The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Benedict G C Dellaert - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
consumers evaluation of allocation policies for scarce health care services vested interest activation trumps spatial and Temporal Distance
ERIM Top-Core Articles, 2012Co-Authors: Tim M Benning, Els Breugelmans, Benedict G C DellaertAbstract:textabstractThe allocation of scarce health care service resources often requires trade-offs between individual and collective outcomes (e.g., when some individuals benefit more strongly from a given policy than others). Based on construal level theory, one would expect that consumers cognitively represent the individual and collective outcomes of an allocation policy at different levels of abstraction and that they evaluate allocation policies more positively when there is congruency between the cognitive representation of the policy’s focal outcome and the spatial and Temporal Distance inherently present in the policy’s decision context (e.g., allocation decisions on a future policy). However, we hypothesize that this congruency effect can be overruled by a high vested interest mindset that is activated by an individual’s recent personal experience with a health care service provider. Since a high vested interest mindset increases the relevance of the allocation policy implementation for the individual because s/he perceives strong personal consequences, we propose that for consumers with recent experience the evaluation of an allocation policy that focuses on individual outcomes is higher than that of a policy that focuses on collective outcomes irrespective of the spatial and Temporal Distance in the decision context. Results of a hypothetical experiment among a representative sample of the general population confirm the congruency effects in the new domain of health care service allocation policies, and provide support for the proposed overruling effect of the activation of a high vested interest mindset by recent personal experience on spatial and Temporal Distance.
-
consumers evaluation of allocation policies for scarce health care services vested interest activation trumps spatial and Temporal Distance
Marketing Letters, 2012Co-Authors: Tim M Benning, Els Breugelmans, Benedict G C DellaertAbstract:The allocation of scarce health care service resources often requires trade-offs between individual and collective outcomes (e.g., when some individuals benefit more strongly from a given policy than others). Based on construal level theory, one would expect that consumers cognitively represent the individual and collective outcomes of an allocation policy at different levels of abstraction and that they evaluate allocation policies more positively when there is congruency between the cognitive representation of the policy’s focal outcome and the spatial and Temporal Distance inherently present in the policy’s decision context (e.g., allocation decisions on a future policy). However, we hypothesize that this congruency effect can be overruled by a high vested interest mindset that is activated by an individual’s recent personal experience with a health care service provider. Since a high vested interest mindset increases the relevance of the allocation policy implementation for the individual because s/he perceives strong personal consequences, we propose that for consumers with recent experience the evaluation of an allocation policy that focuses on individual outcomes is higher than that of a policy that focuses on collective outcomes irrespective of the spatial and Temporal Distance in the decision context. Results of a hypothetical experiment among a representative sample of the general population confirm the congruency effects in the new domain of health care service allocation policies, and provide support for the proposed overruling effect of the activation of a high vested interest mindset by recent personal experience on spatial and Temporal Distance.
-
consumers evaluation of allocation policies for scarce health care services vested interest activation trumps spatial and Temporal Distance
Social Science Research Network, 2011Co-Authors: Tim M Benning, Els Breugelmans, Benedict G C DellaertAbstract:The allocation of scarce health care service resources often requires trade-offs between individual and collective outcomes (e.g., when some individuals benefit more strongly from a given policy than others). Based on construal level theory, one would expect that consumers cognitively represent the individual and collective outcomes of an allocation policy at different levels of abstraction and that they evaluate allocation policies more positively when there is congruency between the cognitive representation of the policy’s focal outcome and the spatial and Temporal Distance inherently present in the policy’s decision context (e.g., allocation decisions on a future policy). However, we hypothesize that this congruency effect can be overruled by a high vested interest mindset that is activated by an individual’s recent personal experience with a health care service provider. Since a high vested interest mindset increases the relevance of the allocation policy implementation for the individual because s/he perceives strong personal consequences, we propose that for consumers with recent experience the evaluation of an allocation policy that focuses on individual outcomes is higher than that of a policy that focuses on collective outcomes irrespective of the spatial and Temporal Distance in the decision context. Results of a hypothetical experiment amongst a representative sample of the general population provide support for the proposed overruling effect of the activation of a high vested interest mindset by recent personal experience on spatial and Temporal Distance.
-
consumer acceptance of recommendations by interactive decision aids the joint role of Temporal Distance and concrete versus abstract communications
The Missouri Review, 2011Co-Authors: Clemens Kohler, Els Breugelmans, Benedict G C DellaertAbstract:Interactive decision aids (IDAs) typically use concrete, feature-based approaches to interact with consumers. Recently, however, interaction designs that focus on communicating abstract consumer needs have been suggested as a promising alternative. This paper investigates how Temporal Distance moderates the effectiveness of these two competing IDA communication designs by its effect on consumers' mental representation of the product decision problem. Temporal Distance is inherently connected to IDAs in two ways. Congruency between consumption timing (immediate versus distant) and IDA communication design (concrete versus abstract, respectively) increases the likelihood to accept the IDA's advice. This effect is also achieved by congruency between IDA process timing (immediate versus delayed delivery of recommendations) and IDA communication design (concrete versus abstract, respectively). We further show that this process is mediated by the perceived transparency of the IDA process. Managers and researchers need to take into account the importance of congruency between the user and the interface through which companies interact with their users and can further optimize IDAs so that they better match consumers' mental representations.
Yaacov Trope - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
the effects of time perspective and level of construal on social Distance
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 2011Co-Authors: Elena Stephan, Nira Liberman, Yaacov TropeAbstract:Psychological causes of social Distance were examined from the perspective of Construal Level Theory (CLT; Liberman, Trope, & Stephan, 2007), which predicts that Temporal Distance from and abstract construal of a social target would create perception of social Distance. Our studies demonstrate that expectations for Temporally remote (versus proximal) social interaction produce greater social Distance from a target person, measured as reduced familiarity (Study 1) and as reduced similarity to the self (Study 2). We also show that a more abstract, higher level construal of a social target results in less familiarity (Study 3) and in less allocation of resources (Study 4). The research sheds light on how social closeness can be promoted or hindered by previously unaddressed psychological factors.
-
politeness and psychological Distance a construal level perspective
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2010Co-Authors: Elena Stephan, Nira Liberman, Yaacov TropeAbstract:According to politeness theory (P. Brown & S. Levinson, 1987), politeness serves to both reflect and regulate social Distance. On the basis of this notion and on construal level theory (N. Liberman & Y. Trope, 2008; N. Liberman, Y. Trope, & E. Stephan, 2007), it was predicted that politeness would be related to abstract construal, Temporal Distance, and spatial Distance. Eight studies supported this prediction. Politeness increased when the addressees were construed abstractly (Study 1), were Temporally distant (Studies 2, 3), and were spatially distant (Study 4). It was also found that increasing politeness produced abstract construals (Study 5), greater Temporal Distance (Study 6), and greater spatial Distance (Study 7, 8). These findings shed light on the way politeness operates in different cultures and is conveyed in different languages, and they support the idea that dimensions of psychological Distance are interrelated.
-
politeness and psychological Distance a construal level perspective
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2010Co-Authors: Elena Stephan, Nira Liberman, Yaacov TropeAbstract:According to politeness theory (P. Brown & S. Levinson, 1987), politeness serves to both reflect and regulate social Distance. On the basis of this notion and on construal level theory (N. Liberman & Y. Trope, 2008; N. Liberman, Y. Trope, & E. Stephan, 2007), it was predicted that politeness would be related to abstract construal, Temporal Distance, and spatial Distance. Eight studies supported this prediction. Politeness increased when the addressees were construed abstractly (Study 1), were Temporally distant (Studies 2, 3), and were spatially distant (Study 4). It was also found that increasing politeness produced abstract construals (Study 5), greater Temporal Distance (Study 6), and greater spatial Distance (Study 7, 8). These findings shed light on the way politeness operates in different cultures and is conveyed in different languages, and they support the idea that dimensions of psychological Distance are interrelated.
-
the effect of level of construal on the Temporal Distance of activity enactment
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 2007Co-Authors: Nira Liberman, Yaacov Trope, Sean M Mccrea, Steven J ShermanAbstract:A series of four studies demonstrates that, across diVerent operationalizations of level of construal, diVerent types of activities, and for both the self and another person as targets, construing activities in high-level terms fosters perception of the more distal future as appropriate for their enactment. SpeciWcally, the studies show that thinking about superordinate “why” (rather than subordinate “how”) aspects of actions, about the implications of actions for one’s personality (rather than the objects that would be used in performing the action), and about abstract (rather than concrete) aspects of actions leads people to expect the actions to be performed in the more distant future. These results suggest that the association of level of construal and time perspective is bi-directional, in that time perspective aVects level of construal and, in addition, level of construal aVects time perspective.
-
the effect of Temporal Distance on level of mental construal
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 2002Co-Authors: Nira Liberman, Michael D Sagristano, Yaacov TropeAbstract:Abstract Four studies examined the prediction of construal level theory that the more distant future events would be construed in higher-level, more abstract, and simple terms. Objects were categorized into broader categories when they pertained to distant future situations than to near future situations (Study 1). Positive and negative experiences in the more distant future were expected to be more prototypical—less variable and more extreme (Study 2). More distant future coping experiences were expected to be less variable (Study 3). Preferences for events and activities that were expected in the distant future were organized around simpler structures than preferences for the same events when they were expected in the near future (Study 4). These results support the principle of Temporal construal, according to which the more distant future is represented in a more schematic, abstract, and coherent way.
Nira Liberman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
the effects of time perspective and level of construal on social Distance
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 2011Co-Authors: Elena Stephan, Nira Liberman, Yaacov TropeAbstract:Psychological causes of social Distance were examined from the perspective of Construal Level Theory (CLT; Liberman, Trope, & Stephan, 2007), which predicts that Temporal Distance from and abstract construal of a social target would create perception of social Distance. Our studies demonstrate that expectations for Temporally remote (versus proximal) social interaction produce greater social Distance from a target person, measured as reduced familiarity (Study 1) and as reduced similarity to the self (Study 2). We also show that a more abstract, higher level construal of a social target results in less familiarity (Study 3) and in less allocation of resources (Study 4). The research sheds light on how social closeness can be promoted or hindered by previously unaddressed psychological factors.
-
politeness and psychological Distance a construal level perspective
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2010Co-Authors: Elena Stephan, Nira Liberman, Yaacov TropeAbstract:According to politeness theory (P. Brown & S. Levinson, 1987), politeness serves to both reflect and regulate social Distance. On the basis of this notion and on construal level theory (N. Liberman & Y. Trope, 2008; N. Liberman, Y. Trope, & E. Stephan, 2007), it was predicted that politeness would be related to abstract construal, Temporal Distance, and spatial Distance. Eight studies supported this prediction. Politeness increased when the addressees were construed abstractly (Study 1), were Temporally distant (Studies 2, 3), and were spatially distant (Study 4). It was also found that increasing politeness produced abstract construals (Study 5), greater Temporal Distance (Study 6), and greater spatial Distance (Study 7, 8). These findings shed light on the way politeness operates in different cultures and is conveyed in different languages, and they support the idea that dimensions of psychological Distance are interrelated.
-
politeness and psychological Distance a construal level perspective
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2010Co-Authors: Elena Stephan, Nira Liberman, Yaacov TropeAbstract:According to politeness theory (P. Brown & S. Levinson, 1987), politeness serves to both reflect and regulate social Distance. On the basis of this notion and on construal level theory (N. Liberman & Y. Trope, 2008; N. Liberman, Y. Trope, & E. Stephan, 2007), it was predicted that politeness would be related to abstract construal, Temporal Distance, and spatial Distance. Eight studies supported this prediction. Politeness increased when the addressees were construed abstractly (Study 1), were Temporally distant (Studies 2, 3), and were spatially distant (Study 4). It was also found that increasing politeness produced abstract construals (Study 5), greater Temporal Distance (Study 6), and greater spatial Distance (Study 7, 8). These findings shed light on the way politeness operates in different cultures and is conveyed in different languages, and they support the idea that dimensions of psychological Distance are interrelated.
-
the effect of level of construal on the Temporal Distance of activity enactment
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 2007Co-Authors: Nira Liberman, Yaacov Trope, Sean M Mccrea, Steven J ShermanAbstract:A series of four studies demonstrates that, across diVerent operationalizations of level of construal, diVerent types of activities, and for both the self and another person as targets, construing activities in high-level terms fosters perception of the more distal future as appropriate for their enactment. SpeciWcally, the studies show that thinking about superordinate “why” (rather than subordinate “how”) aspects of actions, about the implications of actions for one’s personality (rather than the objects that would be used in performing the action), and about abstract (rather than concrete) aspects of actions leads people to expect the actions to be performed in the more distant future. These results suggest that the association of level of construal and time perspective is bi-directional, in that time perspective aVects level of construal and, in addition, level of construal aVects time perspective.
-
the effect of Temporal Distance on level of mental construal
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 2002Co-Authors: Nira Liberman, Michael D Sagristano, Yaacov TropeAbstract:Abstract Four studies examined the prediction of construal level theory that the more distant future events would be construed in higher-level, more abstract, and simple terms. Objects were categorized into broader categories when they pertained to distant future situations than to near future situations (Study 1). Positive and negative experiences in the more distant future were expected to be more prototypical—less variable and more extreme (Study 2). More distant future coping experiences were expected to be less variable (Study 3). Preferences for events and activities that were expected in the distant future were organized around simpler structures than preferences for the same events when they were expected in the near future (Study 4). These results support the principle of Temporal construal, according to which the more distant future is represented in a more schematic, abstract, and coherent way.
Tim M Benning - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
consumers evaluation of allocation policies for scarce health care services vested interest activation trumps spatial and Temporal Distance
ERIM Top-Core Articles, 2012Co-Authors: Tim M Benning, Els Breugelmans, Benedict G C DellaertAbstract:textabstractThe allocation of scarce health care service resources often requires trade-offs between individual and collective outcomes (e.g., when some individuals benefit more strongly from a given policy than others). Based on construal level theory, one would expect that consumers cognitively represent the individual and collective outcomes of an allocation policy at different levels of abstraction and that they evaluate allocation policies more positively when there is congruency between the cognitive representation of the policy’s focal outcome and the spatial and Temporal Distance inherently present in the policy’s decision context (e.g., allocation decisions on a future policy). However, we hypothesize that this congruency effect can be overruled by a high vested interest mindset that is activated by an individual’s recent personal experience with a health care service provider. Since a high vested interest mindset increases the relevance of the allocation policy implementation for the individual because s/he perceives strong personal consequences, we propose that for consumers with recent experience the evaluation of an allocation policy that focuses on individual outcomes is higher than that of a policy that focuses on collective outcomes irrespective of the spatial and Temporal Distance in the decision context. Results of a hypothetical experiment among a representative sample of the general population confirm the congruency effects in the new domain of health care service allocation policies, and provide support for the proposed overruling effect of the activation of a high vested interest mindset by recent personal experience on spatial and Temporal Distance.
-
consumers evaluation of allocation policies for scarce health care services vested interest activation trumps spatial and Temporal Distance
Marketing Letters, 2012Co-Authors: Tim M Benning, Els Breugelmans, Benedict G C DellaertAbstract:The allocation of scarce health care service resources often requires trade-offs between individual and collective outcomes (e.g., when some individuals benefit more strongly from a given policy than others). Based on construal level theory, one would expect that consumers cognitively represent the individual and collective outcomes of an allocation policy at different levels of abstraction and that they evaluate allocation policies more positively when there is congruency between the cognitive representation of the policy’s focal outcome and the spatial and Temporal Distance inherently present in the policy’s decision context (e.g., allocation decisions on a future policy). However, we hypothesize that this congruency effect can be overruled by a high vested interest mindset that is activated by an individual’s recent personal experience with a health care service provider. Since a high vested interest mindset increases the relevance of the allocation policy implementation for the individual because s/he perceives strong personal consequences, we propose that for consumers with recent experience the evaluation of an allocation policy that focuses on individual outcomes is higher than that of a policy that focuses on collective outcomes irrespective of the spatial and Temporal Distance in the decision context. Results of a hypothetical experiment among a representative sample of the general population confirm the congruency effects in the new domain of health care service allocation policies, and provide support for the proposed overruling effect of the activation of a high vested interest mindset by recent personal experience on spatial and Temporal Distance.
-
consumers evaluation of allocation policies for scarce health care services vested interest activation trumps spatial and Temporal Distance
Social Science Research Network, 2011Co-Authors: Tim M Benning, Els Breugelmans, Benedict G C DellaertAbstract:The allocation of scarce health care service resources often requires trade-offs between individual and collective outcomes (e.g., when some individuals benefit more strongly from a given policy than others). Based on construal level theory, one would expect that consumers cognitively represent the individual and collective outcomes of an allocation policy at different levels of abstraction and that they evaluate allocation policies more positively when there is congruency between the cognitive representation of the policy’s focal outcome and the spatial and Temporal Distance inherently present in the policy’s decision context (e.g., allocation decisions on a future policy). However, we hypothesize that this congruency effect can be overruled by a high vested interest mindset that is activated by an individual’s recent personal experience with a health care service provider. Since a high vested interest mindset increases the relevance of the allocation policy implementation for the individual because s/he perceives strong personal consequences, we propose that for consumers with recent experience the evaluation of an allocation policy that focuses on individual outcomes is higher than that of a policy that focuses on collective outcomes irrespective of the spatial and Temporal Distance in the decision context. Results of a hypothetical experiment amongst a representative sample of the general population provide support for the proposed overruling effect of the activation of a high vested interest mindset by recent personal experience on spatial and Temporal Distance.
Els Breugelmans - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
consumers evaluation of allocation policies for scarce health care services vested interest activation trumps spatial and Temporal Distance
ERIM Top-Core Articles, 2012Co-Authors: Tim M Benning, Els Breugelmans, Benedict G C DellaertAbstract:textabstractThe allocation of scarce health care service resources often requires trade-offs between individual and collective outcomes (e.g., when some individuals benefit more strongly from a given policy than others). Based on construal level theory, one would expect that consumers cognitively represent the individual and collective outcomes of an allocation policy at different levels of abstraction and that they evaluate allocation policies more positively when there is congruency between the cognitive representation of the policy’s focal outcome and the spatial and Temporal Distance inherently present in the policy’s decision context (e.g., allocation decisions on a future policy). However, we hypothesize that this congruency effect can be overruled by a high vested interest mindset that is activated by an individual’s recent personal experience with a health care service provider. Since a high vested interest mindset increases the relevance of the allocation policy implementation for the individual because s/he perceives strong personal consequences, we propose that for consumers with recent experience the evaluation of an allocation policy that focuses on individual outcomes is higher than that of a policy that focuses on collective outcomes irrespective of the spatial and Temporal Distance in the decision context. Results of a hypothetical experiment among a representative sample of the general population confirm the congruency effects in the new domain of health care service allocation policies, and provide support for the proposed overruling effect of the activation of a high vested interest mindset by recent personal experience on spatial and Temporal Distance.
-
consumers evaluation of allocation policies for scarce health care services vested interest activation trumps spatial and Temporal Distance
Marketing Letters, 2012Co-Authors: Tim M Benning, Els Breugelmans, Benedict G C DellaertAbstract:The allocation of scarce health care service resources often requires trade-offs between individual and collective outcomes (e.g., when some individuals benefit more strongly from a given policy than others). Based on construal level theory, one would expect that consumers cognitively represent the individual and collective outcomes of an allocation policy at different levels of abstraction and that they evaluate allocation policies more positively when there is congruency between the cognitive representation of the policy’s focal outcome and the spatial and Temporal Distance inherently present in the policy’s decision context (e.g., allocation decisions on a future policy). However, we hypothesize that this congruency effect can be overruled by a high vested interest mindset that is activated by an individual’s recent personal experience with a health care service provider. Since a high vested interest mindset increases the relevance of the allocation policy implementation for the individual because s/he perceives strong personal consequences, we propose that for consumers with recent experience the evaluation of an allocation policy that focuses on individual outcomes is higher than that of a policy that focuses on collective outcomes irrespective of the spatial and Temporal Distance in the decision context. Results of a hypothetical experiment among a representative sample of the general population confirm the congruency effects in the new domain of health care service allocation policies, and provide support for the proposed overruling effect of the activation of a high vested interest mindset by recent personal experience on spatial and Temporal Distance.
-
consumers evaluation of allocation policies for scarce health care services vested interest activation trumps spatial and Temporal Distance
Social Science Research Network, 2011Co-Authors: Tim M Benning, Els Breugelmans, Benedict G C DellaertAbstract:The allocation of scarce health care service resources often requires trade-offs between individual and collective outcomes (e.g., when some individuals benefit more strongly from a given policy than others). Based on construal level theory, one would expect that consumers cognitively represent the individual and collective outcomes of an allocation policy at different levels of abstraction and that they evaluate allocation policies more positively when there is congruency between the cognitive representation of the policy’s focal outcome and the spatial and Temporal Distance inherently present in the policy’s decision context (e.g., allocation decisions on a future policy). However, we hypothesize that this congruency effect can be overruled by a high vested interest mindset that is activated by an individual’s recent personal experience with a health care service provider. Since a high vested interest mindset increases the relevance of the allocation policy implementation for the individual because s/he perceives strong personal consequences, we propose that for consumers with recent experience the evaluation of an allocation policy that focuses on individual outcomes is higher than that of a policy that focuses on collective outcomes irrespective of the spatial and Temporal Distance in the decision context. Results of a hypothetical experiment amongst a representative sample of the general population provide support for the proposed overruling effect of the activation of a high vested interest mindset by recent personal experience on spatial and Temporal Distance.
-
consumer acceptance of recommendations by interactive decision aids the joint role of Temporal Distance and concrete versus abstract communications
The Missouri Review, 2011Co-Authors: Clemens Kohler, Els Breugelmans, Benedict G C DellaertAbstract:Interactive decision aids (IDAs) typically use concrete, feature-based approaches to interact with consumers. Recently, however, interaction designs that focus on communicating abstract consumer needs have been suggested as a promising alternative. This paper investigates how Temporal Distance moderates the effectiveness of these two competing IDA communication designs by its effect on consumers' mental representation of the product decision problem. Temporal Distance is inherently connected to IDAs in two ways. Congruency between consumption timing (immediate versus distant) and IDA communication design (concrete versus abstract, respectively) increases the likelihood to accept the IDA's advice. This effect is also achieved by congruency between IDA process timing (immediate versus delayed delivery of recommendations) and IDA communication design (concrete versus abstract, respectively). We further show that this process is mediated by the perceived transparency of the IDA process. Managers and researchers need to take into account the importance of congruency between the user and the interface through which companies interact with their users and can further optimize IDAs so that they better match consumers' mental representations.
