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Senhu Lin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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role of bitumen and nsos during the Decomposition Process of a lacustrine type ii kerogen in semi open pyrolysis system
Fuel, 2020Co-Authors: Lianhua Hou, Jinzhong Liu, Xia Luo, Shizhen Tao, Ping Guan, Senhu LinAbstract:Abstract The purpose of this work is to investigate the generation characteristics of bitumen, NSO compounds, oil, and HC compounds during the artificial maturation of a lacustrine Type-II kerogen (which has not been given enough attention before) in order to determine its Decomposition Process. The analysis is based on the data itself, on the premise of jumping out of the generally accepted sequential reaction model. By taking the kerogen of the Chang 7 shale as an example, seven parallel experiments, in the temperature range from 300 °C to 420 °C were conducted on newly designed temperature-based semi-open pyrolysis system. The overall products are classified into oil and bitumen according to their phase, the C15+ fractions are classified into C15+sat, C15+aro and NSOs based on chemical compositions, and the NSOs are further classified into n-pentane NSOs and DCM NSOs according to Behar et al., (2008) and (2010). Results show that large proportion of oil is not merely a result of thermal cracking of bitumen, but also directly from the Decomposition of kerogen itself. Both C15+sat and C15+aro are generated as soon as kerogen starts to decompose. It is not until the initial productivity of kerogen is basically exhausted that NSOs become the main precursor of hydrocarbons. The comparison with Behar et al. [2008, organic geochemistry 39, 1–22] further reveals that, for Chang 7 kerogen, initial Decomposition of kerogen generates much more HCs than DCM NSOs. These results contradict the sequential reaction model described as: kerogen → bitumen → oil or kerogen → NSOs → hydrocarbons. Instead, they confirm the “alternate pathway” mechanism proposed by Burnham et al. [ACS symposium, 1989] in which hydrocarbons can be formed immediately from kerogen in parallel with NSOs and the formation of the two species are controlled by bond-breaking reactions that are independent of each other. This study adds geochemical insights into the Decomposition mechanism of lacustrine Type-II kerogen.
Eva Cuypers - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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RESEARCH ARTICLE The Search for a Volatile Human Specific Marker in the Decomposition Process
2016Co-Authors: E. Rosier, S. Loix, Wim Develter, W. Van De Voorde, Jan Tytgat, Eva CuypersAbstract:In this study, a validated method using a thermal desorber combined with a gas chromato-graph coupled to mass spectrometry was used to identify the volatile organic compounds released during Decomposition of 6 human and 26 animal remains in a laboratory environ-ment during a period of 6 months. 452 compounds were identified. Among them a human specific marker was sought using principle component analysis. We found a combination of 8 compounds (ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, propyl butyrate, ethyl pentanoate, pyri-dine, diethyl disulfide, methyl(methylthio)ethyl disulfide and 3-methylthio-1-propanol) that led to the distinction of human and pig remains from other animal remains. Furthermore, it was possible to separate the pig remains from human remains based on 5 esters (3-methyl-butyl pentanoate, 3-methylbutyl 3-methylbutyrate, 3-methylbutyl 2-methylbutyrate, butyl pentanoate and propyl hexanoate). Further research in the field with full bodies has to cor-roborate these results and search for one or more human specific markers. These markers would allow a more efficiently training of cadaver dogs or portable detection devices could be developed
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The Search for a Volatile Human Specific Marker in the Decomposition Process.
PloS one, 2015Co-Authors: E. Rosier, S. Loix, Wim Develter, W. Van De Voorde, Jan Tytgat, Eva CuypersAbstract:In this study, a validated method using a thermal desorber combined with a gas chromatograph coupled to mass spectrometry was used to identify the volatile organic compounds released during Decomposition of 6 human and 26 animal remains in a laboratory environment during a period of 6 months. 452 compounds were identified. Among them a human specific marker was sought using principle component analysis. We found a combination of 8 compounds (ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, propyl butyrate, ethyl pentanoate, pyridine, diethyl disulfide, methyl(methylthio)ethyl disulfide and 3-methylthio-1-propanol) that led to the distinction of human and pig remains from other animal remains. Furthermore, it was possible to separate the pig remains from human remains based on 5 esters (3-methylbutyl pentanoate, 3-methylbutyl 3-methylbutyrate, 3-methylbutyl 2-methylbutyrate, butyl pentanoate and propyl hexanoate). Further research in the field with full bodies has to corroborate these results and search for one or more human specific markers. These markers would allow a more efficiently training of cadaver dogs or portable detection devices could be developed.
Weiliang Cao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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thermal Decomposition Process of silver behenate
Thermochimica Acta, 2006Co-Authors: Xianhao Liu, Jingchang Zhang, Weiliang CaoAbstract:Abstract The thermal Decomposition Processes of silver behenate have been studied by infrared spectroscopy (IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), combined thermogravimetry–differential thermal analysis–mass spectrometry (TG-DTA-MS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV–vis spectroscopy. The TG-DTA and the higher temperature IR and XRD measurements indicated that complicated structural changes took place while heating silver behenate, but there were two distinct thermal transitions. During the first transition at 138 °C, the alkyl chains of silver behenate were transformed from an ordered into a disordered state. During the second transition at about 231 °C, a structural change took place for silver behenate, which was the Decomposition of silver behenate. The major products of the thermal Decomposition of silver behenate were metallic silver and behenic acid. Upon heating up to 500 °C, the final product of the thermal Decomposition was metallic silver. The combined TG-MS analysis showed that the gas products of the thermal Decomposition of silver behenate were carbon dioxide, water, hydrogen, acetylene and some small molecule alkenes. TEM and UV–vis spectroscopy were used to investigate the Process of the formation and growth of metallic silver nanoparticles.
Lianhua Hou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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role of bitumen and nsos during the Decomposition Process of a lacustrine type ii kerogen in semi open pyrolysis system
Fuel, 2020Co-Authors: Lianhua Hou, Jinzhong Liu, Xia Luo, Shizhen Tao, Ping Guan, Senhu LinAbstract:Abstract The purpose of this work is to investigate the generation characteristics of bitumen, NSO compounds, oil, and HC compounds during the artificial maturation of a lacustrine Type-II kerogen (which has not been given enough attention before) in order to determine its Decomposition Process. The analysis is based on the data itself, on the premise of jumping out of the generally accepted sequential reaction model. By taking the kerogen of the Chang 7 shale as an example, seven parallel experiments, in the temperature range from 300 °C to 420 °C were conducted on newly designed temperature-based semi-open pyrolysis system. The overall products are classified into oil and bitumen according to their phase, the C15+ fractions are classified into C15+sat, C15+aro and NSOs based on chemical compositions, and the NSOs are further classified into n-pentane NSOs and DCM NSOs according to Behar et al., (2008) and (2010). Results show that large proportion of oil is not merely a result of thermal cracking of bitumen, but also directly from the Decomposition of kerogen itself. Both C15+sat and C15+aro are generated as soon as kerogen starts to decompose. It is not until the initial productivity of kerogen is basically exhausted that NSOs become the main precursor of hydrocarbons. The comparison with Behar et al. [2008, organic geochemistry 39, 1–22] further reveals that, for Chang 7 kerogen, initial Decomposition of kerogen generates much more HCs than DCM NSOs. These results contradict the sequential reaction model described as: kerogen → bitumen → oil or kerogen → NSOs → hydrocarbons. Instead, they confirm the “alternate pathway” mechanism proposed by Burnham et al. [ACS symposium, 1989] in which hydrocarbons can be formed immediately from kerogen in parallel with NSOs and the formation of the two species are controlled by bond-breaking reactions that are independent of each other. This study adds geochemical insights into the Decomposition mechanism of lacustrine Type-II kerogen.
Shouwei Jian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Decomposition kinetic characteristics of calcium carbonate containing organic acids by tga
Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 2017Co-Authors: Weiqiang Wang, Shouwei JianAbstract:Abstract By means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), influences of organic acids such as citric acid, oxalic acid and tartaric acid on Decomposition Process and thermal behaviors of calcium carbonate were investigated in non-isothermal condition. Experiments were conducted from the ambient temperature to 1273 K at a heating rate of 10 K min −1 . Moreover, the kinetic parameters (activation energy and pre-exponential factor) of the mixtures of calcium carbonate and organic acids were determined using the Coats–Redfern method. It is indicated that the Decomposition Process of calcium carbonate containing different organic acids includes three or four weight loss Processes. In the zone of 370–450 °C, energy is released due to the combustion of organic products decomposed from organic salts, and energy increases with the increase of molecular weight of organic acid. Activation energy of the samples containing citric acid, oxalic acid and tartaric acid is decreased by 34.9%, 28.8% and 31.9%, respectively. The results may be used to provide a useful basis for further applying industrial wastes containing different organic acids in cement industries with high-efficiency.
