The Experts below are selected from a list of 9192 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Guojin Pang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the tibetan plateau Cryosphere observations and model simulations for current status and recent changes
Earth-Science Reviews, 2019Co-Authors: Meixue Yang, Xuejia Wang, Guojin PangAbstract:Abstract Global warming has already had a significant impact on social ecosystems. The Tibetan Plateau (TP), which is characterized by a Cryosphere, is also recognized to have a profound influence on regional and global climate systems, as well as the ecological economy. Therefore, research on the Cryosphere is of significant importance. This paper comprehensively reviews the current status and recent changes of the Cryosphere (e.g., glacier, snow cover, and frozen ground) in the TP from the perspectives of observations and simulations. Because of enhanced climate warming in the TP, a large portion of glaciers have experienced significant retreat since the 1960s, with obvious regional differences. The retreat is the smallest in the TP interior, and gradually increases towards the edges. Glacier simulations are comparatively few and still under development. Snow cover is a highly sensitive element of the Cryosphere and decreases with large interdecadal variations from the 1960s to the 2010s in general. Simulations of snow cover mostly focus on the mutual feedback between the snow cover anomaly, climate and atmospheric circulation. In situ observations and simulations both indicate that the mean annual temperature of frozen ground increases, causing permafrost thaw and degradation and decreasing the seasonal freeze depth of seasonally frozen ground. Under future climate warming, the cryospheric elements in the TP will continue to diminish on the whole. Studies of climate and the Cryosphere are ongoing. To date, the lack of observations is the biggest challenge on the TP, resulting in a divergence of Cryosphere dynamics and its simulation being a bottleneck. To overcome these issues, a strategy that combines sets of in situ and remote sensing measurements and improved numerical models is of great importance for achieving breakthroughs with respect to research on the TP Cryosphere and its interaction with climate.
Bashir Ahmad - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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snow cover dynamics and hydrological regime of the hunza river basin karakoram range northern pakistan
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 2011Co-Authors: Adnan Ahmad Tahir, Pierre Chevallier, Yves Arnaud, Bashir AhmadAbstract:Abstract. A major proportion of flow in the Indus River is contributed by its snow- and glacier-fed river catchments situated in the Himalaya, Karakoram and Hindukush ranges. It is therefore essential to understand the Cryosphere dynamics in this area for water resource management. The MODIS MOD10A2 remote-sensing database of snow cover products from March 2000 to December 2009 was selected to analyse the snow cover changes in the Hunza River basin (the snow- and glacier-fed sub-catchment of the Indus River). A database of daily flows for the Hunza River at Dainyor Bridge over a period of 40 yr and climate data (precipitation and temperature) for 10 yr from three meteorological stations within the catchment was made available to investigate the hydrological regime in the area. Analysis of remotely sensed Cryosphere (snow and ice cover) data during the last decade (2000–2009) suggest a rather slight expansion of Cryosphere in the area in contrast to most of the regions in the world where glaciers are melting rapidly. This increase in snow cover may be the result of an increase in winter precipitation caused by westerly circulation. The impact of global warming is not effective because a large part of the basin area lies under high altitudes where the temperature remains negative throughout most of the year.
Y. Gauthier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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variability and change in the canadian Cryosphere
Climatic Change, 2012Co-Authors: Chris Derksen, Y. Gauthier, S L Smith, Martin Sharp, Laura C Brown, Stephen E L Howell, Luke Copland, Derek R Mueller, Christopher G Fletcher, A TivyAbstract:During the International Polar Year (IPY), comprehensive observational research programs were undertaken to increase our understanding of the Canadian polar Cryosphere response to a changing climate. Cryospheric components considered were snow, permafrost, sea ice, freshwater ice, glaciers and ice shelves. Enhancement of conventional observing systems and retrieval algorithms for satellite measurements facilitated development of a snapshot of current cryospheric conditions, providing a baseline against which future change can be assessed. Key findings include: 1. surface air temperatures across the Canadian Arctic exhibit a warming trend in all seasons over the past 40 years. A consistent pan-cryospheric response to these warming temperatures is evident through the analysis of multi-decadal datasets; 2. in recent years (including the IPY period) a higher rate of change was observed compared to previous decades including warming permafrost, reduction in snow cover extent and duration, reduction in summer sea ice extent, increased mass loss from glaciers, and thinning and break-up of the remaining Canadian ice shelves. These changes illustrate both a reduction in the spatial extent and mass of the Cryosphere and an increase in the temporal persistence of melt related parameters. The observed changes in the Cryosphere have important implications for human activity including the close ties of northerners to the land, access to northern regions for natural resource development, and the integrity of northern infrastructure.
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Monitoring the Cryosphere using Radarsat-1 and SSM/I Data: an Overview of CRYSYS Related Accomplishments at INRS-ETE
2006 IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2006Co-Authors: M. Bernier, Y. GauthierAbstract:The Cryosphere consists of ocean ice, glaciers, lake and river ice, snow cover, seasonally frozen ground and permafrost. During a decade (1995-2005), the CRYSYS project supported a network of researchers from universities and government laboratories involved in the monitoring of the Canadian Cryosphere using remote sensing data and climatic models. Through this decade, INRS-ETE has been using remote sensing to develop tools for snow monitoring, seasonal frost mapping, and river ice characterization in Canada. This paper summarizes INRS-ETE main scientific accomplishments.
Meixue Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the tibetan plateau Cryosphere observations and model simulations for current status and recent changes
Earth-Science Reviews, 2019Co-Authors: Meixue Yang, Xuejia Wang, Guojin PangAbstract:Abstract Global warming has already had a significant impact on social ecosystems. The Tibetan Plateau (TP), which is characterized by a Cryosphere, is also recognized to have a profound influence on regional and global climate systems, as well as the ecological economy. Therefore, research on the Cryosphere is of significant importance. This paper comprehensively reviews the current status and recent changes of the Cryosphere (e.g., glacier, snow cover, and frozen ground) in the TP from the perspectives of observations and simulations. Because of enhanced climate warming in the TP, a large portion of glaciers have experienced significant retreat since the 1960s, with obvious regional differences. The retreat is the smallest in the TP interior, and gradually increases towards the edges. Glacier simulations are comparatively few and still under development. Snow cover is a highly sensitive element of the Cryosphere and decreases with large interdecadal variations from the 1960s to the 2010s in general. Simulations of snow cover mostly focus on the mutual feedback between the snow cover anomaly, climate and atmospheric circulation. In situ observations and simulations both indicate that the mean annual temperature of frozen ground increases, causing permafrost thaw and degradation and decreasing the seasonal freeze depth of seasonally frozen ground. Under future climate warming, the cryospheric elements in the TP will continue to diminish on the whole. Studies of climate and the Cryosphere are ongoing. To date, the lack of observations is the biggest challenge on the TP, resulting in a divergence of Cryosphere dynamics and its simulation being a bottleneck. To overcome these issues, a strategy that combines sets of in situ and remote sensing measurements and improved numerical models is of great importance for achieving breakthroughs with respect to research on the TP Cryosphere and its interaction with climate.
Cunde Xiao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cryosphere Services and Human Well-Being
Sustainability, 2019Co-Authors: Bo Su, Cunde Xiao, Deliang Chen, Yongjian DingAbstract:Cryosphere services (CSs) refer to various benefits that humans directly or indirectly obtain from the Cryosphere, which makes significant contributions to human well-being (HWB). To facilitate such research, we first present a classification system for conceptualizing, monitoring and assessing CSs based on the current process-based understanding of their nature and sustainability. Specifically, the CSs are grouped into five major categories (provisioning, regulating, cultural, bearing and supporting services) and 18 sub-categories. Then we provide a detailed overview on formation, current status and anticipated future changes of the identified types of the services, and their impact on HWB. Finally, the spatio-temporal scales, the links of the services with HWB and climate-dependence are further discussed. The research of CSs adopt interdisciplinary approach to address the formation mechanisms of CSs and their dynamic relationships with HWB, which is poised to provide a better understanding of the Cryosphere’s role in human society and help enhance socio-ecological sustainability and HWB over Cryosphere-affected areas. Notably, most CSs have been deteriorating under global warming and Cryosphere shrinkage, further leading to negative impacts on associated HWB. Therefore, great attention should be paid to the changes in CSs and their cascading risks.
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global Cryosphere evolution and land surface processes on the tibetan plateau
2017Co-Authors: Cunde Xiao, Lide Tian, Qingbai Wu, Dongqi Zhang, Tingjun Zhang, Tonghua Wu, Chaolu Yi, Eryuan Liang, Xiaoping WangAbstract:Land surface process studies over the Tibetan Plateau had made large achievements in the last three decades, focus mainly on: (1) Multi-sphere interactions in the Tibetan Plateau and their impacts on regional climate, hydrology and ecosystem. (2) Mechanisms and impacts of cryospheric hazards, including cold regions engineering. (3) tempo-spatial patterns of paleoenvironment. Achievement was also made in the changes of polar Cryosphere and their influences to high/middle latitudinal climate. Future expectation includes enhancing the modeling work on Cryosphere research, multi-discipline research considering multi-sphere interaction, and the potential new directions linked to social activities.
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a preliminary study of Cryosphere service function and value evaluation
Advances in Climate Change Research, 2015Co-Authors: Cunde Xiao, Shijin WangAbstract:Abstract Cryosphere science research and development (R&D) has been strongly committed to public service, integrating natural sciences with socioeconomic impacts. Owing to the current shift from purely natural Cryosphere scientific research to linking Cryosphere science with socioeconomic and cultural science, cross-disciplinary research in this field is emerging, which advocates future Cryosphere science research in this field. Utilizing the Cryosphere service function (CSF), this study establishes CSF and its value evaluation system. Cryosphere service valuation can benefit the decisionmakers' and public's awareness of environmental protection. Implementing sustainable CSF utilization strategies and macroeconomic policymaking for global environmental protection will have profound and practical significance as well as avoid environmental degradation while pursuing short-term economic profits and achieving rapid economic development.