different alleles of the same gene) or tight linkage ( i.e. , two tightly linked genes) cannot be ruled out based on the present data.

  • genome wide association mapping of Crown Rust resistance in oat elite germplasm
    The Plant Genome, 2017
    Co-Authors: Kathy Esvelt Klos, J Chong, Belayneh A Yimer, Ebrahiem M Babiker, Aaron D Beattie, Michael J Bonman, M L Carson, Stephen A Harrison, Amir M H Ibrahim, Frederic L Kolb
    Abstract:

    Oat Crown Rust, caused by f. sp. , is a major constraint to oat ( L.) production in many parts of the world. In this first comprehensive multienvironment genome-wide association map of oat Crown Rust, we used 2972 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyped on 631 oat lines for association mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL). Seedling reaction to Crown Rust in these lines was assessed as infection type (IT) with each of 10 Crown Rust isolates. Adult plant reaction was assessed in the field in a total of 10 location-years as percentage severity (SV) and as infection reaction (IR) in a 0-to-1 scale. Overall, 29 SNPs on 12 linkage groups were predictive of Crown Rust reaction in at least one experiment at a genome-wide level of statistical significance. The QTL identified here include those in regions previously shown to be linked with seedling resistance genes , , , , , and and also with adult-plant resistance and adaptation-related QTL. In addition, QTL on linkage groups Mrg03, Mrg08, and Mrg23 were identified in regions not previously associated with Crown Rust resistance. Evaluation of marker genotypes in a set of Crown Rust differential lines supported as the identity of . The SNPs with rare alleles associated with lower disease scores may be suitable for use in marker-assisted selection of oat lines for Crown Rust resistance.

  • genetic analysis and molecular mapping of a seedling Crown Rust resistance gene in oat
    Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2015
    Co-Authors: B N Gnanesh, J G Menzies, Jennifer Mitchell Fetch, Curt A Mccartney, P E Eckstein, Aaron D Beattie
    Abstract:

    Genetic analysis and genome mapping of a major seedling oat Crown Rust resistance gene, designated PcKM, are described. The chromosomal location of the PcKM gene was identified and linked markers were validated. Crown Rust (Puccinia coronata Corda f. sp. avenae Eriks) is the most important foliar disease of oats and can cause considerable yield loss in the absence of appropriate management practices. Utilization of novel resistant genes is the most effective, economic and environmentally sound approach to control the disease. Crown Rust resistance present in the cultivar ‘Morton’ was evaluated in a population developed from the cross OT3019 × ‘Morton’ to elucidate the genetic basis of resistance. Crown Rust reaction evaluated in field nurseries and greenhouse tests demonstrated that resistance provided by ‘Morton’ was controlled by a single gene, temporarily designated as PcKM. The gene was initially linked to a random amplified polymorphic DNA band and subsequently converted into a sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker. Genotyping with the PcKM SCAR on the ‘Kanota’ × ‘Ogle’ population, used to create the first oat chromosome-anchored linkage map, placed the PcKM gene on chromosome 12D. Consensus map markers present in the same region as the PcKM SCAR were tested on the OT3019 × ‘Morton’ population and two additional phenotyped populations segregating for PcKM to identify other markers useful for marker-assisted selection. Three markers were perfectly linked to the PcKM phenotype from which TaqMan and KBioscience competitive allele-specific PCR assays were developed and validated on a set of 25 oat lines. The assays correctly identified PcKM carriers. The markers developed in this study will facilitate fine mapping of the PcKM gene and simplify selection for this Crown Rust resistance.

Curt A Mccartney - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • chromosomal location of the Crown Rust resistance gene pc98 in cultivated oat avena sativa l
    Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2020
    Co-Authors: J G Menzies, J Chong, Aaron D Beattie, Aida Z Kebede, Jennifer Mitchell Fetch, Edyta Paczosgrzeda, Jun Zhao, Yuanying Peng, Curt A Mccartney
    Abstract:

    SNP loci linked to the Crown Rust resistance gene Pc98 were identified by linkage analysis and KASP assays were developed for marker-assisted selection in breeding programs. Crown Rust is among the most damaging diseases of oat and is caused by Puccinia coronata var. avenae f. sp. avenae (Urban and Markova) (Pca). Host resistance is the preferred method to prevent Crown Rust epidemics. Pc98 is a race-specific, seedling Crown Rust resistance gene obtained from the wild oat Avena sterilis accession CAV 1979 that is effective at all growth stages of oat. Virulence to Pc98 has been very low in the Pca populations that have been tested. The objectives of this study were to develop SNP markers linked to Pc98 for use in marker-assisted selection and to locate Pc98 on the oat consensus map. The Pc98 gene was mapped using F2:3 populations developed from the crosses Pc98/Bingo and Pc98/Kasztan, where Pc98 is a single-gene line carrying Pc98. Both populations were evaluated in seedling inoculation experiments. Pc98 was mapped relative to Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR SNP markers in both populations, placing Pc98 on the Mrg20 linkage group of the consensus map. Pc98 was bracketed by two SNP markers GMI_ES22_c3052_382_kom399 and GMI_ES14_lrc18344_662_kom398 in the Pc98/Bingo mapping population with genetic distances of 0.9 cM and 0.3 cM, respectively. Pc98 co-segregated with four SNP markers in the Pc98/Kasztan population, and the closest flanking markers were GMI_DS_LB_6017_kom367 and avgbs2_153634.1.59_kom410 with genetic distances of 0.7 cM and 0.3 cM, respectively. Two SNP loci defined a haplotype that accurately predicted Pc98 status in a diverse group of oat germplasm, which will be valuable for marker-assisted selection of Pc98 in breeding of new oat cultivars.

  • mapping oat Crown Rust resistance gene pc45 confirms association with pckm
    G3: Genes Genomes Genetics, 2019
    Co-Authors: Aida Z Kebede, J G Menzies, J Chong, Aaron D Beattie, Jayelle Friesenenns, B N Gnanesh, Jennifer Mitchell Fetch, Edyta Paczosgrzeda, Curt A Mccartney
    Abstract:

    Molecular mapping of Crown Rust resistance genes is important to effectively utilize these genes and improve breeding efficiency through marker-assisted selection. Pc45 is a major race-specific Crown Rust resistance gene initially identified in the wild hexaploid oat Avena sterilis in the early 1970s. This gene was transferred to cultivated oat ( Avena sativa ) and has been used as a differential for identification of Crown Rust races since 1974. Previous research identified an association between virulence to Pc45 and PcKM , a Crown Rust resistance gene in the varieties ‘Kame’ and ‘Morton’. This study was undertaken to reveal the relationship between Pc45 and PcKM . Pc45 was studied in the crosses ‘AC Morgan’/ Pc45 and ‘Kasztan’/ Pc45 , where Pc45 is the differential line carrying Pc45 . F 2 progenies and F 2:3 families of both populations were inoculated with the Crown Rust isolate CR258 (race NTGG) and single gene segregation ratios were observed. SNP markers for PcKM were tested on these populations and linkage maps were generated. In addition, 17 newly developed SNP markers identified from genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) data were mapped in these two populations, plus another three populations segregating for Pc45 or PcKM . Pc45 and PcKM mapped to the same location of Mrg08 (chromosome 12D) of the oat chromosome-anchored consensus map. These results strongly suggest that Pc45 and PcKM are the same resistance gene, but allelism ( i.e. , functionally different alleles of the same gene) or tight linkage ( i.e. , two tightly linked genes) cannot be ruled out based on the present data.

  • genetic analysis and molecular mapping of a seedling Crown Rust resistance gene in oat
    Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2015
    Co-Authors: B N Gnanesh, J G Menzies, Jennifer Mitchell Fetch, Curt A Mccartney, P E Eckstein, Aaron D Beattie
    Abstract:

    Genetic analysis and genome mapping of a major seedling oat Crown Rust resistance gene, designated PcKM, are described. The chromosomal location of the PcKM gene was identified and linked markers were validated. Crown Rust (Puccinia coronata Corda f. sp. avenae Eriks) is the most important foliar disease of oats and can cause considerable yield loss in the absence of appropriate management practices. Utilization of novel resistant genes is the most effective, economic and environmentally sound approach to control the disease. Crown Rust resistance present in the cultivar ‘Morton’ was evaluated in a population developed from the cross OT3019 × ‘Morton’ to elucidate the genetic basis of resistance. Crown Rust reaction evaluated in field nurseries and greenhouse tests demonstrated that resistance provided by ‘Morton’ was controlled by a single gene, temporarily designated as PcKM. The gene was initially linked to a random amplified polymorphic DNA band and subsequently converted into a sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker. Genotyping with the PcKM SCAR on the ‘Kanota’ × ‘Ogle’ population, used to create the first oat chromosome-anchored linkage map, placed the PcKM gene on chromosome 12D. Consensus map markers present in the same region as the PcKM SCAR were tested on the OT3019 × ‘Morton’ population and two additional phenotyped populations segregating for PcKM to identify other markers useful for marker-assisted selection. Three markers were perfectly linked to the PcKM phenotype from which TaqMan and KBioscience competitive allele-specific PCR assays were developed and validated on a set of 25 oat lines. The assays correctly identified PcKM carriers. The markers developed in this study will facilitate fine mapping of the PcKM gene and simplify selection for this Crown Rust resistance.

  • chromosome location and allele specific pcr markers for marker assisted selection of the oat Crown Rust resistance gene pc91
    Molecular Breeding, 2013
    Co-Authors: B N Gnanesh, J G Menzies, Aaron D Beattie, P E Eckstein, Mitchell J Fetch, Curt A Mccartney
    Abstract:

    Race-specific seedling resistance genes are the primary means of controlling Crown Rust of oat caused by Puccinia coronata Corda f. sp. avenae Eriks in Canada. Pc91 is a seedling Crown Rust resistance gene that is highly effective against the current Crown Rust population in North America. A number of race-specific resistance genes have been mapped and markers that are closely linked to them have been identified. However, the use of these markers in oat breeding has been limited by the economics of marker-assisted selection (MAS). A crucial step in the successful application of MAS in breeding programs is the development of inexpensive and easy-to-use molecular markers. The primary objective of this study was to develop co-dominant KBioscience competitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers linked to Pc91 for deployment in high-throughput MAS in oat breeding programs. The allele-specific marker showed consistent diagnostic polymorphism between the selected 16 North American oat breeding lines. The developed co-dominant marker was also validated on three F2 populations (AC Morgan × Stainless; SW Betania × Stainless; AC Morgan × CDC Morrison) and one recombinant inbred line population (CDC Sol-Fi × HiFi) segregating for Pc91 using KASP genotyping technology. We recommend the simple, low-cost marker as a powerful tool for pyramiding Pc91 with other effective Crown Rust resistance loci into a single line. The mapping results indicate that Crown Rust resistance gene Pc91 resides on the translocated oat chromosome 7C-17A.

  • mapping of the oat Crown Rust resistance gene pc91
    Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2011
    Co-Authors: Curt A Mccartney, Aaron D Beattie, Robert Stonehouse, B G Rossnagel, P E Eckstein, G J Scoles, T Zatorski, J Chong
    Abstract:

    Crown Rust is an important disease of oat caused by Puccinia coronata Corda f. sp. avenae Eriks. Crown Rust is efficiently and effectively managed through the development of resistant oat varieties. Pc91 is a seedling Crown Rust resistance gene that is highly effective against the current P. coronata population in North America. The primary objective of this study was to develop DNA markers linked to Pc91 for purposes of marker-assisted selection in oat breeding programs. The Pc91 locus was mapped using a population of F7-derived recombinant inbred lines developed from the cross ‘CDC Sol-Fi’/‘HiFi’ made at the Crop Development Centre, University of Saskatchewan. The population was evaluated for reaction to P. coronata in field nurseries in 2008 and 2009. Pc91 mapped to a linkage group consisting of 44 Diversity Array Technology (DArT) markers. DArTs were successfully converted to sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers. Five robust SCARs were developed from three non-redundant DArTs that co-segregated with Pc91. SCAR markers were developed for different assay systems, such that SCARs are available for agarose gel electrophoresis, capillary electrophoresis, and Taqman single nucleotide polymorphism detection. The SCAR markers accurately postulated the Pc91 status of 23 North American oat breeding lines.

J G Menzies - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • mapping of the oat Crown Rust resistance gene pc39 relative to single nucleotide polymorphism markers
    Plant Disease, 2020
    Co-Authors: J G Menzies, J Chong, Aaron D Beattie, Aida Z Kebede, Jennifer Mitchell Fetch, Jun Zhao, Wubishet A Bekele, Nicholas A Tinker, Yuanying Peng
    Abstract:

    Crown Rust, caused by Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae Eriks. (Pca), is among the most important oat diseases resulting in significant yield losses in many growing regions. A gene-for-gene interaction is well established in this pathosystem and has been exploited by oat breeders to control Crown Rust. Pc39 is a seedling Crown Rust resistance gene that has been widely deployed in North American oat breeding. DNA markers are desired to accurately predict the specific Pc genes present in breeding germplasm. The objectives of the study were as follows: (i) to map Pc39 in two recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations (AC Assiniboia/MN841801 and AC Medallion/MN841801) and (ii) to identify single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for postulation of Pc39 in oat germplasm. Pc39 was mapped to a linkage group consisting of 16 SNP markers, which placed the gene on linkage group Mrg11 (chromosome 1C) of the oat consensus map. Pc39 cosegregated with SNP marker GMI_ES01_c12570_390 in the AC Assiniboia/MN841801 RIL population and was flanked by the SNP markers avgbs_126086.1.41 and GMI_ES15_c276_702, with genetic distances of 1.7 and 0.3 cM, respectively. In the AC Medallion/MN841801 RIL population, similar results were obtained but the genetic distances of the flanking markers were 0.4 and 0.4 cM, respectively. Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR assays were successfully designed for Pc39-linked SNP loci. Two SNP loci defined a haplotype that accurately predicted Pc39 status in a diverse panel of oat germplasm and will be useful for marker-assisted selection in oat breeding.

  • chromosomal location of the Crown Rust resistance gene pc98 in cultivated oat avena sativa l
    Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2020
    Co-Authors: J G Menzies, J Chong, Aaron D Beattie, Aida Z Kebede, Jennifer Mitchell Fetch, Edyta Paczosgrzeda, Jun Zhao, Yuanying Peng, Curt A Mccartney
    Abstract:

    SNP loci linked to the Crown Rust resistance gene Pc98 were identified by linkage analysis and KASP assays were developed for marker-assisted selection in breeding programs. Crown Rust is among the most damaging diseases of oat and is caused by Puccinia coronata var. avenae f. sp. avenae (Urban and Markova) (Pca). Host resistance is the preferred method to prevent Crown Rust epidemics. Pc98 is a race-specific, seedling Crown Rust resistance gene obtained from the wild oat Avena sterilis accession CAV 1979 that is effective at all growth stages of oat. Virulence to Pc98 has been very low in the Pca populations that have been tested. The objectives of this study were to develop SNP markers linked to Pc98 for use in marker-assisted selection and to locate Pc98 on the oat consensus map. The Pc98 gene was mapped using F2:3 populations developed from the crosses Pc98/Bingo and Pc98/Kasztan, where Pc98 is a single-gene line carrying Pc98. Both populations were evaluated in seedling inoculation experiments. Pc98 was mapped relative to Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR SNP markers in both populations, placing Pc98 on the Mrg20 linkage group of the consensus map. Pc98 was bracketed by two SNP markers GMI_ES22_c3052_382_kom399 and GMI_ES14_lrc18344_662_kom398 in the Pc98/Bingo mapping population with genetic distances of 0.9 cM and 0.3 cM, respectively. Pc98 co-segregated with four SNP markers in the Pc98/Kasztan population, and the closest flanking markers were GMI_DS_LB_6017_kom367 and avgbs2_153634.1.59_kom410 with genetic distances of 0.7 cM and 0.3 cM, respectively. Two SNP loci defined a haplotype that accurately predicted Pc98 status in a diverse group of oat germplasm, which will be valuable for marker-assisted selection of Pc98 in breeding of new oat cultivars.

  • virulence of puccinia coronata var avenae f sp avenae oat Crown Rust in canada during 2010 to 2015
    Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology-revue Canadienne De Phytopathologie, 2019
    Co-Authors: J G Menzies, Janet Gruenke, Rebecca Dueck, Sharon Deceuninck, Yuanhong Chen
    Abstract:

    Crown Rust, caused by Puccinia coronata var. avenae f. sp. avenae (Urban & Markova) (Pca), is an economically significant problem in oat in Canada. The growing of Crown Rust resistant oat cultivars...

  • mapping oat Crown Rust resistance gene pc45 confirms association with pckm
    G3: Genes Genomes Genetics, 2019
    Co-Authors: Aida Z Kebede, J G Menzies, J Chong, Aaron D Beattie, Jayelle Friesenenns, B N Gnanesh, Jennifer Mitchell Fetch, Edyta Paczosgrzeda, Curt A Mccartney
    Abstract:

    Molecular mapping of Crown Rust resistance genes is important to effectively utilize these genes and improve breeding efficiency through marker-assisted selection. Pc45 is a major race-specific Crown Rust resistance gene initially identified in the wild hexaploid oat Avena sterilis in the early 1970s. This gene was transferred to cultivated oat ( Avena sativa ) and has been used as a differential for identification of Crown Rust races since 1974. Previous research identified an association between virulence to Pc45 and PcKM , a Crown Rust resistance gene in the varieties ‘Kame’ and ‘Morton’. This study was undertaken to reveal the relationship between Pc45 and PcKM . Pc45 was studied in the crosses ‘AC Morgan’/ Pc45 and ‘Kasztan’/ Pc45 , where Pc45 is the differential line carrying Pc45 . F 2 progenies and F 2:3 families of both populations were inoculated with the Crown Rust isolate CR258 (race NTGG) and single gene segregation ratios were observed. SNP markers for PcKM were tested on these populations and linkage maps were generated. In addition, 17 newly developed SNP markers identified from genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) data were mapped in these two populations, plus another three populations segregating for Pc45 or PcKM . Pc45 and PcKM mapped to the same location of Mrg08 (chromosome 12D) of the oat chromosome-anchored consensus map. These results strongly suggest that Pc45 and PcKM are the same resistance gene, but allelism ( i.e. , functionally different alleles of the same gene) or tight linkage ( i.e. , two tightly linked genes) cannot be ruled out based on the present data.

  • genetic analysis and molecular mapping of a seedling Crown Rust resistance gene in oat
    Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2015
    Co-Authors: B N Gnanesh, J G Menzies, Jennifer Mitchell Fetch, Curt A Mccartney, P E Eckstein, Aaron D Beattie
    Abstract:

    Genetic analysis and genome mapping of a major seedling oat Crown Rust resistance gene, designated PcKM, are described. The chromosomal location of the PcKM gene was identified and linked markers were validated. Crown Rust (Puccinia coronata Corda f. sp. avenae Eriks) is the most important foliar disease of oats and can cause considerable yield loss in the absence of appropriate management practices. Utilization of novel resistant genes is the most effective, economic and environmentally sound approach to control the disease. Crown Rust resistance present in the cultivar ‘Morton’ was evaluated in a population developed from the cross OT3019 × ‘Morton’ to elucidate the genetic basis of resistance. Crown Rust reaction evaluated in field nurseries and greenhouse tests demonstrated that resistance provided by ‘Morton’ was controlled by a single gene, temporarily designated as PcKM. The gene was initially linked to a random amplified polymorphic DNA band and subsequently converted into a sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker. Genotyping with the PcKM SCAR on the ‘Kanota’ × ‘Ogle’ population, used to create the first oat chromosome-anchored linkage map, placed the PcKM gene on chromosome 12D. Consensus map markers present in the same region as the PcKM SCAR were tested on the OT3019 × ‘Morton’ population and two additional phenotyped populations segregating for PcKM to identify other markers useful for marker-assisted selection. Three markers were perfectly linked to the PcKM phenotype from which TaqMan and KBioscience competitive allele-specific PCR assays were developed and validated on a set of 25 oat lines. The assays correctly identified PcKM carriers. The markers developed in this study will facilitate fine mapping of the PcKM gene and simplify selection for this Crown Rust resistance.