The Experts below are selected from a list of 288 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Candice Majewski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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laser sintered body armour establishing single layer stab protection
Rapid Prototyping Journal, 2017Co-Authors: Andrew Johnson, Guy A Bingham, Candice MajewskiAbstract:Purpose The purpose of this paper is to establish the minimum thickness required to provide stab protection in accordance with the United Kingdom Home Office Scientific Development Branch (HOSDB) standards while testing a series of laser sintered (LS) planar specimens using instrumented test apparatus. Design/methodology/approach Planar test specimens were LS in single-layer thicknesses ranging from 1.00 to 15.00 mm in four material powder categories – DuraForm® virgin, DuraForm 50/50 mix, DuraForm EX® virgin and DuraForm EX 50/50 mix. All specimens were tested using instrumented drop test apparatus and were impacted with established Stanley Tools 1992 trimming blades to the UK HOSDB KR1-E1 stab impact energy level. Findings The research demonstrated that a minimum single planar specimen thickness of 11.00 mm, manufactured from DuraForm EX 50/50 mix powder, was required to provide protection against the HOSDB KR1-E1 level of stab impact energy. The alternative powder mixes tested within this experiment demonstrated poor levels of stab protection, with virgin powder specimens demonstrating no protection up to 15.00 mm, whereas DuraForm 50/50 mix specimens demonstrating inconsistent performances. Originality/value This paper enhances on existing literature surrounding the manufacturing and testing of additive manufacturing (AM) stab-resistant armour by adding further rigour to the testing of AM body armour specimens. In addition, this research establishes key foundation characteristics which could be utilised for the future Development of bespoke AM body armour garments.
Andrew Johnson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Laser sintered body armour – establishing single layer stab protection
2018Co-Authors: Andrew Johnson, Guy Bingham, Candice E. MajewskiAbstract:Purpose: The purpose of this research was to establish the minimum thickness required to provide stab protection in accordance with the United Kingdom Home Office Scientific Development Branch (HOSDB) standards while testing a series of Laser Sintered planar specimens using instrumented test apparatus. Design/methodology/approach: Planar test specimens were Laser Sintered in single layer thicknesses ranging from 1.00 to 15.00 mm in four material powder categories – Duraform® virgin; Duraform® 50/50 mix, Duraform EX® virgin; and Duraform EX® 50/50 mix. All specimens were tested using instrumented drop test apparatus and were impacted with established Stanley Tools 1992 trimming blades to the UK HOSDB KR1-E1 stab impact energy. Findings: The research demonstrated that a minimum single planar specimen thickness of 11.00 mm, manufactured from Duraform EX® 50/50 mix powder, was required to provide protection against the HOSDB KR1-E1 level of stab impact energy. The alternative powder mixes tested within this experiment demonstrated poor levels of stab protection – with virgin powder specimens demonstrating no protection up to 15.00 mm, while Duraform® 50/50 mix specimens demonstrating inconsistent performances. Originality/Value: This paper enhances on existing literature surrounding the manufacturing and testing of Additive Manufactured stab resistant armour by adding further rigor to the testing of such specimens. In addition this research establishes key foundation characteristics which could be utilised for the future Development of bespoke next-generation body armour garments realised via Laser Sintering
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laser sintered body armour establishing single layer stab protection
Rapid Prototyping Journal, 2017Co-Authors: Andrew Johnson, Guy A Bingham, Candice MajewskiAbstract:Purpose The purpose of this paper is to establish the minimum thickness required to provide stab protection in accordance with the United Kingdom Home Office Scientific Development Branch (HOSDB) standards while testing a series of laser sintered (LS) planar specimens using instrumented test apparatus. Design/methodology/approach Planar test specimens were LS in single-layer thicknesses ranging from 1.00 to 15.00 mm in four material powder categories – DuraForm® virgin, DuraForm 50/50 mix, DuraForm EX® virgin and DuraForm EX 50/50 mix. All specimens were tested using instrumented drop test apparatus and were impacted with established Stanley Tools 1992 trimming blades to the UK HOSDB KR1-E1 stab impact energy level. Findings The research demonstrated that a minimum single planar specimen thickness of 11.00 mm, manufactured from DuraForm EX 50/50 mix powder, was required to provide protection against the HOSDB KR1-E1 level of stab impact energy. The alternative powder mixes tested within this experiment demonstrated poor levels of stab protection, with virgin powder specimens demonstrating no protection up to 15.00 mm, whereas DuraForm 50/50 mix specimens demonstrating inconsistent performances. Originality/value This paper enhances on existing literature surrounding the manufacturing and testing of additive manufacturing (AM) stab-resistant armour by adding further rigour to the testing of AM body armour specimens. In addition, this research establishes key foundation characteristics which could be utilised for the future Development of bespoke AM body armour garments.
S M Champion - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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An assessment of human performance in stabbing.
Forensic science international, 1999Co-Authors: I Horsfall, P D Prosser, C H Watson, S M ChampionAbstract:Stab-resistant body armour is now becoming a standard item of equipment for police officers in the United Kingdom. In the UK these are usually required to have a stab resistance as specified by the Police Scientific Development Branch KR42 standard [G. Parker, PSDB Stab Resistant Body Armour Test Procedure, Police Scientific Development Branch, Publication No 10/93, 1993]. There are several other test standards, all of which specify that body armour must resist penetration by a specific blade type delivered at a specific energy level or range of levels. However, the actual range of energy levels specified varies over almost an order of magnitude and the basis for these levels is not clearly defined. This paper describes tests to determine the energy range and characteristics of stabbing actions that might be directed against stab resistant body armour by an assailant. The energy and velocity that can be achieved in stabbing actions has been determined for a number of sample populations. Volunteers were asked to stab a target using an instrumented knife that measured the axial force and acceleration during the stabbing. The maximum energy obtained in underarm stabbing actions was 64 J whilst overarm stabbing actions could produce 115 J. The loads produced on contact with the target often approached 1000 N.
Jacek Czerwonka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Proceedings of the 27th IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance (ICSM 2011) - An Integration Resolution Algorithm for Mining Multiple Branches in Version Control Systems (Industry Track)
2011Co-Authors: Alexander Tarvo, Thomas Zimmermann, Jacek CzerwonkaAbstract:The high cost of software maintenance necessitates methods to improve the efficiency of the maintenance process. Such methods typically need a vast amount of knowledge about a system, which is often mined from software repositories. Collecting this data becomes a challenge if the system was developed using multiple code Branches. In this paper we present an integration resolution algorithm that facilitates data collection across multiple code Branches. The algorithm tracks code integrations across different Branches and associates code changes in the main Development Branch with corresponding changes in other Branches. We provide evidence for the practical relevance of this algorithm during the develop-ment of the Windows Vista Service Pack 2.
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ICSM - An integration resolution algorithm for mining multiple Branches in version control systems
2011 27th IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance (ICSM), 2011Co-Authors: Alexander Tarvo, Thomas Zimmermann, Jacek CzerwonkaAbstract:The high cost of software maintenance necessitates methods to improve the efficiency of the maintenance process. Such methods typically need a vast amount of knowledge about a system, which is often mined from software repositories. Collecting this data becomes a challenge if the system was developed using multiple code Branches. In this paper we present an integration resolution algorithm that facilitates data collection across multiple code Branches. The algorithm tracks code integrations across different Branches and associates code changes in the main Development Branch with corresponding changes in other Branches. We provide evidence for the practical relevance of this algorithm during the Development of the Windows Vista Service Pack 2.
Guy A Bingham - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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laser sintered body armour establishing single layer stab protection
Rapid Prototyping Journal, 2017Co-Authors: Andrew Johnson, Guy A Bingham, Candice MajewskiAbstract:Purpose The purpose of this paper is to establish the minimum thickness required to provide stab protection in accordance with the United Kingdom Home Office Scientific Development Branch (HOSDB) standards while testing a series of laser sintered (LS) planar specimens using instrumented test apparatus. Design/methodology/approach Planar test specimens were LS in single-layer thicknesses ranging from 1.00 to 15.00 mm in four material powder categories – DuraForm® virgin, DuraForm 50/50 mix, DuraForm EX® virgin and DuraForm EX 50/50 mix. All specimens were tested using instrumented drop test apparatus and were impacted with established Stanley Tools 1992 trimming blades to the UK HOSDB KR1-E1 stab impact energy level. Findings The research demonstrated that a minimum single planar specimen thickness of 11.00 mm, manufactured from DuraForm EX 50/50 mix powder, was required to provide protection against the HOSDB KR1-E1 level of stab impact energy. The alternative powder mixes tested within this experiment demonstrated poor levels of stab protection, with virgin powder specimens demonstrating no protection up to 15.00 mm, whereas DuraForm 50/50 mix specimens demonstrating inconsistent performances. Originality/value This paper enhances on existing literature surrounding the manufacturing and testing of additive manufacturing (AM) stab-resistant armour by adding further rigour to the testing of AM body armour specimens. In addition, this research establishes key foundation characteristics which could be utilised for the future Development of bespoke AM body armour garments.