The Experts below are selected from a list of 3372 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Virginia Tsapaki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • radiation protection in Dental Radiology recent advances and future directions
    Physica Medica, 2017
    Co-Authors: Virginia Tsapaki
    Abstract:

    Dental Radiology uses X-ray technology to diagnose and design treatment of various clinical problems related to the oral cavity and surrounding tissues. As technology quickly evolves, there are numerous X-ray modalities using different tools in the attempt to best image and treat efficiently these diseases, disorders or other related clinical conditions. The reported numbers of Dental X-rays, the fact that these may be under-reported in many countries and because Dental X-rays are performed more on younger individuals, whose teeth and dentition are still developing, calls for increased need on radiation protection. The objectives of this paper are to report on the latest technology updates and related radiation protection issues, to present future directions and define gaps. Most of existing radiation protection national and international guidelines are more than a decade old. Update is needed to account for newer technologies such as cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and digital imaging. Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs), a well established method for dose optimization, are not yet defined for CBCT and have to be set for various clinical indications. As far as shielding is concerned, recent data confirm that use of lead apron, even in pregnant patients, or gonadal shielding are not recommended, due to negligible radiation dose reduction. Thyroid lead shielding should be used in case the organ is in or close to the primary beam. Specifically for CBCT, leaded glasses, thyroid collars and collimation (smaller field of view (FOV) especially for paediatric patients) minimize the dose to organs outside the FOV.

  • Radiation protection in Dental Radiology – Recent advances and future directions
    Physica Medica, 2017
    Co-Authors: Virginia Tsapaki
    Abstract:

    Dental Radiology uses X-ray technology to diagnose and design treatment of various clinical problems related to the oral cavity and surrounding tissues. As technology quickly evolves, there are numerous X-ray modalities using different tools in the attempt to best image and treat efficiently these diseases, disorders or other related clinical conditions. The reported numbers of Dental X-rays, the fact that these may be under-reported in many countries and because Dental X-rays are performed more on younger individuals, whose teeth and dentition are still developing, calls for increased need on radiation protection. The objectives of this paper are to report on the latest technology updates and related radiation protection issues, to present future directions and define gaps. Most of existing radiation protection national and international guidelines are more than a decade old. Update is needed to account for newer technologies such as cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and digital imaging. Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs), a well established method for dose optimization, are not yet defined for CBCT and have to be set for various clinical indications. As far as shielding is concerned, recent data confirm that use of lead apron, even in pregnant patients, or gonadal shielding are not recommended, due to negligible radiation dose reduction. Thyroid lead shielding should be used in case the organ is in or close to the primary beam. Specifically for CBCT, leaded glasses, thyroid collars and collimation (smaller field of view (FOV) especially for paediatric patients) minimize the dose to organs outside the FOV.

Ulrich Mödder - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Radiation dose in Dental Radiology.
    European radiology, 2001
    Co-Authors: Mathias Cohnen, J. Kemper, O. Möbes, J. Pawelzik, Ulrich Mödder
    Abstract:

    The aim of this study was to compare radiation exposure in panoramic radiography (PR), Dental CT, and digital volume tomography (DVT). An anthropomorphic Alderson-Rando phantom and two anatomical head phantoms with thermoluminescent dosimeters fixed at appropriate locations were exposed as in a Dental examination. In PR and DVT, standard parameters were used while variables in CT included mA, pitch, and rotation time. Image noise was assessed in Dental CT and DVT. Radiation doses to the skin and internal organs within the primary beam and resulting from scatter radiation were measured and expressed as maximum doses in mGy. For PR, DVT, and CT, these maximum doses were 0.65, 4.2, and 23 mGy. In dose-reduced CT protocols, radiation doses ranged from 10.9 to 6.1 mGy. Effective doses calculated on this basis showed values below 0.1 mSv for PR, DVT, and dose-reduced CT. Image noise was similar in DVT and low-dose CT. As radiation exposure and image noise of DVT is similar to low-dose CT, this imaging technique cannot be recommended as a general alternative to replace PR in Dental Radiology.

R Ropolo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • measurement of dose width product in panoramic Dental Radiology
    British Journal of Radiology, 2003
    Co-Authors: P Isoardi, R Ropolo
    Abstract:

    The National Radiological Protection Board has recommended the introduction of dose-width product (DWP) for the measurement of patient dose in panoramic Dental Radiology. The present work describes a method for measuring DWP using a pencil ionization chamber. The technique was tested on five panoramic Dental units; the reproducibility of the method was 5.7%. In order to test the method, DWP was also assessed using thermoluminescent dosemeters and film. The results obtained agreed within 8.6% with those obtained using the pencil ionization chamber method. The proposed method appears to be simple and precise.

  • Measurement of dose–width product in panoramic Dental Radiology
    The British journal of radiology, 2003
    Co-Authors: P Isoardi, R Ropolo
    Abstract:

    The National Radiological Protection Board has recommended the introduction of dose-width product (DWP) for the measurement of patient dose in panoramic Dental Radiology. The present work describes a method for measuring DWP using a pencil ionization chamber. The technique was tested on five panoramic Dental units; the reproducibility of the method was 5.7%. In order to test the method, DWP was also assessed using thermoluminescent dosemeters and film. The results obtained agreed within 8.6% with those obtained using the pencil ionization chamber method. The proposed method appears to be simple and precise.

Keith Horner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Questionnaire surveys of dentists on Radiology.
    Dento maxillo facial radiology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Andrew Shelley, Paul A. Brunton, Keith Horner
    Abstract:

    Objectives: Survey by questionnaire is a widely used research method in Dental Radiology. A major concern in reviews of questionnaires is non-response. The objectives of this study were to review questionnaire studies in Dental Radiology with regard to potential survey errors and to develop recommendations to assist future researchers. Methods: A literature search with the software search package PubMed was used to obtain internet-based access to Medline through the website www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed. A search of the English language peer-reviewed literature was conducted of all published studies, with no restriction on date. The search strategy found articles with dates from 1983 to 2010. The medical subject heading terms used were “questionnaire”, “Dental Radiology” and “Dental radiography”. The reference sections of articles retrieved by this method were hand-searched in order to identify further relevant papers. Reviews, commentaries and relevant studies from the wider literature were also included. ...

  • Radiation protection in Dental Radiology
    The British journal of radiology, 1994
    Co-Authors: Keith Horner
    Abstract:

    Abstract Dental Radiology represents the most frequent diagnostic radiological investigation in the industrialized world, with over 16 million examinations performed annually in England and Wales alone. Although individual doses and risks are low in Dental radiography, the collective dose is not inconsiderable and many examinations are performed in younger age groups. Radiation protection of patients in Dental Radiology is achieved in three ways: by appropriate selection criteria for patients and equipment, methods of dose limitation and quality assurance procedures. There is a lack of agreed radiographic selection criteria to guide British dentists and this may lead to overuse of certain techniques, principally panoramic radiography. In intraoral radiography the use of fast (E-speed) film and rectangular collimation offer dose reductions of approximately 50% and 60%, respectively. Constant potential X-ray units and rare-earth filtration permit further reductions. In panoramic and cephalometric radiograph...

Mathias Cohnen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Radiation dose in Dental Radiology.
    European radiology, 2001
    Co-Authors: Mathias Cohnen, J. Kemper, O. Möbes, J. Pawelzik, Ulrich Mödder
    Abstract:

    The aim of this study was to compare radiation exposure in panoramic radiography (PR), Dental CT, and digital volume tomography (DVT). An anthropomorphic Alderson-Rando phantom and two anatomical head phantoms with thermoluminescent dosimeters fixed at appropriate locations were exposed as in a Dental examination. In PR and DVT, standard parameters were used while variables in CT included mA, pitch, and rotation time. Image noise was assessed in Dental CT and DVT. Radiation doses to the skin and internal organs within the primary beam and resulting from scatter radiation were measured and expressed as maximum doses in mGy. For PR, DVT, and CT, these maximum doses were 0.65, 4.2, and 23 mGy. In dose-reduced CT protocols, radiation doses ranged from 10.9 to 6.1 mGy. Effective doses calculated on this basis showed values below 0.1 mSv for PR, DVT, and dose-reduced CT. Image noise was similar in DVT and low-dose CT. As radiation exposure and image noise of DVT is similar to low-dose CT, this imaging technique cannot be recommended as a general alternative to replace PR in Dental Radiology.