The Experts below are selected from a list of 730047 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jeanmarcel Ribaut - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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fostering molecular breeding in Developing Countries
Molecular Breeding, 2012Co-Authors: Xavier Delannay, Graham Mclaren, Jeanmarcel RibautAbstract:Molecular breeding (MB) increases genetic gain per crop cycle, stacks favourable alleles at target loci and reduces the number of selection cycles. In the last decade, the private sector has benefitted immensely from MB, which demonstrates its efficacy. In contrast, MB adoption is still limited in the public sector, and it is hardly used in Developing Countries. Major bottlenecks in these Countries include shortage of well-trained personnel, inadequate high-throughput capacity, poor phenotyping infrastructure, lack of information systems or adapted analysis tools or simply resource-limited breeding programmes. The emerging virtual platforms aided by the information and communication technology revolution will help to overcome some of these limitations by providing breeders with better access to genomic resources, advanced laboratory services and robust analytical and data management tools. Apart from some advanced national agricultural research systems (NARS), the implementation of large-scale molecular breeding programmes in Developing Countries will take time. However, the exponential development of genomic resources, including for less-studied crops, the ever-decreasing cost of marker technologies and the emergence of platforms for accessing MB tools and support services, plus the increasing public–private partnerships and needs-driven demand for improved varieties to counter the global food crisis, are all grounds to predict that MB will have a significant impact on crop breeding in Developing Countries. These predictions are supported by some preliminary successful examples presented in this paper.
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molecular breeding in Developing Countries challenges and perspectives
Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 2010Co-Authors: Jeanmarcel Ribaut, M C De Vicente, Xavier DelannayAbstract:Molecular breeding (MB) holds great promise for Developing Countries. However, the Developing Countries are hardly homogeneous in its implementation. Whilst newly industrialised Countries routinely use several MB applications and are exploring the latest approaches, Developing Countries with mid-level economies are testing marker applications and taking initial steps towards adopting MB in day-to-day breeding. Various bottlenecks still impede adoption in these Countries. Limited human resources and inadequate field infrastructure remain major challenges, although through virtual platforms aided by the information and communication technology revolution, breeders now have better access to genomic resources, advanced laboratory services, and robust analytical and data management tools. These developments are bound to have impact crop improvement in Developing Countries.
Xavier Delannay - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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fostering molecular breeding in Developing Countries
Molecular Breeding, 2012Co-Authors: Xavier Delannay, Graham Mclaren, Jeanmarcel RibautAbstract:Molecular breeding (MB) increases genetic gain per crop cycle, stacks favourable alleles at target loci and reduces the number of selection cycles. In the last decade, the private sector has benefitted immensely from MB, which demonstrates its efficacy. In contrast, MB adoption is still limited in the public sector, and it is hardly used in Developing Countries. Major bottlenecks in these Countries include shortage of well-trained personnel, inadequate high-throughput capacity, poor phenotyping infrastructure, lack of information systems or adapted analysis tools or simply resource-limited breeding programmes. The emerging virtual platforms aided by the information and communication technology revolution will help to overcome some of these limitations by providing breeders with better access to genomic resources, advanced laboratory services and robust analytical and data management tools. Apart from some advanced national agricultural research systems (NARS), the implementation of large-scale molecular breeding programmes in Developing Countries will take time. However, the exponential development of genomic resources, including for less-studied crops, the ever-decreasing cost of marker technologies and the emergence of platforms for accessing MB tools and support services, plus the increasing public–private partnerships and needs-driven demand for improved varieties to counter the global food crisis, are all grounds to predict that MB will have a significant impact on crop breeding in Developing Countries. These predictions are supported by some preliminary successful examples presented in this paper.
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molecular breeding in Developing Countries challenges and perspectives
Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 2010Co-Authors: Jeanmarcel Ribaut, M C De Vicente, Xavier DelannayAbstract:Molecular breeding (MB) holds great promise for Developing Countries. However, the Developing Countries are hardly homogeneous in its implementation. Whilst newly industrialised Countries routinely use several MB applications and are exploring the latest approaches, Developing Countries with mid-level economies are testing marker applications and taking initial steps towards adopting MB in day-to-day breeding. Various bottlenecks still impede adoption in these Countries. Limited human resources and inadequate field infrastructure remain major challenges, although through virtual platforms aided by the information and communication technology revolution, breeders now have better access to genomic resources, advanced laboratory services, and robust analytical and data management tools. These developments are bound to have impact crop improvement in Developing Countries.
Neeltje Van Horen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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foreign banking in Developing Countries origin matters
Emerging Markets Review, 2007Co-Authors: Neeltje Van HorenAbstract:Abstract Driven by globalization and increased financial integration, the last decade has seen many foreign banks entering Developing Countries. Although the majority of these banks are from high-income Countries, recently banks from Developing Countries have followed suit. This paper looks at this phenomenon, by examining the differences and similarities between Developing and high-income country foreign banks. Using a large dataset on banking sector FDI in Developing Countries, we find that 27% of all foreign banks in Developing Countries are owned by a bank from another Developing country, while these banks hold 5%of the foreign assets. The importance of Developing country foreign banks is much larger in low-income Countries (both in number of banks and in terms of assets) and this type of foreign banking is strongly regionally concentrated. Although foreign bank entry by both Developing country as well as high-income country banks seems to be driven by economic integration, common language and proximity, banks from Developing Countries are more likely to invest in small Developing Countries with weak institutions where high-income country banks are reluctant to go. This result seems to suggest that Developing country banks have a competitive advantage dealing with Countries with a weak institutional climate. Furthermore, our results indicate that Developing country foreign banks have a higher interest margin and are less profitable than foreign banks from high-income Countries.
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foreign banking in Developing Countries origin matters
Social Science Research Network, 2006Co-Authors: Neeltje Van HorenAbstract:Driven by globalization and increased financial integration, the last decade has seen many foreign banks entering Developing Countries. Although the majority of these banks are from high-income Countries, recently banks from Developing Countries have followed suit. This paper looks at this phenomenon, by examining the differences and similarities between Developing and high-income country foreign banks. Using a large dataset on banking sector FDI in Developing Countries, we find that 27 percent of all foreign banks in Developing Countries are owned by a bank from another Developing country, while these banks hold 5 percent of the foreign assets. The importance of Developing country foreign banks is much larger in low-income Countries (both in number of banks and in terms of assets) and this type of foreign banking is strongly regionally concentrated. Although foreign bank entry by both Developing country as well as high-income country banks seems to be driven by economic integration, common language and proximity, banks from Developing Countries are more likely to invest in small Developing Countries with weak institutions where high-income country banks are reluctant to go. This result seems to suggest that Developing country banks have a competitive advantage dealing with Countries with a weak institutional climate. Furthermore, our results indicate that Developing country foreign banks have a higher interest margin and are less profitable than foreign banks from high-income Countries.
Lokesh Khurana - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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obesity and the metabolic syndrome in Developing Countries
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2008Co-Authors: Anoop Misra, Lokesh KhuranaAbstract:Context: Prevalence of obesity and the metabolic syndrome is rapidly increasing in Developing Countries, leading to increased morbidity and mortality due to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease. Evidence Acquisition: Literature search was carried out using the terms obesity, insulin resistance, the metabolic syndrome, diabetes, dyslipidemia, nutrition, physical activity, and Developing Countries, from PubMed from 1966 to June 2008 and from web sites and published documents of the World Health Organization and Food and Agricultural Organization. Evidence Synthesis: With improvement in economic situation in Developing Countries, increasing prevalence of obesity and the metabolic syndrome is seen in adults and particularly in children. The main causes are increasing urbanization, nutrition transition, and reduced physical activity. Furthermore, aggressive community nutrition intervention programs for undernourished children may increase obesity. Some evidence suggests that widely preval...
Eric A Hanushek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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economic growth in Developing Countries the role of human capital
Economics of Education Review, 2013Co-Authors: Eric A HanushekAbstract:The focus on human capital as a driver of economic growth for Developing Countries has led to undue attention on school attainment. Developing Countries have made considerable progress in closing the gap with developed Countries in terms of school attainment, but recent research has underscored the importance of cognitive skills for economic growth. This result shifts attention to issues of school quality and, in that area Developing Countries have been much less successful in closing the gaps with developed Countries. Without improving school quality, Developing Countries will find it difficult to improve their long run economic performance.
