The Experts below are selected from a list of 24462 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Joseph F. Dasta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dexmedetomidine: An Updated Review
The Annals of pharmacotherapy, 2007Co-Authors: Anthony T Gerlach, Joseph F. DastaAbstract:To review recent literature on the safety and efficacy of Dexmedetomidine. Articles were identified through searches of MEDLINE (1966-January 2007). Key words included Dexmedetomidine, medetomidine, alpha(2)-agonist, and sedation. References from selected articles were reviewed for additional references. Experimental and observational studies that focused on the safety and efficacy of Dexmedetomidine in humans were selected. Dexmedetomidine is an alpha(2)-agonist for short-term sedation in critically ill patients. In postoperative patients, Dexmedetomidine produced similar levels of sedation and times to extubation, with less opioid requirements compared with propofol. Dexmedetomidine has also been studied for sedation in critically ill medical and pediatric patients, as adjunct to anesthesia, and for procedural sedation. Hypotension, hypertension, and bradycardia are common adverse effects. Although Dexmedetomidine is labeled only for sedation less than 24 hours, it has been administered for longer than 24 hours without apparent development of rebound hypertension and tachycardia. Dexmedetomidine is a safe and effective agent for sedation in critically ill patients. Further, well designed studies are needed to define its role as a sedative for critically ill medical, neurosurgical, and pediatric patients, as an adjunct to anesthesia, and as a sedative during procedures.
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Dexmedetomidine an updated review
Annals of Pharmacotherapy, 2007Co-Authors: Anthony T Gerlach, Joseph F. DastaAbstract:Objective:To review recent literature on the safety and efficacy of Dexmedetomidine.Data Sources:Articles were identified through searches of MEDLINE (1966–January 2007). Key words included Dexmedetomidine, medetomidine, α2-agonist, and sedation. References from selected articles were reviewed for additional references.Study Selection and Data Extraction:Experimental and observational studies that focused on the safety and efficacy of Dexmedetomidine in humans were selected.Data Synthesis:Dexmedetomidine is an α2-agonist for short-term sedation in critically ill patients. In postoperative patients, Dexmedetomidine produced similar levels of sedation and times to extubation, with less opioid requirements compared with propofol. Dexmedetomidine has also been studied for sedation in critically ill medical and pediatric patients, as adjunct to anesthesia, and for procedural sedation. Hypotension, hypertension, and bradycardia are common adverse effects. Although Dexmedetomidine is labeled only for sedation le...
Stacey Hooper - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dexmedetomidine withdrawal syndrome and opioid sensitivity.
BMJ supportive & palliative care, 2020Co-Authors: Lana Ferguson, Stacey HooperAbstract:This case report describes the use of Dexmedetomidine for refractory cancer pain management in a patient with significant pelvic disease due to metastatic urothelial cancer. Specifically, the management of increased opioid sensitivity secondary to Dexmedetomidine is discussed. Further, the phenomenon of Dexmedetomidine withdrawal syndrome and our management of this is addressed.
Anthony T Gerlach - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sedation with Dexmedetomidine in the intensive care setting.
Open access emergency medicine : OAEM, 2011Co-Authors: Anthony T Gerlach, Claire MurphyAbstract:Dexmedetomidine is an α-2 agonist that produces sedation and analgesia without compromising the respiratory drive. Use of Dexmedetomidine as a sedative in the critically ill is associated with fewer opioid requirements compared with propofol and a similar time at goal sedation compared with benzodiazepines. Dexmedetomidine may produce negative hemodynamic effects including lower mean heart rates and potentially more bradycardia than other sedatives used in the critically ill. Recent studies have demonstrated that Dexmedetomidine is safe at higher dosages, but more studies are needed to determine whether the efficacy of Dexmedetomidine is dose dependent. In addition, further research is required to define Dexmedetomidine's role in the care of delirious critically ill patients, as many, but not all, studies have indicated favorable outcomes.
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Dexmedetomidine: An Updated Review
The Annals of pharmacotherapy, 2007Co-Authors: Anthony T Gerlach, Joseph F. DastaAbstract:To review recent literature on the safety and efficacy of Dexmedetomidine. Articles were identified through searches of MEDLINE (1966-January 2007). Key words included Dexmedetomidine, medetomidine, alpha(2)-agonist, and sedation. References from selected articles were reviewed for additional references. Experimental and observational studies that focused on the safety and efficacy of Dexmedetomidine in humans were selected. Dexmedetomidine is an alpha(2)-agonist for short-term sedation in critically ill patients. In postoperative patients, Dexmedetomidine produced similar levels of sedation and times to extubation, with less opioid requirements compared with propofol. Dexmedetomidine has also been studied for sedation in critically ill medical and pediatric patients, as adjunct to anesthesia, and for procedural sedation. Hypotension, hypertension, and bradycardia are common adverse effects. Although Dexmedetomidine is labeled only for sedation less than 24 hours, it has been administered for longer than 24 hours without apparent development of rebound hypertension and tachycardia. Dexmedetomidine is a safe and effective agent for sedation in critically ill patients. Further, well designed studies are needed to define its role as a sedative for critically ill medical, neurosurgical, and pediatric patients, as an adjunct to anesthesia, and as a sedative during procedures.
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Dexmedetomidine an updated review
Annals of Pharmacotherapy, 2007Co-Authors: Anthony T Gerlach, Joseph F. DastaAbstract:Objective:To review recent literature on the safety and efficacy of Dexmedetomidine.Data Sources:Articles were identified through searches of MEDLINE (1966–January 2007). Key words included Dexmedetomidine, medetomidine, α2-agonist, and sedation. References from selected articles were reviewed for additional references.Study Selection and Data Extraction:Experimental and observational studies that focused on the safety and efficacy of Dexmedetomidine in humans were selected.Data Synthesis:Dexmedetomidine is an α2-agonist for short-term sedation in critically ill patients. In postoperative patients, Dexmedetomidine produced similar levels of sedation and times to extubation, with less opioid requirements compared with propofol. Dexmedetomidine has also been studied for sedation in critically ill medical and pediatric patients, as adjunct to anesthesia, and for procedural sedation. Hypotension, hypertension, and bradycardia are common adverse effects. Although Dexmedetomidine is labeled only for sedation le...
Chad M. Brummett - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Safety and efficiency of Dexmedetomidine as adjuvant to local anesthetics.
Current opinion in anaesthesiology, 2016Co-Authors: Peter Marhofer, Chad M. BrummettAbstract:To review the current knowledge of Dexmedetomidine as an additive drug to local anesthetics in peripheral and neuraxial regional anesthesia. Recent studies show a perineural mode of action of Dexmedetomidine. Pharmacodynamic characteristics of peripheral and neuraxial regional anesthetic techniques are optimized by the addition of Dexmedetomidine to long-acting local anesthetics. Bradycardia and sedation are the main systemic side-effects of Dexmedetomidine for regional anesthesia purposes. A dose of approximately 100 μg Dexmedetomidine for peripheral techniques may represent the optimal balance between optimization of block characteristics and side-effects. Doses between 3 and 10 μg are described to be sufficient for spinal administration. Dexmedetomidine has a potency to ameliorate pharmacodynamic characteristics of peripheral and neuraxial regional anesthetic techniques and is therefore currently the most promising additive drug in regional anesthesia. Future scientific efforts should focus on dose finding studies for particular regional anesthetic techniques. Approval of Dexmedetomidine for regional anesthetic indications should be the final target.
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Dexmedetomidine added to ropivacaine extends the duration of interscalene brachial plexus blocks for elective shoulder surgery when compared with ropivacaine alone a single center prospective triple blind randomized controlled trial
Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, 2014Co-Authors: Gerhard Fritsch, Thomas Danninger, Karl Allerberger, Alexander Tsodikov, Thomas K Felder, Monika Kapeller, Peter Gerner, Chad M. BrummettAbstract:Background and Objectives Research suggests that the addition of Dexmedetomidine to local anesthetics can prolong peripheral nerve blocks; however, clinical safety data are limited, and interscalene blocks have not been studied. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that Dexmedetomidine added to ropivacaine would safely enhance the duration of analgesia without adverse effects when compared with ropivacaine alone. Methods We conducted a single-center, prospective, randomized, triple-blind, controlled trial of 62 patients undergoing elective shoulder surgery under general anesthesia with an interscalene block. Patients underwent ultrasound-guided interscalene blocks using either 12 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine or 0.5% ropivacaine plus 150-µg Dexmedetomidine. The primary outcomes were self-reported duration of the nerve block and safety assessment (adverse effects and neurological sequelae). Data were analyzed in a blinded fashion. Results The median duration of the nerve block was 18 hours (95% confidence interval, 18–20) in the Dexmedetomidine group and 14 hours (95% confidence interval, 14–16) in the ropivacaine group (P = 0.0001). Dexmedetomidine also lowered pain scores for the first 14 hours postoperatively and significantly hastened the time to sensory (P = 0.04) and motor (P = 0.002) block onset. Dexmedetomidine lowered heart rate but blood pressures were stable. Plasma levels of ropivacaine were not different between groups, and plasma Dexmedetomidine levels were relatively low. There were no adverse events or neurological sequelae. Conclusions Dexmedetomidine added to ropivacaine for interscalene blocks increased the duration of the nerve block and improved postoperative pain. These additional efficacy and safety data should encourage further study of peripheral perineural Dexmedetomidine in humans.
Lana Ferguson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dexmedetomidine withdrawal syndrome and opioid sensitivity.
BMJ supportive & palliative care, 2020Co-Authors: Lana Ferguson, Stacey HooperAbstract:This case report describes the use of Dexmedetomidine for refractory cancer pain management in a patient with significant pelvic disease due to metastatic urothelial cancer. Specifically, the management of increased opioid sensitivity secondary to Dexmedetomidine is discussed. Further, the phenomenon of Dexmedetomidine withdrawal syndrome and our management of this is addressed.