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Barry N. Liebowitz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of Processing Mode on Trace Elements in Dewatered Sludge Products
Journal of Environmental Quality, 1997Co-Authors: Brian K. Richards, John H. Peverly, Tammo S. Steenhuis, Barry N. LiebowitzAbstract:Minimization of the concentration and mobility of trace metals is a primary concern when considering the land application of wastewater Sludges. The effects of pelletization/drying, composting, incineration, and N-Viro chemical stabilization on composition and mobility of trace metals and P were compared. One day's production of Dewatered digested Sludge (Syracuse, NY) was used as the sole feedstock so that observed differences would solely be a result of the process used. Mobility was determined using the toxic characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP). Analyte concentrations were essentially constant during Dewatered Sludge production with mean values (mg kg TS) of 5.6 Cd, 10.7 Co, 130 Cr, 587 Cu, 49.7 Mo, 35.8 Ni, 26 880 P, 132 Pb, and 545 Zn. Concentrations in pellets were similar to Dewatered Sludge, but were reduced in composted Sludge and N-Viro product by the addition of amendments. Incineration concentrated all analytes except Cd and Pb, which experienced volatilization losses. The mode of processing had widely ranging effects on mobilities. The TCLP-mobile fraction (percent of total) of analytes in Dewatered Sludge was
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effect of processing mode on trace elements in Dewatered Sludge products
Journal of Environmental Quality, 1997Co-Authors: Brian K. Richards, John H. Peverly, Tammo S. Steenhuis, Barry N. LiebowitzAbstract:Minimization of the concentration and mobility of trace metals is a primary concern when considering the land application of wastewater Sludges. The effects of pelletization/drying, composting, incineration, and N-Viro chemical stabilization on composition and mobility of trace metals and P were compared. One day's production of Dewatered digested Sludge (Syracuse, NY) was used as the sole feedstock so that observed differences would solely be a result of the process used. Mobility was determined using the toxic characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP). Analyte concentrations were essentially constant during Dewatered Sludge production with mean values (mg kg TS) of 5.6 Cd, 10.7 Co, 130 Cr, 587 Cu, 49.7 Mo, 35.8 Ni, 26 880 P, 132 Pb, and 545 Zn. Concentrations in pellets were similar to Dewatered Sludge, but were reduced in composted Sludge and N-Viro product by the addition of amendments. Incineration concentrated all analytes except Cd and Pb, which experienced volatilization losses. The mode of processing had widely ranging effects on mobilities. The TCLP-mobile fraction (percent of total) of analytes in Dewatered Sludge was <3% except Ni (7.1%), P (6.0%), and Zn (11.2%). Composting slightly increased Cd mobility, but reduced that of Ni and P. Pelletization increased the mobility of Cd (7.9%), Cu (3.8%), Ni (15.4%), and Zn (15%). The N-Viro process substantially increased mobilities of Cu (43%), Mo (50%), and Ni (24%) at elevated pH. Incineration increased mobilities of Cd and Mo, but reduced Ni, P, and Zn mobility. These results, with those of longer term in situ studies, can be used to guide the selection of Sludge processes that minimize potential metal and P mobility.
Jacek Namieśnik - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Monitoring of odors emitted from stabilized Dewatered Sludge subjected to aging using proton transfer reaction–mass spectrometry
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2019Co-Authors: Hubert Byliński, Radosław J. Barczak, Jacek Gębicki, Jacek NamieśnikAbstract:One of the potential emission sources of odorous compounds from wastewater treatment plants is Sludge processing. The odorous compounds released from Dewatered Sludge can result in odor nuisance. This study concerns the use of flux hood chamber combined with proton transfer reaction—time of flight—mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) technique for periodical monitoring of odorous compounds emitted from aged, stabilized Dewatered Sludge samples from 2 different wastewater treatment plants located in Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland. Based on determined concentration of the chemical compounds and olfactory threshold values, theoretical odor concentrations (known also as “odor activity value” or “odor index”) were calculated for 17 selected odorous compounds. As a result, sulfur compounds such as diethyl sulphide, dimethyl sulphide, methanethiol, and ethanethiol were estimated as the most significant chemical compounds responsible for malodorous effect (average results, e.g., methanethiol, 178 ou/m^3; diethyl sulphide, 184 ou/m^3). Based on Pearson correlation coefficient, we revealed a correlation between odorous substances emitted from aged, stabilized Dewatered Sludge cakes. It was revealed that stabilized Dewatered Sludge still possessed significant amount of odorous compounds and applied measurement technique could be used for monitoring of odor concentration level of selected malodorous compounds.
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Monitoring of odors emitted from stabilized Dewatered Sludge subjected to aging using proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2019Co-Authors: Hubert Byliński, Radosław J. Barczak, Jacek Gębicki, Jacek NamieśnikAbstract:One of the potential emission sources of odorous compounds from wastewater treatment plants is Sludge processing. The odorous compounds released from Dewatered Sludge can result in odor nuisance. This study concerns the use of flux hood chamber combined with proton transfer reaction-time of flight-mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) technique for periodical monitoring of odorous compounds emitted from aged, stabilized Dewatered Sludge samples from 2 different wastewater treatment plants located in Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland. Based on determined concentration of the chemical compounds and olfactory threshold values, theoretical odor concentrations (known also as "odor activity value" or "odor index") were calculated for 17 selected odorous compounds. As a result, sulfur compounds such as diethyl sulphide, dimethyl sulphide, methanethiol, and ethanethiol were estimated as the most significant chemical compounds responsible for malodorous effect (average results, e.g., methanethiol, 178 ou/m3; diethyl sulphide, 184 ou/m3). Based on Pearson correlation coefficient, we revealed a correlation between odorous substances emitted from aged, stabilized Dewatered Sludge cakes. It was revealed that stabilized Dewatered Sludge still possessed significant amount of odorous compounds and applied measurement technique could be used for monitoring of odor concentration level of selected malodorous compounds.
Lei Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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energy efficient co biodrying of Dewatered Sludge and food waste synergistic enhancement and variables investigation
Waste Management, 2016Co-Authors: Lei ZhangAbstract:In this study, Dewatered Sludge (DS) and food waste (FW) were co-biodried by balancing substrate’s property and microbial aspect. A series of experiments were conducted to explore the effects of mixing ratio, particle size of bulking agent, air-flow rate and initial moisture content (MC). A synergistic enhancement of co-biodrying of FW and DS was observed in terms of a stable temperature profile and long high-temperature duration. The biodrying index (water removal/VS consumption) indicated that the co-biodrying had a high efficiency for water removal with less organics consumption, especially for DS/FW = 2/2. The small size (<3 mm) of bulking agent and initial MC of 62.68% was preferable for the biodrying process by providing adequate free air space and extra carbon source. A moderate air-flow rate of 0.04 m3 h−1 kg−1 showed the best water carrying capacity. This finding suggests that the co-biodrying strategy could be a promising approach to treating different organic wastes with synergistic enhancement.
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Energy-efficient co-biodrying of Dewatered Sludge and food waste: Synergistic enhancement and variables investigation.
Waste Management, 2016Co-Authors: Lei ZhangAbstract:In this study, Dewatered Sludge (DS) and food waste (FW) were co-biodried by balancing substrate’s property and microbial aspect. A series of experiments were conducted to explore the effects of mixing ratio, particle size of bulking agent, air-flow rate and initial moisture content (MC). A synergistic enhancement of co-biodrying of FW and DS was observed in terms of a stable temperature profile and long high-temperature duration. The biodrying index (water removal/VS consumption) indicated that the co-biodrying had a high efficiency for water removal with less organics consumption, especially for DS/FW = 2/2. The small size (
Xiaohu Dai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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two phase high solid anaerobic digestion with Dewatered Sludge improved volatile solid degradation and specific methane generation by temperature and ph regulation
Bioresource Technology, 2018Co-Authors: Guopeng Wang, Xiaohu Dai, Dong Zhang, Bin DongAbstract:The effects of temperature and pH on volatile solid (VS) degradation and CH4 production of anaerobic digestion treating high-solid municipal Dewatered Sludge was studied. There were two single-phase reactors in Group 1: 35 and 55 °C reactors. In Group 2 (G2), acidification phase temperature was 55 °C or 70 °C and digestion phase temperature was 35 °C or 55 °C. G3 was set on the basis of G2 with the initial pH adjusted to 10.0. VS degradation ratio and CH4 generation ratio of G2 and G3 were higher than G1. In G2, acidification reactors did not show much difference on VS degradation and CH4 generation. Higher VS degradation ratio with higher CH4 generation ratio was get in extreme thermophilic/thermophilic-mesophilic systems. In G3, pH adjustment only promoted VS degradation and CH4 generation in acidification reactors when compared to G2, but the two ratios of the whole systems was not further enhanced.
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metabolic adaptation of microbial communities to ammonium stress in a high solid anaerobic digester with Dewatered Sludge
Scientific Reports, 2016Co-Authors: Xiaohu Dai, Lingling Dai, Han Yan, Yueling Ding, Bin DongAbstract:A high solid digester with Dewatered Sludge was operated for 110 days to ascertain the interactions between bacterial and archaeal communities under ammonium stress, as well as the corresponding changes in bio-degradation mechanisms. The volatile solids reduction (95% confidence intervals in mean) changed from 31.6 ± 0.9% in the stable period (day 40–55) to 21.3 ± 1.5% in the last period (day 71–110) when ammonium concentration was elevated to be within 5,000–6,000 mgN/L. Biogas yield dropped accordingly from 11.9 ± 0.3 to 10.4 ± 0.2 L/d and carbon dioxide increased simultaneously from 35.2% to 44.8%. Anaerobranca better adapted to the ammonium stress, while the initially dominant protein-degrading microbes-Tepidimicrobium and Proteiniborus were suppressed, probably responsible for the increase of protein content in digestate. Meanwhile, Methanosarcina, as the dominant Archaea, was resistant to ammonium stress with the constant relative abundance of more than 92% during the whole operation. Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) analysis was thus conducted which indicated that the gradually increased TAN dictated the bacterial clusters. The dominant Methanosarcina and the increased carbon dioxide content under ammonium stress suggested that, rather than the commonly acknowledged syntrophic acetate oxidation (SAO) with hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis, only SAO pathway was enhanced during the initial ‘ammonium inhibition’.
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Steady State Model of Solid-State Anaerobic Digestion of Dewatered Sludge Under Mesophilic Conditions☆
Procedia Environmental Sciences, 2013Co-Authors: Xiaohu Dai, Nina Duan, Bin Dong, Lingling DaiAbstract:Solid-state anaerobic digestion of Dewatered Sludge was investigated under mesophilic conditions and a steady state model was developed to help reactor design for solid state anaerobic digestion system of Dewatered Sludge. Biogas yield, volatile solid reduction and methane content showed good linear relationship with OLR (or 1/SRT) at long SRTs (≥ 10d). The minimum SRT at which system failure occurred was 3 days. Maximum VS reduction and biogas yield was estimated 44.83% and 0.420 l·g-1 VSadded-1d-1. First order constant k was 0.24 d-1. The model can be used to predict system performance and help reactor design.
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Hydrolysis and acidification of Dewatered Sludge under mesophilic, thermophilic and extreme thermophilic conditions: effect of pH.
Bioresource Technology, 2013Co-Authors: Xiaoguang Liu, Bin Dong, Xiaohu DaiAbstract:Abstract This study investigated the effect of pH (uncontrolled, 8.0, 10.0 and 12.0) and temperature (mesophilic, thermophilic and extreme thermophilic) on hydrolysis and acidification of Dewatered Sludge in 7-day batch fermentation experiment. Solublization of COD, protein and carbohydrates as well as concentration and composition of VFAs were investigated. Sludge hydrolysis was enhanced with higher pH and temperature. The maximum SCOD, soluble protein and carbohydrates was observed at pH 12.0 at extreme thermophilic condition. The maximum VFAs yield was obtained at thermophilic and was 2.15 times that at mesophilic condition, but it took more time to reach the maximum. The VFAs consisted of acetic, propionic, iso-butyric, n -butyric, iso-valeric, and n -valeric acids, and acetic acid was the prevalent product in most cases except for uncontrolled pH and pH 8.0 at mesophilic condition. The methane production was as follows: pH 8.0 > pH 10.0 > uncontrolled (0.015) > pH 12.0; mesophilic > thermophilic > extreme thermophilic.
Brian K. Richards - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of Processing Mode on Trace Elements in Dewatered Sludge Products
Journal of Environmental Quality, 1997Co-Authors: Brian K. Richards, John H. Peverly, Tammo S. Steenhuis, Barry N. LiebowitzAbstract:Minimization of the concentration and mobility of trace metals is a primary concern when considering the land application of wastewater Sludges. The effects of pelletization/drying, composting, incineration, and N-Viro chemical stabilization on composition and mobility of trace metals and P were compared. One day's production of Dewatered digested Sludge (Syracuse, NY) was used as the sole feedstock so that observed differences would solely be a result of the process used. Mobility was determined using the toxic characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP). Analyte concentrations were essentially constant during Dewatered Sludge production with mean values (mg kg TS) of 5.6 Cd, 10.7 Co, 130 Cr, 587 Cu, 49.7 Mo, 35.8 Ni, 26 880 P, 132 Pb, and 545 Zn. Concentrations in pellets were similar to Dewatered Sludge, but were reduced in composted Sludge and N-Viro product by the addition of amendments. Incineration concentrated all analytes except Cd and Pb, which experienced volatilization losses. The mode of processing had widely ranging effects on mobilities. The TCLP-mobile fraction (percent of total) of analytes in Dewatered Sludge was
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effect of processing mode on trace elements in Dewatered Sludge products
Journal of Environmental Quality, 1997Co-Authors: Brian K. Richards, John H. Peverly, Tammo S. Steenhuis, Barry N. LiebowitzAbstract:Minimization of the concentration and mobility of trace metals is a primary concern when considering the land application of wastewater Sludges. The effects of pelletization/drying, composting, incineration, and N-Viro chemical stabilization on composition and mobility of trace metals and P were compared. One day's production of Dewatered digested Sludge (Syracuse, NY) was used as the sole feedstock so that observed differences would solely be a result of the process used. Mobility was determined using the toxic characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP). Analyte concentrations were essentially constant during Dewatered Sludge production with mean values (mg kg TS) of 5.6 Cd, 10.7 Co, 130 Cr, 587 Cu, 49.7 Mo, 35.8 Ni, 26 880 P, 132 Pb, and 545 Zn. Concentrations in pellets were similar to Dewatered Sludge, but were reduced in composted Sludge and N-Viro product by the addition of amendments. Incineration concentrated all analytes except Cd and Pb, which experienced volatilization losses. The mode of processing had widely ranging effects on mobilities. The TCLP-mobile fraction (percent of total) of analytes in Dewatered Sludge was <3% except Ni (7.1%), P (6.0%), and Zn (11.2%). Composting slightly increased Cd mobility, but reduced that of Ni and P. Pelletization increased the mobility of Cd (7.9%), Cu (3.8%), Ni (15.4%), and Zn (15%). The N-Viro process substantially increased mobilities of Cu (43%), Mo (50%), and Ni (24%) at elevated pH. Incineration increased mobilities of Cd and Mo, but reduced Ni, P, and Zn mobility. These results, with those of longer term in situ studies, can be used to guide the selection of Sludge processes that minimize potential metal and P mobility.