The Experts below are selected from a list of 50178 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Tianjue Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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14 mev high intensity Cyclotrons two projects in progress
Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms, 2020Co-Authors: Xianlu Jia, Tianjue Zhang, Jianjun Yang, Feng Wang, Guofang Song, Fei Wang, Guang Yang, Richard R Johnson, Shigang Hou, Gaofeng PanAbstract:Abstract A 14 MeV high intensity compact cyclotron, CYCIAE-14, was built at China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE). In order to provide high quality proton beams for instant radiopharmaceutical distribution, and to produce a variety of radioactive ion beams taking use of the solid target, CYCIAE-14 adopts an injection system based on the external H- ion source, axial injection, and spiral inflector with a designed high beam intensity, while most PET Cyclotrons adopt internal ion source. With the different using for the cyclotron, there are two projects. One project with 200 μA/14 MeV can be used for isotope production of 11C, 15O, 13N and 18F. Another project with more than 400 μA with 14 MeV can be used for more isotopes produced such as 64Cu, 124I and 99mTc. This paper will introduce the cyclotron of CYCIAE-14 with the two projects, and some experiments finished on the cyclotron will also be given in the paper, for example the 18F and 89Zr production, BNCT test.
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application and development of a method to shim the isochronous field in small Cyclotrons
IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2016Co-Authors: Junqing Zhong, Tao Cui, Tianjue ZhangAbstract:Several small Cyclotrons have been constructed at CIAE to extract 14-MeV proton beam from 100 to 400 μA for various medical applications, e.g., isotope production. The magnet mapping and shimming for the isochronous field is commonly an iterative process, which is critical for a commercial cyclotron to save the manufacturing time and reduce the cost. A numerical method is established to get the isochronous field by cutting the shimming bars at both sides of the sector pole. The method has been employed to shim the magnet for two small Cyclotrons in CIAE. During the shimming process for the second cyclotron, this method has been developed to reduce the number of iterations and overall time for field mapping with the experience from the first cyclotron and accurate results of three-dimensional finite-element simulation. The shimming result shows that it satisfies the requirement of isochronism and focusing characteristics. In this paper, the development of the method is presented in detail, and the improvement for the shimming procedure is illustrated with the shimming data for the two small Cyclotrons.
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high performance computation on beam dynamics problems in high intensity compact Cyclotrons
Science China-physics Mechanics & Astronomy, 2011Co-Authors: Jianjun Yang, Tianjue Zhang, A Adelmann, Yuzheng Lin, Feng WangAbstract:This paper presents the research progress in the beam dynamics problems for future high intensity compact Cyclotrons by utilizing the state-of-the-art high performance computation technology. A “Start-to-Stop” model, which includes both the interaction of the internal particles of a single bunch and the mutual interaction of neighboring multiple bunches in the radial direction, is established for compact Cyclotrons with multi-turn extraction. This model is then implemented in OPAL-CYCL, which is a 3D object-oriented parallel code for large scale particle simulations in Cyclotrons. In addition, to meet the running requirement of parallel computation, we have constructed a small scale HPC cluster system and tested its performance. Finally, the high intensity beam dynamics problems in the 100 MeV compact cyclotron, which is being constructed at CIAE, are studied using this code and some conclusions are drawn.
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The cyclotron development activities at CIAE
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 2011Co-Authors: Tianjue Zhang, Zhiguo Yin, Jianjun Yang, Fang YangAbstract:Abstract The cyclotron has an obvious advantage in offering high average current and beam power. Cyclotron development for various applications, e.g. radioactive ion-beam (RIB) generation, clean nuclear energy systems, medical diagnostics and isotope production, were performed at China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE) for over 50 years. At the moment two Cyclotrons are being built at CIAE, the 100 MeV, CYCIAE-100, and a 14 MeV, the CYCIAE-14. Meanwhile, we are designing and proposing to build a number of Cyclotrons with different energies, among them are the CYCIAE-70, the CYCIAE-800, and the upgrading of CYCIAE-CRM, which is going to increase its beam current to mA level. The contribution will present an overall introduction to the cyclotron development activities conducted at CIAE, with different emphasis to each project in order to demonstrate the design and construction highlights.
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towards quantitative predictions of high power Cyclotrons
2010Co-Authors: A Adelmann, M. Seidel, Tianjue Zhang, W. Joho, M Humbel, R Dolling, J J Yang, C X TangAbstract:The large and complex structure of Cyclotrons poses great challenges in the precise simulation of high power beams. However, such simulation capabilities are mandatory in the design and operation of the next generation high power proton drivers. The powerful tool OPAL enables us to do large scale simulations including 3D space charge and particle matter interactions. We describe a large scale simulation effort, which leads to a better quantitative understanding of the existing PSI high power proton cyclotron facility and predicts the beam behaviour of CYCIAE-100 under construction at CIAE.
Michael J. Welch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Non-standard isotope production and applications at Washington University
AIP Conference Proceedings, 2001Co-Authors: Timothy J. Mccarthy, Deborah W. Mccarthy, Richard Laforest, Heather M. Bigott, Frank Wüst, David E. Reichert, Michael R. Lewis, Michael J. WelchAbstract:The positron emitting radionuclides, oxygen-15, nitrogen-13, carbon-11, and fluorine-18 have been produced at Washington University for many years utilizing two biomedical Cyclotrons; a Cyclotron Corporation CS15 and a Japan Steel Works 16/8 cyclotron. In recent years we have become interested in the production of non-standard PET isotopes. We were initially interested in copper-64 production using the 64Ni(p,n)64Cu nuclear reaction, but now apply this technique to other positron emitting copper isotopes, copper-60 and copper-61. Copper-64 is being produced routinely and made available to other institutions. In 1999 over ten Curies of copper-64 were produced, making copper available to thirteen institutions, as well as research groups at Washington University. We are currently developing methods for the routine productions of other PET radioisotopes of interest, these include; bromine-76, bromine-77, iodine-124, gallium-66, and technetium-94m.
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The state of positron emitting radionuclide production in 1997
Seminars in nuclear medicine, 1998Co-Authors: Timothy J. Mccarthy, Michael J. WelchAbstract:Thirty years ago Michel M. Ter-Pogossian and Henry N. Wagner, Jr. wrote an article that was published in Nucleonics on the cyclotron production of isotopes for biomedical research. In this report we use the Nucleonics paper as the framework to relate their predictions to the current state of the art, we have broken this into four key areas; commercially available Cyclotrons, costs of operating cyclotron facilities, the emergence of compact accelerators, and the cyclotron production of long-lived radionuclides for therapeutic applications. Companies producing Cyclotrons commercially are; General Electric Medical Systems, CTI Cyclotron Systems, EBCO, IBA, NNK/Oxford Instruments, and Japan Steel Works. The majority of these machines are now negative ion systems, which allows the option of dual irradiation of two targets. All have a modular design, which allows the system to be customed to a particular facility's need. Cyclotron facility costs have increased dramatically since 1966. We have determined that the bulk of the increase lies in the costs to establish and staff the facility. Increased regulation by Federal and State organizations has severely impacted operational expenses. The growing demand for PET radiopharmaceuticals in the clinical arena has increased the staffing requirements of the facility. Surprisingly, the costs of Cyclotrons have not increased (in terms of real dollars) especially when one considers the much greater sophistication in target design, automation, and computer control that has occured during this time. Innovative approaches are being taken to develop low energy accelerators that are capable of producing PET isotopes. These are easier to operate and less expensive than commercially available Cyclotrons. Although many of these systems have been developed, none have as yet gained commercial recognition. A number of groups have begun to address the production of longer lived isotopes on biomedical Cyclotrons. Development of this technology may well help to further progress in targeted radiotherapy. We present an overview of potentially useful isotopes.
P Scampoli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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low current performance of the bern medical cyclotron down to the pa range
Measurement Science and Technology, 2015Co-Authors: M Auger, S Braccini, A Ereditato, Konrad Pawel Nesteruk, P ScampoliAbstract:A medical cyclotron accelerating H− ions to 18 MeV is in operation at the Bern University Hospital (Inselspital). It is the commercial IBA 18/18 cyclotron equipped with a specifically conceived 6 m long external beam line ending in a separate bunker. This feature is unique for a hospital-based facility and makes it possible to conduct routine radioisotope production for PET diagnostics in parallel with multidisciplinary research activities, among which are novel particle detectors, radiation biophysics, radioprotection, radiochemistry and radiopharmacy developments. Several of these activities, such as radiobiology experiments for example, require low current beams down to the pA range, while medical Cyclotrons are designed for high current operation above 10 μA. In this paper, we present the first results on the low current performance of a PET medical cyclotron obtained by ion source, radio-frequency and main coil tuning. With this method, stable beam currents down to () pA were obtained and measured with a high-sensitivity Faraday cup located at the end of the beam transport line.
Timothy J. Mccarthy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Non-standard isotope production and applications at Washington University
AIP Conference Proceedings, 2001Co-Authors: Timothy J. Mccarthy, Deborah W. Mccarthy, Richard Laforest, Heather M. Bigott, Frank Wüst, David E. Reichert, Michael R. Lewis, Michael J. WelchAbstract:The positron emitting radionuclides, oxygen-15, nitrogen-13, carbon-11, and fluorine-18 have been produced at Washington University for many years utilizing two biomedical Cyclotrons; a Cyclotron Corporation CS15 and a Japan Steel Works 16/8 cyclotron. In recent years we have become interested in the production of non-standard PET isotopes. We were initially interested in copper-64 production using the 64Ni(p,n)64Cu nuclear reaction, but now apply this technique to other positron emitting copper isotopes, copper-60 and copper-61. Copper-64 is being produced routinely and made available to other institutions. In 1999 over ten Curies of copper-64 were produced, making copper available to thirteen institutions, as well as research groups at Washington University. We are currently developing methods for the routine productions of other PET radioisotopes of interest, these include; bromine-76, bromine-77, iodine-124, gallium-66, and technetium-94m.
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The state of positron emitting radionuclide production in 1997
Seminars in nuclear medicine, 1998Co-Authors: Timothy J. Mccarthy, Michael J. WelchAbstract:Thirty years ago Michel M. Ter-Pogossian and Henry N. Wagner, Jr. wrote an article that was published in Nucleonics on the cyclotron production of isotopes for biomedical research. In this report we use the Nucleonics paper as the framework to relate their predictions to the current state of the art, we have broken this into four key areas; commercially available Cyclotrons, costs of operating cyclotron facilities, the emergence of compact accelerators, and the cyclotron production of long-lived radionuclides for therapeutic applications. Companies producing Cyclotrons commercially are; General Electric Medical Systems, CTI Cyclotron Systems, EBCO, IBA, NNK/Oxford Instruments, and Japan Steel Works. The majority of these machines are now negative ion systems, which allows the option of dual irradiation of two targets. All have a modular design, which allows the system to be customed to a particular facility's need. Cyclotron facility costs have increased dramatically since 1966. We have determined that the bulk of the increase lies in the costs to establish and staff the facility. Increased regulation by Federal and State organizations has severely impacted operational expenses. The growing demand for PET radiopharmaceuticals in the clinical arena has increased the staffing requirements of the facility. Surprisingly, the costs of Cyclotrons have not increased (in terms of real dollars) especially when one considers the much greater sophistication in target design, automation, and computer control that has occured during this time. Innovative approaches are being taken to develop low energy accelerators that are capable of producing PET isotopes. These are easier to operate and less expensive than commercially available Cyclotrons. Although many of these systems have been developed, none have as yet gained commercial recognition. A number of groups have begun to address the production of longer lived isotopes on biomedical Cyclotrons. Development of this technology may well help to further progress in targeted radiotherapy. We present an overview of potentially useful isotopes.
M K Craddock - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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CYCLOTRON AND FFAG STUDIES USING CYCLOTRON CODES
2010Co-Authors: M K Craddock, Y.-n. RaoAbstract:This paper describes the use of cyclotron codes to study the beam dynamics of both high-energy isochronous Cyclotrons using AG focusing and non- scaling (NS) FFAGs. The equilibrium orbit code CYCLOPS determines orbits, tunes and period at fixed energies, while the general orbit code GOBLIN tracks a representative bunch of particles through the acceleration process. The results for radial-sector Cyclotrons show that the use of negative valley fields allows axial focusing to be maintained, and hence intense cw beams to be accelerated, to energies >5 GeV. The results for FFAGs confirm those obtained with lumped-element codes, and suggest that cyclotron codes will prove to be important tools for evaluating the measured fields of FFAG magnets.
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eighty years of Cyclotrons
2010Co-Authors: M K CraddockAbstract:Lawrence's invention of the cyclotron in 1930 not only revolutionized nuclear physics, but proved the starting point for a whole variety of recirculating accelerators, from microtrons to FFAGs to synchrotrons, that have had an enormous impact in almost every branch of science and several areas of medicine and industry. Cyclotrons (i.e. fixed-field accelerators) themselves have proved remarkably adaptable, incorporating a variety of new ideas and technologies over the years: frequency modulation, edge focusing, AG focusing, axial and azimuthal injection, ring geometries, stripping extraction, superconducting magnets and rf... Long may they flourish!
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Cyclotrons and their applications proceedings of the 13th international conference vancouver 1992 vancouver canada july 6 10 1992
1993Co-Authors: G Dutto, M K CraddockAbstract:RCNP ring cyclotron, Osaka, I. Miura the Dubna U400M system, R.Ts. Oganessian CELSIUS, D. Reistad polarized sources for Cyclotrons, P.W. Schmor differential algebra for orbit codes, W.G. Davies diagnostics in storage rings, T.J.P. Ellison advances on RF technology for Cyclotrons, C. Pagani TRITRON RF and magnet commissioning, U. Trinks radioactive beam accelerator review, J.M. Nitschke commercially available compact cylcotrons, V. Bechtold radioisotopes in nuclear medicine, H.N. Wagner clinical advances in proton therapy, H. Suit future Cyclotrons, H.G. Blosser.
