The Experts below are selected from a list of 6630 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Daniela Stoltenberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Kees Kingma - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Demobilization, Reintegration and Peacebuilding in Africa
    International Peacekeeping, 2002
    Co-Authors: Kees Kingma
    Abstract:

    (2002). Demobilization, Reintegration and Peacebuilding in Africa. International Peacekeeping: Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 181-201.

  • The Impact of Demobilization
    Demobilization in Sub-Saharan Africa, 2000
    Co-Authors: Kees Kingma
    Abstract:

    This concluding chapter starts with comparing the findings of the Demobilization case studies on Eritrea, Ethiopia and Mozambique (Chapters 5–7) and the Demobilization in Uganda described more briefly in Chapter 4. It will subsequently look more specifically at the reintegration processes and the assistance provided. In Sections 4 and 5 it will discuss the development and security impact of Demobilization. Lastly, it will reflect on the implications of the findings of this study. How should Demobilizations be anticipated, and linked to other peace-building processes? And where could resources best be allocated to optimize their impact for sustainable peace and human development?

  • Demobilization in sub saharan africa the development and security impacts
    2000
    Co-Authors: Kees Kingma
    Abstract:

    List of Tables and Figures Preface Map Notes on the Contributors Abbreviations PART I: OVERVIEW Introduction K.Kingma Assessing Demobilization: The Concepts Involved K.Kingma Human Resources Development and Utilisation in Demobilization and Reintegration Programmes I.Nubler Trends in Armed Forces and Demobilization in SubSaharan Africa K.Kingma & G.Gehyigon PART II: CASES Leaving the Warm House: The Impact of Demobilization in Eritrea E.M.Bruchhaus & A.Mehreteab From the Gun to the Plough: The Macro- and Micro- Level Impact of Demobilization in Ethiopia D.Ayalew & S.Dercon Reducing Costs Through an Expensive Exercise: The Impact of Demobilization in Mozambique I.Baptista Lundin, M.Chachiua, A.Gaspar, H.Guebuza & G.Mbilana PART III: CONCLUSIONS The Impact of Demobilization K.Kingma Bibliography Annex Tables Index

  • Assessing Demobilization: Conceptual Issues
    Demobilization in Sub-Saharan Africa, 2000
    Co-Authors: Kees Kingma
    Abstract:

    For an assessment of the impact of Demobilization one needs to ask the right questions, have a clear and consistent set of concepts, and gather the required data and be aware of its limitations. After the central questions of this research have been presented in the previous chapter, this chapter will present the basic concepts used in this analysis and subsequently identify and discuss some relevant economic aspects, and the approaches to address these questions. (Aspects related to human resources development and utilization will be dealt with in Chapter 3.) The systematic presentation in this chapter is not meant as a blueprint for Demobilization, since the process will be different according to the circumstances, but rather as outlining a framework for analysis.

  • Demobilization of combatants after civil wars in Africa and their reintegration into civilian life
    Policy Sciences, 1997
    Co-Authors: Kees Kingma
    Abstract:

    In the past few years, several countries in Sub-Saharan Africa conducted large scale Demobilizations. These are positive signs and create opportunities for sustainable peace and human development. However, Demobilization appears to be a complex process. It is closely linked to security issues; and the impact of Demobilization depends largely on whether the ex-combatants are able to reintegrate. Demobilized soldiers and guerrilla fighters have usually great difficulties re-establishing themselves in civilian life. Frustrated ex-combatants may jeopardize the peace and development process. This paper identifies on the bases of the recent experiences some of the risks that are involved in Demobilization and several conditions that have to be met in order for Demobilization to attain a lasting positive impact on peace and human development in Africa.

Kimberly Howe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • When Protection Collapses: Post-Demobilization Trajectories of Violence
    Terrorism and Political Violence, 2014
    Co-Authors: Enzo Nussio, Kimberly Howe
    Abstract:

    The implementation of peacebuilding activities, including the Demobilization of non-state illegal actors, does not necessarily bring about a reduction in violence. While there are several theories that address the causes of persistent violence, there are few that adequately explain why rates of violence can rapidly increase in a post-Demobilization context. Using the method of process tracing, this article explores the case of Cordoba Department, Colombia, where rates of violence have increased after the Demobilization of paramilitary groups (Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia [AUC]) in 2005. We argue that the AUC created and maintained a monopolistic illegal protection system during its years of operation, and this type of local order was able to contain violence. After Demobilization, the protection system was disrupted and as a consequence, new competition between post-Demobilization criminal organizations for existing illegal rents developed, petty crime became pervasive, and revenge killings spiked, thu...

  • when protection collapses post Demobilization trajectories of violence
    2014
    Co-Authors: Enzo Nussio, Kimberly Howe
    Abstract:

    The implementation of peacebuilding activities, including the Demobilization of non-state illegal actors, does not necessarily bring about a reduction in violence. While there are several theories that address the causes of persistent violence, there are few that adequately explain why rates of violence can rapidly increase in a post-Demobilization context. Using the method of process tracing, this paper explores the case of Cordoba Department, Colombia where rates of violence have increased after the Demobilization of paramilitary groups (AUC) in 2005. We argue that the AUC created and maintained a monopolistic illegal protection system during its years of operation, and this type of local order was able to contain violence. After Demobilization, the protection system was disrupted and as a consequence, new competition between post-Demobilization criminal organizations for existing illegal rents developed, petty crime became pervasive and revenge killings spiked, thus contributing to increased rates of violence in the post-Demobilization period. Our theory about the breakdown of protection finds support in other AUC dominated regions of Colombia.

  • When Illegal Protection Collapses: Pathways to Increased Post-Demobilization Violence
    SSRN Electronic Journal, 2013
    Co-Authors: Enzo Nussio, Kimberly Howe
    Abstract:

    The implementation of peacebuilding activities, including the Demobilization of non-state illegal actors, does not necessarily bring about a reduction in violence. While there are several theories that address the causes of persistent violence, there are few that adequately explain why rates of violence can rapidly increase in a post-Demobilization context. This paper uses process tracing following the Demobilization of paramilitary groups (AUC) in Cordoba Department, Colombia to assess alternative theories. We argue that the AUC created and maintained a monopolistic illegal protection system during its years of operation, and this type of local order was able to contain violence. After Demobilization, the protection system was disrupted and as a consequence, new competition between post-Demobilization criminal organizations for existing illegal rents developed, petty crime became pervasive and revenge killings spiked, thus contributing to increased rates of violence in the post-Demobilization period. Our theory about the breakdown of protection finds additional support in other AUC dominated regions of Colombia. An alternative theory relating state pressure to increased violence was not strongly supported by our empirical analysis.

Neta Kligler-vilenchik - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Alpaslan O÷zerdem - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Guns, Camps and Cash: Disarmament, Demobilization and Reinsertion of Former Combatants in Transitions from War to Peace
    Journal of Peace Research, 2004
    Co-Authors: Mark Knight, Alpaslan O÷zerdem
    Abstract:

    The process of disarmament, Demobilization, reinsertion and reintegration (DDRR) of former combatants plays a critical role in transitions from war to peace. The success or failure of this endeavour directly affects the long-term peacebuilding prospects for any post-conflict society. The exploration of the closely interwoven relationship between peacebuilding and the DDRR process also provides a theoretical framework for this article, which aims to present an assessment of various disarmament, Demobilization and reinsertion (DDR) programmes planned or implemented in a number of countries over the last two decades. The assessment is conducted by focusing on three specific DDR issues: disarmament as a social contract; Demobilization without cantonment; and the relevance of financial reinsertion assistance. The majority of these initiatives adopted a ‘guns–camps–cash’ approach that seems to provide only a limited perspective for dealing with a wide range of complex issues related to the DDR process. Therefore, the article questions whether there is a need for a more comprehensive consideration of disarmament by acknowledging and responding to its social, economic and political implications. In conjunction with the above-mentioned consideration, disarmament in terms of a social contract is proposed as an alternative to the current military-centred approach. Experience also indicates a tendency towards the inclusion of cantonment in the Demobilization phase, regardless of whether it actually can have some negative impacts on the DDRR process in general. Subsequently, the article questions such implications and possible approaches to Demobilization without cantonment. Finally, the article focuses on the effectiveness of cash payments during reinsertion as an easier alternative to the provision of other material assistance, since this tends to be the most controversial aspect of the reinsertion phase.