Cyclospora cayetanensis

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A M Polderman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Ynés R. Ortega - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • mitochondrial genome sequence variation as a useful marker for assessing genetic heterogeneity among Cyclospora cayetanensis isolates and source tracking
    Parasites & Vectors, 2019
    Co-Authors: Yaqiong Guo, Ynés R. Ortega, Longxian Zhang, Yuanfei Wang, Xiaolan Wang, Yaoyu Feng
    Abstract:

    Background Cyclospora cayetanensis is an important enteric pathogen, causing diarrhea and food-borne cyclosporiasis outbreaks. For effective outbreak identification and investigation, it is essential to rapidly assess the genetic heterogeneity of C. cayetanensis specimens from cluster cases and identify the likely occurrence of outbreaks.

  • population genetic characterization of Cyclospora cayetanensis from discrete geographical regions
    Experimental Parasitology, 2017
    Co-Authors: Ynés R. Ortega, Longxian Zhang, Yaoyu Feng, Yaqiong Guo, Dawn M. Roellig, Lihua Xiao
    Abstract:

    Abstract Cyclospora cayetanensis is an emerging pathogen that is endemic in developing countries and responsible for many large foodborne cyclosporiasis outbreaks in North America since 1990s. Because of the lack of typing targets, the genetic diversity and population genetics of C. cayetanensis have not been investigated. In this study, we undertook a population genetic analysis of multilocus sequence typing data we recently collected from 64 C. cayetanensis specimens. Despite the extensive genetic heterogeneity in the overall C. cayetanensis population, there were significant intra- and inter-genic linkage disequilibria (LD). A disappearance of LD was observed when only multilocus genotypes were included in the population genetic analysis, indicative of an epidemic nature of C. cayetanensis. Geographical segregation-associated sub-structuring was observed between specimens from China and those from Peru and the United States. The two subpopulations had reduced LD, indicating the likely occurrence of genetic exchange among isolates in endemic areas. Further analyses of specimens from other geographical regions are necessary to fully understand the population genetics of C. cayetanensis.

  • Introduction to Cyclospora cayetanensis : The Parasite and the Disease
    SpringerBriefs in Food Health and Nutrition, 2017
    Co-Authors: Ynés R. Ortega, Lucy J. Robertson
    Abstract:

    Cyclospora cayetanensis is a coccidian parasite that infects humans and causes gastrointestinal illness. Initially considered an agent of travelers’ diarrhea, it has now been identified in individuals residing in non-endemic locations and without travel history. These individuals had often consumed fresh fruits and/or other fresh produce that had been imported from endemic locations. Cyclospora has different characteristics than those of other intestinal protozoan parasites that infect humans. Unlike the protozoan parasites Cryptosporidium and Giardia, which are immediately infectious upon excretion, Cyclospora requires a prolonged sporulation time to fully differentiate and become infectious. Additionally, C. cayetanensis seems to be host-specific and exclusively infectious to humans. The infection occurs in endemic populations at specific months of the year; the environmental conditions required for this seasonality have not been determined. Finally, as with many parasites, Cyclospora seems to be highly resistant to chemical disinfection, although it can effectively killed by heating and prolonged freezing. Throughout this chapter we will review the basic biological characteristics of Cyclospora, and mention some other challenges associated with this parasite that are expanded upon in the other chapters.

  • Multilocus Sequence Typing Tool for Cyclospora cayetanensis.
    Emerging infectious diseases, 2016
    Co-Authors: Yaqiong Guo, Ynés R. Ortega, Yaoyu Feng, Kevin Tang, Dawn M. Roellig, Michael Frace, Michael J Arrowood, Yvonne Qvarnstrom, Lin Wang
    Abstract:

    Because the lack of typing tools for Cyclospora cayetanensis has hampered outbreak investigations, we sequenced its genome and developed a genotyping tool. We observed 2 to 10 geographically segregated sequence types at each of 5 selected loci. This new tool could be useful for case linkage and infection/contamination source tracking.

  • Cyclospora cayetanensis in a Pediatric Hospital in Morelia, Mexico
    The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2014
    Co-Authors: Guadalupe E. Orozco-mosqueda, Orlando A. Martínez-loya, Ynés R. Ortega
    Abstract:

    Cyclospora cayetanensis, a coccidian parasite, can cause gastrointestinal illness in humans and is characterized by watery and persistent diarrhea and abdominal pain. Cyclosporiasis has been associated with traveler's diarrhea. The infection is acquired through food and waterborne transmission, particularly by consumption of contaminated fresh fruits and vegetables. In the present study, stool samples from 8,877 children were examined for ova and parasites at the Pediatric Hospital of Morelia in Michoacán, Mexico, during 2000-2009. Sixty children (0.67%) had Cyclospora in their stools. Diarrhea (45.8%), abdominal pain (39.6%), and vomiting (18.8%) were the most frequent symptoms of cases with cyclosporiasis. Most of the cases (93.3%) were observed during June-August, the rainy season. In 45 children, Cyclospora was the only parasitic pathogen detected (75%); 15 children were co-infected with commensal, pathogenic, or both groups of parasites. Our findings suggest that C. cayetanensis is endemic to Michoacán and shows characteristically temporal patterns.

H Alan D Lindquist - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • intragenomic sequence variation of the its 1 region within a single flow cytometry counted Cyclospora cayetanensis oocysts
    Journal of Parasitology, 2010
    Co-Authors: Diana K. Riner, Andrew S. Mullin, Sasha Y. Lucas, Tonya Nichols, John H. Cross, H Alan D Lindquist
    Abstract:

    Cyclospora cayetanensis, a protozoan of emerging concern, causes self-limiting gastroenteritis in immune-competent hosts. It has been established that sequence variability exists in the first internal transcribed spacer region (ITS-1) of the ribosomal DNA operon from collections of oocysts obtained from individual or pooled fecal samples. To determine if single oocysts also exhibited ITS-1 sequence variability, DNA was extracted from individually flow-cytometry-counted oocysts. We determined that ITS- 1 sequence variability exists at an individual-genome level for C. cayetanensis and approached or exceeded the variability exhibited among oocyst collections. ITS-1 variability, at the genome level, reduces this region's utility for inferring relationships between strains.

  • detection of Cyclospora cayetanensis using a quantitative real time pcr assay
    Journal of Microbiological Methods, 2003
    Co-Authors: Manju Varma, Jeff D Hester, Frank W Schaefer, Michael W Ware, H Alan D Lindquist
    Abstract:

    Abstract Cyclospora cayetanensis , a coccidian parasite, with a fecal–oral life cycle, has become recognized worldwide as an emerging human pathogen. Clinical manifestations include prolonged gastroenteritis. While most cases of infection with C. cayetanensis in the United States have been associated with foodborne transmission, waterborne transmission has also been implicated. We report on the development and application of a real-time, quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of C. cayetanensis oocysts, which is the first reported use of this technique for this organism. Both a species-specific primer set and dual fluorescent-labeled C. cayetanensis hybridization probe were designed using the inherent genetic uniqueness of the 18S ribosomal gene sequence of C. cayetanensis . The real-time polymerase chain reaction assay has been optimized to specifically detect the DNA from as few as 1 oocyst of C. cayetanensis per 5 μl reaction volume.

Longxian Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Cyclospora cayetanensis infection in humans biological characteristics clinical features epidemiology detection method and treatment
    Parasitology, 2020
    Co-Authors: Rongjun Wang, Lihua Xiao, Yuancai Chen, Longxian Zhang
    Abstract:

    Cyclospora cayetanensis, a coccidian parasite that causes protracted and relapsing gastroenteritis, has a short recorded history. At least 54 countries have documented C. cayetanensis infections and 13 of them have recorded cyclosporiasis outbreaks. Cyclospora cayetanensis infections are commonly reported in developing countries with low-socioeconomic levels or in endemic areas, although large outbreaks have also been documented in developed countries. The overall C. cayetanensis prevalence in humans worldwide is 3.55%. Among susceptible populations, the highest prevalence has been documented in immunocompetent individuals with diarrhea. Infections are markedly seasonal, occurring in the rainy season or summer. Cyclospora cayetanensis or Cyclospora-like organisms have also been detected in food, water, soil and some other animals. Detection methods based on oocyst morphology, staining and molecular testing have been developed. Treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) effectively cures C. cayetanensis infection, whereas ciprofloxacin is less effective than TMP-SMX, but is suitable for patients who cannot tolerate co-trimoxazole. Here, we review the biological characteristics, clinical features, epidemiology, detection methods and treatment of C. cayetanensis in humans, and assess some risk factors for infection with this pathogen.

  • mitochondrial genome sequence variation as a useful marker for assessing genetic heterogeneity among Cyclospora cayetanensis isolates and source tracking
    Parasites & Vectors, 2019
    Co-Authors: Yaqiong Guo, Ynés R. Ortega, Longxian Zhang, Yuanfei Wang, Xiaolan Wang, Yaoyu Feng
    Abstract:

    Background Cyclospora cayetanensis is an important enteric pathogen, causing diarrhea and food-borne cyclosporiasis outbreaks. For effective outbreak identification and investigation, it is essential to rapidly assess the genetic heterogeneity of C. cayetanensis specimens from cluster cases and identify the likely occurrence of outbreaks.

  • population genetic characterization of Cyclospora cayetanensis from discrete geographical regions
    Experimental Parasitology, 2017
    Co-Authors: Ynés R. Ortega, Longxian Zhang, Yaoyu Feng, Yaqiong Guo, Dawn M. Roellig, Lihua Xiao
    Abstract:

    Abstract Cyclospora cayetanensis is an emerging pathogen that is endemic in developing countries and responsible for many large foodborne cyclosporiasis outbreaks in North America since 1990s. Because of the lack of typing targets, the genetic diversity and population genetics of C. cayetanensis have not been investigated. In this study, we undertook a population genetic analysis of multilocus sequence typing data we recently collected from 64 C. cayetanensis specimens. Despite the extensive genetic heterogeneity in the overall C. cayetanensis population, there were significant intra- and inter-genic linkage disequilibria (LD). A disappearance of LD was observed when only multilocus genotypes were included in the population genetic analysis, indicative of an epidemic nature of C. cayetanensis. Geographical segregation-associated sub-structuring was observed between specimens from China and those from Peru and the United States. The two subpopulations had reduced LD, indicating the likely occurrence of genetic exchange among isolates in endemic areas. Further analyses of specimens from other geographical regions are necessary to fully understand the population genetics of C. cayetanensis.

  • comparative genomics reveals Cyclospora cayetanensis possesses coccidia like metabolism and invasion components but unique surface antigens
    BMC Genomics, 2016
    Co-Authors: Kevin Tang, Dawn M. Roellig, Michael Frace, Shiyou Liu, Michael J Arrowood, Lin Wang, Huajun Zheng, Delynn M Moss, Longxian Zhang
    Abstract:

    Background Cyclospora cayetanensis is an apicomplexan that causes diarrhea in humans. The investigation of foodborne outbreaks of cyclosporiasis has been hampered by a lack of genetic data and poor understanding of pathogen biology. In this study we sequenced the genome of C. cayetanensis and inferred its metabolism and invasion components based on comparative genomic analysis.

  • Genetic similarities between Cyclospora cayetanensis and cecum-infecting avian Eimeria spp. in apicoplast and mitochondrial genomes
    Parasites & vectors, 2015
    Co-Authors: Kevin Tang, Longxian Zhang, Yaoyu Feng, Yaqiong Guo, Lori A. Rowe, Dawn M. Roellig, Michael Frace, Shiyou Liu, Lihua Xiao
    Abstract:

    Background Cyclospora cayetanensis is an important cause for diarrhea in children in developing countries and foodborne outbreaks of cyclosporiasis in industrialized nations. To improve understanding of the basic biology of Cyclospora spp. and development of molecular diagnostic tools and therapeutics, we sequenced the complete apicoplast and mitochondrial genomes of C. cayetanensis.

Shiyou Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

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