The Experts below are selected from a list of 111138 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Yoshihisa Kashima - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Utopia and ideology in Cultural Dynamics
Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 2020Co-Authors: Yoshihisa Kashima, Julian W. FernandoAbstract:Utopia is a Culturally constructed vision of an ideal human condition. Although its contents vary cross-Culturally, utopian visions exist across cultures and therefore utopian thinking is a widespread human proclivity. When activated, a utopian vision can engage citizens with their on-going societal processes by activating a motivation to criticize and change the status quo, but may also disengage them from their society, enticing them to wallow in their impossible dream. Utopias animate Cultural Dynamics – the formation, maintenance, and transformation of culture over time – as a critical part of humanity’s effort to collectively self-regulate our construction of society.
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Emotion in Cultural Dynamics
Emotion Review, 2019Co-Authors: Yoshihisa Kashima, Alin Coman, Janet V. T. Pauketat, Vincent YzerbytAbstract:Emotion is critical for Cultural Dynamics, that is, for the formation, maintenance, and transformation of culture over time. We outline the component micro- and macro-level processes of Cultural dy...
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The Psychology of Cultural Dynamics: What Is It, What Do We Know, and What Is Yet to Be Known?
Annual review of psychology, 2019Co-Authors: Yoshihisa Kashima, Paul G. Bain, Amy PerforsAbstract:The psychology of Cultural Dynamics is the psychological investigation of the formation, maintenance, and transformation of culture over time. This article maps out the terrain, reviews the existin...
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Social transmission and shared reality in Cultural Dynamics.
Current opinion in psychology, 2017Co-Authors: Yoshihisa Kashima, Boyka Bratanova, Kim PetersAbstract:Micro Cultural Dynamics are concerned with the mechanisms of transmission, retention, and modification of Cultural information in social networks. When interacting individuals mutually recognize that they share psychological reactions to given Cultural information, it may be grounded as an aspect of their shared reality under specifiable conditions. The interpretation of Cultural information as socially verified shared reality provides a basis for further dissemination of the information and coordinated social action. We review the recent literature that supports this general contention, while highlighting the role of emotion-a somewhat under-recognized aspect of shared reality research-and emphasizing the mediating role of Cultural Dynamics in the mutual constitution of social reality and shared reality.
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How can you capture Cultural Dynamics
Frontiers in psychology, 2014Co-Authors: Yoshihisa KashimaAbstract:Cross-Cultural comparison is a critical method by which we can examine the interaction between culture and psychological processes. However, comparative methods tend to overlook Cultural Dynamics – the formation, maintenance, and transformation of cultures over time. The present article gives a brief overview of four different types of research designs that have been used to examine Cultural Dynamics in the literature: (1) cross-temporal methods that trace medium- to long-term changes in a culture; (2) cross-generational methods that explore medium-term implications of Cultural transmission; (3) experimental simulation methods that investigate micro-level mechanisms of Cultural Dynamics; and (4) formal models and computer simulation methods often used to investigate long-term and macro-level implications of micro-level mechanisms. These methods differ in terms of level of analysis for which they are designed (micro vs. macro-level), scale of time for which they are typically used (short-, medium-, or long-term), and direction of inference (deductive vs. empirical method) that they imply. The paper describes examples of these methods, discuss their strengths and weaknesses, and point to their complementarity in inquiries about Cultural change. Because Cultural Dynamics research is about meaning over time, issues deriving from interpretation of meaning and temporal distance between researchers and objects of inquiry can pose threats to the validity of the research and its findings. The methodological question about hermeneutic circle is recalled and further inquiries are encouraged.
Diego Garlaschelli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Ultrametricity increases the predictability of Cultural Dynamics
New Journal of Physics, 2018Co-Authors: Alexandru Ionuț Băbeanu, Jorinde Van De Vis, Diego GarlaschelliAbstract:A quantitative understanding of societies requires useful combinations of empirical data and mathematical models. Models of Cultural Dynamics aim at explaining the emergence of Culturally homogeneous groups through social influence. Traditionally, the initial Cultural traits of individuals are chosen uniformly at random, the emphasis being on characterizing the model outcomes that are independent of these (`annealed') initial conditions. Here, motivated by an increasing interest in forecasting social behavior in the real world, we reverse the point of view and focus on the effect of specific (`quenched') initial conditions, including those obtained from real data, on the final Cultural state. We study the predictability, rigorously defined in an information-theoretic sense, of the \emph{social content} of the final Cultural groups (i.e. who ends up in which group) from the knowledge of the initial Cultural traits. We find that, as compared to random and shuffled initial conditions, the hierarchical ultrametric-like organization of empirical Cultural states significantly increases the predictability of the final social content by largely confining Cultural convergence within the lower levels of the hierarchy. Moreover, predictability correlates with the compatibility of short-term social coordination and long-term Cultural diversity, a property that has been recently found to be strong and robust in empirical data. We also introduce a null model generating initial conditions that retain the ultrametric representation of real data. Using this ultrametric model, predictability is highly enhanced with respect to the random and shuffled cases, confirming the usefulness of the empirical hierarchical organization of culture for forecasting the outcome of social influence models.
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ultrametricity increases the predictability of Cultural Dynamics
New Journal of Physics, 2018Co-Authors: Alexandru Ionuț Băbeanu, Jorinde Van De Vis, Diego GarlaschelliAbstract:A quantitative understanding of societies requires useful combinations of empirical data and mathematical models. Models of Cultural Dynamics aim at explaining the emergence of Culturally homogeneous groups through social influence. Traditionally, the initial Cultural traits of individuals are chosen uniformly at random, the emphasis being on characterizing the model outcomes that are independent of these ('annealed') initial conditions. Here, motivated by an increasing interest in forecasting social behavior in the real world, we reverse the point of view and focus on the effect of specific ('quenched') initial conditions, including those obtained from real data, on the final Cultural state. We study the predictability, rigorously defined in an information-theoretic sense, of the social content of the final Cultural groups (i.e. who ends up in which group) from the knowledge of the initial Cultural traits. We find that, as compared to random and shuffled initial conditions, the hierarchical ultrametric-like organization of empirical Cultural states significantly increases the predictability of the final social content by largely confining Cultural convergence within the lower levels of the hierarchy. Moreover, predictability correlates with the compatibility of short-term social coordination and long-term Cultural diversity, a property that has been recently found to be strong and robust in empirical data. We also introduce a null model generating initial conditions that retain the ultrametric representation of real data. Using this ultrametric model, predictability is highly enhanced with respect to the random and shuffled cases, confirming the usefulness of the empirical hierarchical organization of culture for forecasting the outcome of social influence models. These results appear to be highly independent of the empirical data source.
Nicole Boivin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Radiocarbon dating and Cultural Dynamics across Mongolia’s early pastoral transition
PloS one, 2019Co-Authors: William Timothy Treal Taylor, Shevan Wilkin, Joshua Wright, Michael W. Dee, Myagmar Erdene, Julia Clark, Tumurbaatar Tuvshinjargal, Jamsranjav Bayarsaikhan, William W. Fitzhugh, Nicole BoivinAbstract:The emergence of mobile herding lifeways in Mongolia and eastern Eurasia was one of the most crucial economic and Cultural transitions in human prehistory. Understanding the process by which this played out, however, has been impeded by the absence of a precise chronological framework for the prehistoric era in Mongolia. One rare source of empirically dateable material useful for understanding eastern Eurasia’s pastoral tradition comes from the stone burial mounds and monumental constructions that began to appear across the landscape of Mongolia and adjacent regions during the Bronze Age (ca. 3000–700 BCE). Here, along with presenting 28 new radiocarbon dates from Mongolia’s earliest pastoral monumental burials, we synthesise, critically analyse, and model existing dates to present the first precision Bayesian radiocarbon model for the emergence and geographic spread of Bronze Age monument and burial forms. Model results demonstrate a Cultural succession between ambiguously dated Afanasievo, Chemurchek, and Munkhkhairkhan traditions. Geographic patterning reveals the existence of important Cultural frontiers during the second millennium BCE. This work demonstrates the utility of a Bayesian approach for investigating prehistoric Cultural Dynamics during the emergence of pastoral economies.
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radiocarbon dating and Cultural Dynamics across mongolia s early pastoral transition
PLOS ONE, 2019Co-Authors: William Timothy Treal Taylor, Shevan Wilkin, Joshua Wright, Michael W. Dee, Myagmar Erdene, Julia Clark, Tumurbaatar Tuvshinjargal, Jamsranjav Bayarsaikhan, William W. Fitzhugh, Nicole BoivinAbstract:The emergence of mobile herding lifeways in Mongolia and eastern Eurasia was one of the most crucial economic and Cultural transitions in human prehistory. Understanding the process by which this played out, however, has been impeded by the absence of a precise chronological framework for the prehistoric era in Mongolia. One rare source of empirically dateable material useful for understanding eastern Eurasia’s pastoral tradition comes from the stone burial mounds and monumental constructions that began to appear across the landscape of Mongolia and adjacent regions during the Bronze Age (ca. 3000–700 BCE). Here, along with presenting 28 new radiocarbon dates from Mongolia’s earliest pastoral monumental burials, we synthesise, critically analyse, and model existing dates to present the first precision Bayesian radiocarbon model for the emergence and geographic spread of Bronze Age monument and burial forms. Model results demonstrate a Cultural succession between ambiguously dated Afanasievo, Chemurchek, and Munkhkhairkhan traditions. Geographic patterning reveals the existence of important Cultural frontiers during the second millennium BCE. This work demonstrates the utility of a Bayesian approach for investigating prehistoric Cultural Dynamics during the emergence of pastoral economies.
Alexandru Ionuț Băbeanu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Ultrametricity increases the predictability of Cultural Dynamics
New Journal of Physics, 2018Co-Authors: Alexandru Ionuț Băbeanu, Jorinde Van De Vis, Diego GarlaschelliAbstract:A quantitative understanding of societies requires useful combinations of empirical data and mathematical models. Models of Cultural Dynamics aim at explaining the emergence of Culturally homogeneous groups through social influence. Traditionally, the initial Cultural traits of individuals are chosen uniformly at random, the emphasis being on characterizing the model outcomes that are independent of these (`annealed') initial conditions. Here, motivated by an increasing interest in forecasting social behavior in the real world, we reverse the point of view and focus on the effect of specific (`quenched') initial conditions, including those obtained from real data, on the final Cultural state. We study the predictability, rigorously defined in an information-theoretic sense, of the \emph{social content} of the final Cultural groups (i.e. who ends up in which group) from the knowledge of the initial Cultural traits. We find that, as compared to random and shuffled initial conditions, the hierarchical ultrametric-like organization of empirical Cultural states significantly increases the predictability of the final social content by largely confining Cultural convergence within the lower levels of the hierarchy. Moreover, predictability correlates with the compatibility of short-term social coordination and long-term Cultural diversity, a property that has been recently found to be strong and robust in empirical data. We also introduce a null model generating initial conditions that retain the ultrametric representation of real data. Using this ultrametric model, predictability is highly enhanced with respect to the random and shuffled cases, confirming the usefulness of the empirical hierarchical organization of culture for forecasting the outcome of social influence models.
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ultrametricity increases the predictability of Cultural Dynamics
New Journal of Physics, 2018Co-Authors: Alexandru Ionuț Băbeanu, Jorinde Van De Vis, Diego GarlaschelliAbstract:A quantitative understanding of societies requires useful combinations of empirical data and mathematical models. Models of Cultural Dynamics aim at explaining the emergence of Culturally homogeneous groups through social influence. Traditionally, the initial Cultural traits of individuals are chosen uniformly at random, the emphasis being on characterizing the model outcomes that are independent of these ('annealed') initial conditions. Here, motivated by an increasing interest in forecasting social behavior in the real world, we reverse the point of view and focus on the effect of specific ('quenched') initial conditions, including those obtained from real data, on the final Cultural state. We study the predictability, rigorously defined in an information-theoretic sense, of the social content of the final Cultural groups (i.e. who ends up in which group) from the knowledge of the initial Cultural traits. We find that, as compared to random and shuffled initial conditions, the hierarchical ultrametric-like organization of empirical Cultural states significantly increases the predictability of the final social content by largely confining Cultural convergence within the lower levels of the hierarchy. Moreover, predictability correlates with the compatibility of short-term social coordination and long-term Cultural diversity, a property that has been recently found to be strong and robust in empirical data. We also introduce a null model generating initial conditions that retain the ultrametric representation of real data. Using this ultrametric model, predictability is highly enhanced with respect to the random and shuffled cases, confirming the usefulness of the empirical hierarchical organization of culture for forecasting the outcome of social influence models. These results appear to be highly independent of the empirical data source.
William Timothy Treal Taylor - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Radiocarbon dating and Cultural Dynamics across Mongolia’s early pastoral transition
PloS one, 2019Co-Authors: William Timothy Treal Taylor, Shevan Wilkin, Joshua Wright, Michael W. Dee, Myagmar Erdene, Julia Clark, Tumurbaatar Tuvshinjargal, Jamsranjav Bayarsaikhan, William W. Fitzhugh, Nicole BoivinAbstract:The emergence of mobile herding lifeways in Mongolia and eastern Eurasia was one of the most crucial economic and Cultural transitions in human prehistory. Understanding the process by which this played out, however, has been impeded by the absence of a precise chronological framework for the prehistoric era in Mongolia. One rare source of empirically dateable material useful for understanding eastern Eurasia’s pastoral tradition comes from the stone burial mounds and monumental constructions that began to appear across the landscape of Mongolia and adjacent regions during the Bronze Age (ca. 3000–700 BCE). Here, along with presenting 28 new radiocarbon dates from Mongolia’s earliest pastoral monumental burials, we synthesise, critically analyse, and model existing dates to present the first precision Bayesian radiocarbon model for the emergence and geographic spread of Bronze Age monument and burial forms. Model results demonstrate a Cultural succession between ambiguously dated Afanasievo, Chemurchek, and Munkhkhairkhan traditions. Geographic patterning reveals the existence of important Cultural frontiers during the second millennium BCE. This work demonstrates the utility of a Bayesian approach for investigating prehistoric Cultural Dynamics during the emergence of pastoral economies.
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radiocarbon dating and Cultural Dynamics across mongolia s early pastoral transition
PLOS ONE, 2019Co-Authors: William Timothy Treal Taylor, Shevan Wilkin, Joshua Wright, Michael W. Dee, Myagmar Erdene, Julia Clark, Tumurbaatar Tuvshinjargal, Jamsranjav Bayarsaikhan, William W. Fitzhugh, Nicole BoivinAbstract:The emergence of mobile herding lifeways in Mongolia and eastern Eurasia was one of the most crucial economic and Cultural transitions in human prehistory. Understanding the process by which this played out, however, has been impeded by the absence of a precise chronological framework for the prehistoric era in Mongolia. One rare source of empirically dateable material useful for understanding eastern Eurasia’s pastoral tradition comes from the stone burial mounds and monumental constructions that began to appear across the landscape of Mongolia and adjacent regions during the Bronze Age (ca. 3000–700 BCE). Here, along with presenting 28 new radiocarbon dates from Mongolia’s earliest pastoral monumental burials, we synthesise, critically analyse, and model existing dates to present the first precision Bayesian radiocarbon model for the emergence and geographic spread of Bronze Age monument and burial forms. Model results demonstrate a Cultural succession between ambiguously dated Afanasievo, Chemurchek, and Munkhkhairkhan traditions. Geographic patterning reveals the existence of important Cultural frontiers during the second millennium BCE. This work demonstrates the utility of a Bayesian approach for investigating prehistoric Cultural Dynamics during the emergence of pastoral economies.