The Experts below are selected from a list of 255 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Junwen Li - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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application of ultrasonic treating to degassing of metal ingots
Materials Letters, 2008Co-Authors: Junwen Li, Tadashi Momono, Yoshinori Tayu, Ying FuAbstract:Abstract The relations between porosity in the ingot and the effecting factors such as the ultrasonic power and the time of ultrasonic vibration (UV) treating to melt were investigated. Moreover, the mechanism of the porosity formation and the prevention method was studied. The results indicate that the effect of Degasification was better when the intensity of UV is above threshold value. On the contrary, the intensity of UV below the value resulted in the increase of the gas content in the ingot and the decrease of density. It could be confirmed that there is an appropriate time on Degasification by UV treating. When treating time is over the time, the density of the ingot tended to decrease. By using UV to degas with constraint cooling in the bottom of the ingot, the value of porosity volume (PV) can be decreased below 0.1 cm3/100 g and the ηdeg is near to 97%.
Hero J Heeres - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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biomass valorisation by staged Degasification a new pyrolysis based thermochemical conversion option to produce value added chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass
Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 2009Co-Authors: P J De Wild, J H Reith, J H A Kiel, Hero J HeeresAbstract:Pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass leads to an array Of useful solid, liquid and gaseous products. Staged Degasification is a pyrolysis-based conversion route to generate value-added chemicals from biomass. Because of different thermal stabilities of the main biomass constituents hemicellulose. cellulose and lignin, different temperatures may be applied fora step-wise degradation into valuable chemicals. Staged Degasification experiments were conducted with deciduous (beech, poplar), coniferous (spruce) and herbaceous (straw) biomass. Thermogravimetry was used to estimate appropriate temperatures for a two-stage degradation process that was subsequently evaluated on bench-scale by moving bed and bubbling fluidised bed pyrolysis experiments. Degasification in two consecutive stages at 250-300 degrees C and 350-400 degrees C leads to mixtures of degradation products that originate from the whole biomass. The mixtures that were generated at 250-300 degrees C, predominantly contain hemicellulose degradation products, while the composition of the mixtures that were obtained at 350-400 C, is more representative for cellulose. Lignin-derived fragments are found in both mixtures. Yields up to 5 wt% of the dry feedstock are obtained for chemicals like acetic acid, furfural, acetol and levoglucosan. Certain groups of thermal degradation products like C(2)-C(4) oxygenates and phenols are formed in yields up to 3 wt%. Highest yields have been obtained for beech wood, Staged Degasification is a promising pyrolysis-based route to valorise lignocellulosic biomass. Clear opportunities exist to increase product yields and selectivities by optimisation of reactor conditions, application of catalysts and specific biomass pretreatments like demineralisation and pre-hydrolysis. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Biomass valorisation by staged Degasification: A new pyrolysis-based thermochemical conversion option to produce value-added chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass
Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 2009Co-Authors: P J De Wild, J H Reith, J H A Kiel, H. Den Uil, Hero J HeeresAbstract:Pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass leads to an array Of useful solid, liquid and gaseous products. Staged Degasification is a pyrolysis-based conversion route to generate value-added chemicals from biomass. Because of different thermal stabilities of the main biomass constituents hemicellulose. cellulose and lignin, different temperatures may be applied fora step-wise degradation into valuable chemicals. Staged Degasification experiments were conducted with deciduous (beech, poplar), coniferous (spruce) and herbaceous (straw) biomass. Thermogravimetry was used to estimate appropriate temperatures for a two-stage degradation process that was subsequently evaluated on bench-scale by moving bed and bubbling fluidised bed pyrolysis experiments. Degasification in two consecutive stages at 250-300 degrees C and 350-400 degrees C leads to mixtures of degradation products that originate from the whole biomass. The mixtures that were generated at 250-300 degrees C, predominantly contain hemicellulose degradation products, while the composition of the mixtures that were obtained at 350-400 C, is more representative for cellulose. Lignin-derived fragments are found in both mixtures. Yields up to 5 wt% of the dry feedstock are obtained for chemicals like acetic acid, furfural, acetol and levoglucosan. Certain groups of thermal degradation products like C(2)-C(4) oxygenates and phenols are formed in yields up to 3 wt%. Highest yields have been obtained for beech wood, Staged Degasification is a promising pyrolysis-based route to valorise lignocellulosic biomass. Clear opportunities exist to increase product yields and selectivities by optimisation of reactor conditions, application of catalysts and specific biomass pretreatments like demineralisation and pre-hydrolysis. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Ying Fu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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application of ultrasonic treating to degassing of metal ingots
Materials Letters, 2008Co-Authors: Junwen Li, Tadashi Momono, Yoshinori Tayu, Ying FuAbstract:Abstract The relations between porosity in the ingot and the effecting factors such as the ultrasonic power and the time of ultrasonic vibration (UV) treating to melt were investigated. Moreover, the mechanism of the porosity formation and the prevention method was studied. The results indicate that the effect of Degasification was better when the intensity of UV is above threshold value. On the contrary, the intensity of UV below the value resulted in the increase of the gas content in the ingot and the decrease of density. It could be confirmed that there is an appropriate time on Degasification by UV treating. When treating time is over the time, the density of the ingot tended to decrease. By using UV to degas with constraint cooling in the bottom of the ingot, the value of porosity volume (PV) can be decreased below 0.1 cm3/100 g and the ηdeg is near to 97%.
Satoshi Okabe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Enhancement of organic matter degradation and methane gas production of anaerobic granular sludge by Degasification of dissolved hydrogen gas.
Bioresource Technology, 2017Co-Authors: Hisashi Satoh, Wasala M.k.r.t.w. Bandara, Manabu Sasakawa, Yoshihito Nakahara, Masahiro Takahashi, Satoshi OkabeAbstract:A hollow fiber degassing membrane (DM) was applied to enhance organic matter degradation and methane gas production of anaerobic granular sludge process by reducing the dissolved hydrogen gas (D-H2) concentration in the liquid phase. DM was installed in the bench-scale anaerobic granular sludge reactors and D-H2 was removed through DM using a vacuum pump. Degasification improved the organic matter degradation efficiency to 79% while the efficiency was 62% without Degasification at 12,000mgL-1 of the influent T-COD concentration. Measurement of D-H2 concentrations in the liquid phase confirmed that D-H2 was removed by Degasification. Furthermore, the effect of acetate concentrations on the organic matter degradation efficiency was investigated. At acetate concentrations above 3gL-1, organic matter degradation deteriorated. Degasification enhanced the propionate and acetate degradation. These results suggest that Degasification reduced D-H2 concentration and volatile fatty acids concentrations, prevented pH drop, and subsequent enhanced organic matter degradation.
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Introduction of a degassing membrane technology into anaerobic wastewater treatment.
Water Environment Research, 2013Co-Authors: Wasala M.k.r.t.w. Bandara, Hisashi Satoh, Manabu Sasakawa, Yoshihito Nakahara, M Ikeda, M Takahashi, Satoshi OkabeAbstract:: The effectiveness of Degasification using a degassing membrane to improve chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency was investigated using a bench-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. Vacuum Degasification was able to transfer dissolved gas in the bulk liquid of the UASB reactor inside the membrane. Such a process might provide thermodynamically favorable conditions for the degradation of organic compounds. The COD-removal efficiency improved from 83% during normal operation to 90% during the degassing operation.
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removal of residual dissolved methane gas in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor treating low strength wastewater at low temperature with degassing membrane
Water Research, 2011Co-Authors: Wasala M.k.r.t.w. Bandara, Hisashi Satoh, Manabu Sasakawa, Yoshihito Nakahara, Masahiro Takahashi, Satoshi OkabeAbstract:Abstract In this study, we investigated the efficiency of dissolved methane (D-CH 4 ) collection by Degasification from the effluent of a bench-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating synthetic wastewater. A hollow-fiber degassing membrane module was used for Degasification. This module was connected to the liquid outlet of the UASB reactor. After chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency of the UASB reactor became stable, D-CH 4 discharged from the UASB reactor was collected. Under 35 °C and a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 10 h, average D-CH 4 concentration could be reduced from 63 mg COD L −1 to 15 mg COD L −1 ; this, in turn, resulted in an increase in total methane (CH 4 ) recovery efficiency from 89% to 97%. Furthermore, we investigated the effects of temperature and HRT of the UASB reactor on Degasification efficiency. Average D-CH 4 concentration was as high as 104 mg COD L −1 at 15 °C because of the higher solubility of CH 4 gas in liquid; the average D-CH 4 concentration was reduced to 14 mg COD L −1 by Degasification. Accordingly, total CH 4 recovery efficiency increased from 71% to 97% at 15 °C as a result of Degasification. Moreover, Degasification tended to cause an increase in particulate COD removal efficiency. The UASB reactor was operated at the same COD loading rate, but different wastewater feed rates and HRTs. Although average D-CH 4 concentration in the UASB reactor was almost unchanged (ca. 70 mg COD L −1 ) regardless of the HRT value, the CH 4 discharge rate from the UASB reactor increased because of an increase in the wastewater feed rate. Because the D-CH 4 concentration could be reduced down to 12 ± 1 mg COD L −1 by Degasification at an HRT of 6.7 h, the CH 4 recovery rate was 1.5 times higher under Degasification than under normal operation.
Caiping Yuan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Resource potential of water-soluble gas in the Palaeogene Huizhou Sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin
Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2012Co-Authors: Xu Si-huang, Caiping YuanAbstract:Abstract Based on the formation mechanism of water-soluble gas, combined with the geological conditions of the Palaeogene Huizhou Sag, the resource potential and utilization of water-soluble gas in the Palaeogene source rock in the Huizhou Sag are analyzed quantitatively using grid calculation method. The Palaeogene Wenchang and Enping formations of the Huizhou Sag are major source rocks that generate significant quantities of gas and the sandstone reservoirs are weakly overpressured to overpressured on the whole. Calculated according to the thickness, sandstone content, porosity, water saturation, strata pressure, temperature, and mineralization of the Wenchang and Enping Formations, the resource volume of water-soluble gas is about 1 791.49×10 8 m 3 and 2 688.5×10 8 m 3 , 1.19 and 3.46 times that of the conventional gas, respectively. If the strata pressure is relieved to normal pressure, the Degasification volume is 80.84×10 8 m 3 and 97.04×10 8 m 3 . The water-soluble gas is an unconventional resource with great potential, and can provide substantial gas source for conventional pools through Degasification.
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Resource potential of water-soluble gas in the Palaeogene Huizhou Sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin
KeAi Communications Co. Ltd., 2012Co-Authors: Caiping YuanAbstract:Based on the formation mechanism of water-soluble gas, combined with the geological conditions of the Palaeogene Huizhou Sag, the resource potential and utilization of water-soluble gas in the Palaeogene source rock in the Huizhou Sag are analyzed quantitatively using grid calculation method. The Palaeogene Wenchang and Enping formations of the Huizhou Sag are major source rocks that generate significant quantities of gas and the sandstone reservoirs are weakly overpressured to overpressured on the whole. Calculated according to the thickness, sandstone content, porosity, water saturation, strata pressure, temperature, and mineralization of the Wenchang and Enping Formations, the resource volume of water-soluble gas is about 1 791.49×108 m3 and 2 688.5×108 m3, 1.19 and 3.46 times that of the conventional gas, respectively. If the strata pressure is relieved to normal pressure, the Degasification volume is 80.84×108 m3 and 97.04×108 m3. The water-soluble gas is an unconventional resource with great potential, and can provide substantial gas source for conventional pools through Degasification. Key words: water-soluble gas, unconventional resources, Degasification, resource potential, Palaeogene, Huizhou Sa
