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C Chauve - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the genus dermanyssus mesostigmata Dermanyssidae history and species characterization
2010Co-Authors: C ChauveAbstract:The genus Dermanyssus Duges,1834 (Mesostigmata: Dermanyssidae )includes hematophagous mites that are ectoparasites of birds.Over the years,the number of species included varied greatly:56 or more species have once been classified in this genus,but after the last review by Moss in 1978 only 18 species remained;presently there are 23.Major changes in genus definition drastically reduced the number of species included,involving not only the establishment of synonymies,but also many changes in systematic position based on literature data (Roy & Chauve,2007). However, in 2007 the species definition is not yet clear. We present an overview of the current systematic position of all 56 species that were once included in this genus. In addition, we review host specificity and geographic distribution of Dermanyssus species, and we discuss morphological characters posing problems in species characterization.
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delimiting species boundaries within dermanyssus duges 1834 acari Dermanyssidae using a total evidence approach
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2009Co-Authors: Ashley P G Dowling, C Chauve, T BuronfosseAbstract:Abstract The genus Dermanyssus is currently composed of 24 hematophagous mite species and includes the Poultry Red Mite, Dermanyssus gallinae , a serious pest in poultry houses. Morphologically, Dermanyssus species fall into two groups corresponding to Moss’ gallinae -group and to hirsutus -group + Microdermanyssus . Species of the gallinae- group exhibit high levels of morphological variability, and are nearly impossible to distinguish. Species of the second group display consistent characters and host associations and are easily distinguishable. Species of the gallinae -group tend to be the major problems in poultry houses and it is unknown whether D. gallinae is the only pest, or if there are numerous cryptic species present in the system. Twenty species of Dermanyssus were tested phylogenetically based on 46 morphological characters. A subset of species, mainly of the gallinae- group, represented each by several populations, was sequenced for two mitochondrial and one nuclear gene regions. This allowed testing their specific status and their interrelationships based and on morphological and molecular characters. The molecular data was analysed separately and in combination with morphological characters. As expected, morphology did a poor job resolving relationships. Molecular data proved more informative. The resulting phylogenetic hypotheses brought some information about interrelationships among species of the gallinae-group showing a split into two main clades. The invasion of human managed environments seems to occur only in taxa within one of the two clades. The host spectrum seems to get enlarged in more derived taxa in the same clade. A delineation of six species within the gallinae-group is provided. Additionally, a key for morphological identification of these species is provided. D. gallinae appears to be the only pest in poultry houses, but is composed of several different and more or less strongly isolated lineages. A new species found from the black swift is described.
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historical review of the genus dermanyssus duges 1834 acari mesostigmata Dermanyssidae
Parasite, 2007Co-Authors: C ChauveAbstract:Summary: A synthetic review of the historical systematics of Dermanyssus Duges, 1834 (Acari: Mesostigmata: Dermanyssidae) is provided. The classification at the specific level in this early genus has not really been clarified during more than a century despite its economic impact, and the history of the genus is complex and includes various stages. Moreover, Dermanyssus currently includes 23 species, whereas the last review took only 18 species into account. Changes in the species status and position in the genus Dermanyssus from 1834 until today are presented. The evolution of the generic definition is explored and compared with other genera of the group. How the discrimination between the different species evolved in the genus is also examined. Some difficulties in the specific definitions are discussed. A current diagnosis of the genus Dermanyssus is given. A table of the species included in this genus since its first description along with their respective current positions, a list of the currently included species in Dermanyssus with their hosts, and a world map presenting their geographic distribution are provided.
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comparison of four methods of extracting dna from d gallinae acari Dermanyssidae
Veterinary Research, 2006Co-Authors: Sophie Desloire, C Chauve, Claire Valiente Moro, Lionel ZennerAbstract:Dermanyssus gallinae is one of the most serious ectoparasites of poultry and it has been implicated as a vector of several major pathogenic diseases. Molecular detection of such pathogens in mites is crucial and therefore, an important step is the extraction of their DNA from mites. So, we compared four DNA extraction protocols from engorged and unfed individual mites: a conventional method using a Cethyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide buffer (CTAB), a Chelex resin, a Qiamp DNA extraction kit and a more recent one filter-based technology (FTA). The DNA samples have been tested for their ability to be amplified by an amplification of a D. gallinae 16S rRNA gene region. The best results were obtained using CTAB and Qiagen methods at the same time with unfed and engorged mites (96% and 100% of amplified samples). FTA produced similar results when using unfed mites but not when processing engorged ones (96% and 70%). Finally, the Chelex method was the least efficient in terms of DNA amplification, especially when applied on engorged individuals (50%). The possible inhibitor role of these Chelex extracted DNA was demonstrated by the means of a PCR control on PUC plasmid. No difference was observed with CTAB, Qiamp DNA extraction kit or FTA methods using DNA extracted one year before. D. gallinae / DNA extraction / engorged mites
T Buronfosse - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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contrasted ecological repartition of the northern fowl mite ornithonyssus sylviarum mesostigmata macronyssidae and the chicken red mite dermanyssus gallinae mesostigmata Dermanyssidae
Acarologia, 2010Co-Authors: Claude Marie Chauve, T BuronfosseAbstract:The two hematophagous mite species, the Northern Fowl Mite Ornithonyssus sylviarum (Macronyssidae) and the Chicken Red Mite Dermanyssus gallinae (Dermanyssidae), are considered serious pests in fowl farms in the USA and in Europe respectively. However, neither of them seems to be restricted to either of these two continents according to sparse records in the literature. The aim here was to explore the respective ecological repartitions of these two species in France and to compare them with data from the USA. We thus analyzed hematophagous mesostigmatid mites collected in France in natura, in orchards agroecosystems, in pet bird and fowl farms and compared DNA sequences from some North American and French mites in both species. It is remarkable that O. sylviarum has been recurrently encountered in bird nests from France and yet been absent from French layer farms, whereas it is a serious pest in layer farms in the USA. On the other hand, O. sylviarum has been isolated from ornamental bird farms in France (canary, pheasant). This suggests either a strong impact of different farming practices between continents or a colonization in process in Europe. It remains to be explored whether the opposite applies to D. gallinae in the USA. Lastly, mites belonging to the special lineage D. gallinae L1 have been isolated from North American pigeons providing mt and nDNA sequences very close to French L1 isolates'. This confirms the specific status of this cryptic entity.
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delimiting species boundaries within dermanyssus duges 1834 acari Dermanyssidae using a total evidence approach
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2009Co-Authors: Ashley P G Dowling, C Chauve, T BuronfosseAbstract:Abstract The genus Dermanyssus is currently composed of 24 hematophagous mite species and includes the Poultry Red Mite, Dermanyssus gallinae , a serious pest in poultry houses. Morphologically, Dermanyssus species fall into two groups corresponding to Moss’ gallinae -group and to hirsutus -group + Microdermanyssus . Species of the gallinae- group exhibit high levels of morphological variability, and are nearly impossible to distinguish. Species of the second group display consistent characters and host associations and are easily distinguishable. Species of the gallinae -group tend to be the major problems in poultry houses and it is unknown whether D. gallinae is the only pest, or if there are numerous cryptic species present in the system. Twenty species of Dermanyssus were tested phylogenetically based on 46 morphological characters. A subset of species, mainly of the gallinae- group, represented each by several populations, was sequenced for two mitochondrial and one nuclear gene regions. This allowed testing their specific status and their interrelationships based and on morphological and molecular characters. The molecular data was analysed separately and in combination with morphological characters. As expected, morphology did a poor job resolving relationships. Molecular data proved more informative. The resulting phylogenetic hypotheses brought some information about interrelationships among species of the gallinae-group showing a split into two main clades. The invasion of human managed environments seems to occur only in taxa within one of the two clades. The host spectrum seems to get enlarged in more derived taxa in the same clade. A delineation of six species within the gallinae-group is provided. Additionally, a key for morphological identification of these species is provided. D. gallinae appears to be the only pest in poultry houses, but is composed of several different and more or less strongly isolated lineages. A new species found from the black swift is described.
Claudia Cafarchia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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essential oils and beauveria bassiana against dermanyssus gallinae acari Dermanyssidae towards new natural acaricides
Veterinary Parasitology, 2016Co-Authors: Davide Immediato, Antonio Camarda, Roberta Iatta, Annunziata Giangaspero, Domenico Otranto, Luciana Aguiar Figueredo, Rafaela Lira Nogueira De Luna, Sinval Pinto Brandaofilho, Claudia CafarchiaAbstract:Abstract Essential oils (EOs) and entomopathogenic fungi such as Beauveria bassiana (Bb) strains have the potential to be used as alternative insecticides and acaricides for controlling ectoparasites as Dermanyssus gallinae. These compounds have some limitations in their use: the acaricidal effect of EOs is rapid, but short-lived, whilst that of Bb is delayed, but long-lived. To evaluate the effect of both compounds combined against D. gallinae, the non-toxic dose of Eucalyptus globulus, Eucalyptus citriodora, Thymus vulgaris and Eugenia caryophyllata essential oils were firstly calculated for “native” strains of Bb. Subsequently, the effects of the combination of selected EOs with Bb against nymph and adult poultry red mites (PRMs) was assessed. EO concentrations ranging from 0.0015 to 8% v/v (i.e., nine double dilutions) were used to evaluate their effect on germination, sporulation and vegetative growth rates of native strains of Bb. A total of 1440 mites (720 nymphs and 720 adults) were divided into three-treated group (TGs) and one control group (CG). In TGs, mites were exposed to Bb in combination with the selected EO (TG1), EO alone (TG2) or Bb (TG3) alone. In the CG, mites were exposed to 0.1% tween 80 plus EO solvent (CG). E. globulus and E. citriodora were toxic for Bb in concentrations higher than 0.2% and 0.003% respectively, whilst E. caryophyllata and T. vulgaris were toxic at all concentrations tested against Bb. Based on the results of the toxicity assays against Bb, E. globulus was chosen to be tested as acaricide resulting non-toxic for Bb at concentration lower than 0.4%. Increased mortality of D. gallinae adults was recorded in TG1 than those in other TGs from 4 days post-infection (T+4 DPI). A 100% mortality of D. gallinae was recorded in adults at T+9 DPI and at T+10 DPI in nymphs in TG1 and later than T+11 DPI in the other TGs. Used in combination with E. globulus, Bb displayed an earlier acaricidal effect towards both haematophagous D. gallinae stages. The combination of B. bassiana and E. globulus at 0.2% might be used for controlling arthropods of medical and veterinary importance as D. gallinae.
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laboratory evaluation of a native strain of beauveria bassiana for controlling dermanyssus gallinae de geer 1778 acari Dermanyssidae
Veterinary Parasitology, 2015Co-Authors: Davide Immediato, Antonio Camarda, Roberta Iatta, Maria Rita Puttilli, Rafael Antonio Nascimento Ramos, Giancarlo Di Paola, Annunziata Giangaspero, Domenico Otranto, Claudia CafarchiaAbstract:Abstract The poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778) (Acari: Dermanyssidae) is one of the most economically important ectoparasites of laying hens worldwide. Chemical control of this mite may result in environmental and food contamination, as well as the development of drug resistance. High virulence of Beauveria bassiana sensu lato strains isolated from naturally infected hosts or from their environment has been demonstrated toward many arthropod species, including ticks. However, a limited number of studies have assessed the use of B. bassiana for the control of D. gallinae s.l. and none of them have employed native strains. This study reports the pathogenicity of a native strain of B. bassiana (CD1123) against nymphs and adults of D. gallinae. Batches of nymph and adult mites (i.e., n = 720 for each stage) for treated groups (TGs) were placed on paper soaked with a 0.1% tween 80 suspension of B. bassiana (CIS, 105, 107 and 109 conidia/ml), whilst 240 untreated control mites for each stage (CG) were exposed only to 0.1% tween 80. The mites in TG showed a higher mortality at all stages (p
Amir Afkhami Goli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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in vitro acaricidal effects of thyme essential oil tobacco extract and carbaryl against dermanyssus gallinae acari Dermanyssidae
Scientia Parasitologica, 2015Co-Authors: Mansour Ebrahimi, Ali Moshaverinia, Gholam Ali Kalidari, Amir Afkhami GoliAbstract:Massive economic losses imposed by Dermanyssus gallinae De Geer, 1778 and limitation in using chemical compounds against them, indicates that searching for new alternative miticide compounds is an important necessity. The aim of this study was to investigate acaricidal effects of thyme essential oil and tobacco extract on D. gallinae in comparison to Carbaryl 85%WP in laboratory conditions. For this purpose a filter paper contact test was used and 30 live adult female mites were exposed to different concentrations of each examined compound for 2, 4, 6 and 24h. The mortality rate of mites at each concentration and time was recorded and each treatment was performed in triplicates. Three examined compounds showed acaricidal activities and effects of exposure time and concentration on mortality rate were significant (P<0.05). The highest mortality was achieved at 24h and tobacco extract showed more acaricidal activity than thyme essential oil. The results of this study suggest that tobacco has a promising acaricidal activity and is a potent green pesticide. More research is needed to investigate its side-effects and safety concerns for mammalian and bird hosts.
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In vitro acaricidal effects of Thyme essential oil, Tobacco extract and Carbaryl against Dermanyssus gallinae (Acari: Dermanyssidae)
2015Co-Authors: Mansour Ebrahimi, Ali Moshaverinia, Gholam Ali Kalidari, Amir Afkhami GoliAbstract:Massive economic losses imposed by Dermanyssus gallinae De Geer, 1778 and limitation in using chemical compounds against them, indicates that searching for new alternative miticide compounds is an important necessity. The aim of this study was to investigate acaricidal effects of thyme essential oil and tobacco extract on D. gallinae in comparison to Carbaryl 85%WP in laboratory conditions. For this purpose a filter paper contact test was used and 30 live adult female mites were exposed to different concentrations of each examined compound for 2, 4, 6 and 24h. The mortality rate of mites at each concentration and time was recorded and each treatment was performed in triplicates. Three examined compounds showed acaricidal activities and effects of exposure time and concentration on mortality rate were significant (P
Jeehwan Yi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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acaricidal activity of plant essential oils against dermanyssus gallinae acari Dermanyssidae
Veterinary Parasitology, 2004Co-Authors: Jeehwan YiAbstract:Abstract The acaricial activity of 56 plant essential oils against poultry house-collected adult Dermanyssus gallinae De Geer was examined using direct contact and fumigation methods. In a filter paper contact bioassay, 100% mortality at 0.07 mg cm−2 was observed in bay, cade, cinnamon, clove bud, coriander, horseradish, lime dis 5F, mustard, pennyroyal, pimento berry, spearmint, thyme red and thyme white oils, whereas the mortality of these oils was significantly decreased at 0.02 mg cm−2. In fumigation tests with adult D. gallinae at 0.28 mg cm−2, cade, clove bud, coriander, horseradish and mustard oils were more effective in closed containers than in open ones, indicating that the effect of these essential oils was largely due to action in the vapour phase. Plant essential oils described herein merit further study as potential D. gallinae control agents.