Dam Failure

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The Experts below are selected from a list of 9561 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Maurice L. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Pieter Van Gelder - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • interval analysis of the loss of life caused by Dam Failure
    Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 2021
    Co-Authors: Xiuwei Wang, Hexiang Zhang, Xinyan Guo, Te Wang, Weixing Gao, Chaoning Lin, Pieter Van Gelder
    Abstract:

    AbstractBoth hydrodynamic factors and social factors have large impacts on the loss of life caused by Dam Failure. Relatively large uncertainty intervals of the influencing factors lead to changes ...

  • an innovative methodology for establishing societal life risk criteria for Dams a case study to reservoir Dam Failure events in china
    International journal of disaster risk reduction, 2020
    Co-Authors: Yupan Qin, Hexiang Zhang, Xinyan Guo, Weixing Gao, Ziyuan Song, Pieter Van Gelder
    Abstract:

    Abstract Because of the uncertainty regarding the potential loss of life, it is difficult to use societal life risk criteria for Dams established based on existing methods and the related research. Based on existing Dam safety standards, Dam safety conditions, and the opinions of the public on Dam risks, an innovative methodology, i.e. P–P curve, was proposed to establish societal life risk criteria for Dams. The annual probability of Dam Failure, population at risk, and Dam height, which have the most significant and direct impacts on the potential loss of life, were selected as the basic indices. Taking China as an example, societal life risk criteria for the Dams of five types of reservoirs were established; in these criteria, the heights of 30 m and 70 m were proposed as the bases for upgrading the risk criteria for the Dams of small-type reservoirs, medium-type and large (2)-type reservoirs, respectively. The proposed methodology was designed to be more practical in determining the risk levels for Dams because the values of the basic indices are considerably easier to determine than those of risk criteria based on the existing methods.

  • predicting peak breach discharge due to embankment Dam Failure
    Journal of Hydroinformatics, 2013
    Co-Authors: Jasna Duricic, Tarkan Erdik, Pieter Van Gelder
    Abstract:

    Predicting peak breach discharge due to embankment Dam Failure is of vital importance for Dam Failure prevention and mitigation. Because, when Dams fail, property Damage is certain, but loss of life can vary depending on flood area and population. Many parametric breach models based on regression techniques have been developed so far. In this study, an efficient model is proposed to forecast peak discharge from the height of the water and volume of water behind the Dam at Failure, respectively, by using the Kriging approach. The previous studies, which consist of 13 numerical models, are used as a benchmark for testing the proposed new model, by employing five different error criteria. Moreover, a new database is compiled by extending the previous one. In addition, it is demonstrated that R 2 , which only quantifies the dispersion between measurements and predictions, should not be considered alone for checking the model capabilities. At least, the other criteria should be employed together with R 2 . As a result, it is shown that one can forecast the peak flow discharge with more significant accuracy by the proposed model than other previous models developed so far.

Jiang Xiangang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • formation conditions of outburst debris flow triggered by overtopped natural Dam Failure
    Landslides, 2017
    Co-Authors: Jiang Xiangang, Cui Peng, Chen Huayong, Guo Yayong
    Abstract:

    Natural Dams formed by landslides may produce disastrous debris flows after Dam outburst. However, studies on the critical conditions required for the formation of outburst debris flow resulting from natural Dam Failure are still at an early stage. In this paper, we present the results of a series of laboratory tests that assessed three different materials, five different flume bed slope angles (2°, 7°, 9°, 10°, and 13°), two in-flow rates, and four types of Dam geometric shapes. The results showed that the unit weight of downstream fluid increased with increasing bed channel slope. Additionally, a critical flume bed angle was found for debris flow formation. Furthermore, the combination of lake volume and flume bed angle was found to influence the formation of debris flow. A nonlinear trend was observed between the unit weights of debris flow and the uniformity coefficients of solid material. Based on the theory of stream power, a critical condition for debris flow formation from natural Dam Failure was established. Based on two case studies, the results indicate that the condition that was established for debris flow formation following natural Dam Failure agrees well with reality.

Antonio Gens - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • aznalcollar Dam Failure part 2 stability conditions and Failure mechanism
    Geotechnique, 2006
    Co-Authors: Antonio Gens, Eduardo Alonso
    Abstract:

    An analysis of the conditions that led to the Failure of the Aznalcollar Dam is made in the paper. Pore water pressures prevailing in the foundation clay at the time of the Failure have been established on the basis of piezometric observations made after the Failure. A simplified consolidation analysis is first presented to interpret pore water pressure generation and dissipation and to evaluate the evolution of shear stresses along the potential Failure plane. Both limit equilibrium and finite element analysis are used to back-analyse the Failure and to derive representative strength parameters along the Failure surface. Three-dimensional effects introduced by the layered nature of the foundation clay are then described. They provide an explanation for the location of the slide, which affected only the south-eastern portion of the embankment. The Failure is examined in the final part of the paper from the perspective offered by the current knowledge of the strength behaviour of brittle clays. The signifi...

  • aznalcollar Dam Failure part 3 dynamics of the motion
    Geotechnique, 2006
    Co-Authors: Eduardo Alonso, Antonio Gens
    Abstract:

    The motion of the Aznalcollar Dam slide, after the initiation of the Failure, is examined in the paper. The moving mass remained essentially rigid, and Newton's second law provides the basic equation to determine the resulting Dam displacement, velocity and acceleration. Resisting forces have been derived from a previous analysis of the conditions leading to Failure. Pore water pressures induced by the forward motion of the Dam are approximated as an undrained loading of the clay. Driving forces and their evolution in time derive from the liquefaction of tailings and the condition of constant volume of liquefied tailings pushing the moving Dam forward. The stable ‘cliff’ left by the motion inside the tailings lagoon supports this hypothesis. The model is able to reproduce closely the distance travelled by the Dam. It shows a low sensitivity with respect to reasonable changes of the main parameters. The model computes that the slide motion lasted about 15 s, and that the maximum acceleration experienced by...

  • aznalcollar Dam Failure part 1 field observations and material properties
    Geotechnique, 2006
    Co-Authors: Eduardo Alonso, Antonio Gens
    Abstract:

    The paper describes the Failure of Aznalcollar Dam, in southern Spain, in April 1998. The rockfill Dam slid forward and released a flow of acid-saturated tailings. The geology and geomorphology of the site are described. The results of a detailed laboratory testing programme on the tailings material and on the overconsolidated high-plasticity foundation clay are given. Special attention is paid to the identification of cementation of the tailings and to the strength and consolidation properties of the foundation clay. Failure features are interpreted on the basis of the field evidence, taking into account the measured geotechnical properties of the materials involved.

Gens Antonio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Aznalcóllar Dam Failure. Part 2: stability conditions and Failure mechanisms
    2020
    Co-Authors: Gens Antonio, Alonso Eduardo
    Abstract:

    An analysis of the conditions that led to the Failure of the Aznalcóllar Dam is made in the paper. Pore water pressures prevailing in the foundation clay at the time of the Failure have been established on the basis of piezometric observations made after the Failure. A simplified consolidation analysis is first presented to interpret pore water pressure generation and dissipation and to evaluate the evolution of shear stresses along the potential Failure plane. Both limit equilibrium and finite element analysis are used to back-analyse the Failure and to derive representative strength parameters along the Failure surface. Three-dimensional effects introduced by the layered nature of the foundation clay are then described. They provide an explanation for the location of the slide, which affected only the south-eastern portion of the embankment. The Failure is examined in the final part of the paper from the perspective offered by the current knowledge of the strength behaviour of brittle clays. The significance of progressive Failure is discussed, together with other factors that played a significant role in this case: the homogeneous nature and very low permeability of the foundation clay and the natural state of the clay, probably affected by some initial Damage, which reduced the available strength along bedding planes

  • Aznalcóllar Dam Failure. Part 3: dynamics of the motion
    2020
    Co-Authors: Alonso Eduardo, Gens Antonio
    Abstract:

    The motion of the Aznalcóllar Dam slide, after the initiation of the Failure, is examined in the paper. The moving mass remained essentially rigid, and Newton's second law provides the basic equation to determine the resulting Dam displacement, velocity and acceleration. Resisting forces have been derived from a previous analysis of the conditions leading to Failure. Pore water pressures induced by the forward motion of the Dam are approximated as an undrained loading of the clay. Driving forces and their evolution in time derive from the liquefaction of tailings and the condition of constant volume of liquefied tailings pushing the moving Dam forward. The stable ‘cliff’ left by the motion inside the tailings lagoon supports this hypothesis. The model is able to reproduce closely the distance travelled by the Dam. It shows a low sensitivity with respect to reasonable changes of the main parameters. The model computes that the slide motion lasted about 15 s, and that the maximum acceleration experienced by the Dam was 0·14g

  • Aznalcóllar Dam Failure. Part 1: field observations and material properties
    2020
    Co-Authors: Alonso Eduardo, Gens Antonio
    Abstract:

    The paper describes the Failure of Aznalcóllar Dam, in southern Spain, in April 1998. The rockfill Dam slid forward and released a flow of acid-saturated tailings. The geology and geomorphology of the site are described. The results of a detailed laboratory testing programme on the tailings material and on the overconsolidated high-plasticity foundation clay are given. Special attention is paid to the identification of cementation of the tailings and to the strength and consolidation properties of the foundation clay. Failure features are interpreted on the basis of the field evidence, taking into account the measured geotechnical properties of the materials involved

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