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Anil Gulati - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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modulation of Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin induced systemic and regional hemodynamic response by ethanol in normal rats
Life Sciences, 2001Co-Authors: Rameshraja Palaparthy, Bindu K Saini, Anil GulatiAbstract:Abstract DCLHb, a Hemoglobin based oxygen carrier, has been extensively studied for the treatment of hemorrhagic shock in both animal models and humans. Numerous accidents resulting in trauma are due to ethanol intoxication, in particular cases of car accidents. Therefore, trauma patients might be intoxicated with drugs of abuse like ethanol. Ethanol has significant effects on the cardiovascular system including peripheral vasodilation and decreased myocardial contractility. Such effects are likely to alter the cardiovascular actions of DCLHb, a resuscitative agent. Hence, this study investigated the effect of ethanol on the cardiovascular actions of DCLHb. Urethane anesthetized male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into following groups (i) Saline + DCLHb (400 mg/kg) (n = 9), (ii) Ethanol (1 g/kg) + DCLHb (400 mg/kg) (n = 9), and (iii) Ethanol (4 g/kg) + DCLHb (400 mg/kg) (n = 8). Cardiovascular parameters were determined using a radioactive microsphere technique. DCLHb when administered to saline treated rats produced an increase in MAP, TPR, decreased renal and hepatic blood flow and increased blood flow to the skin and mesentery & pancreas. A high dose of ethanol (4 g/kg) significantly attenuated the DCLHb induced pressor response (p
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effect of Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin on systemic and regional blood circulation in pregnant rats
Artificial Cells Blood Substitutes and Biotechnology, 1997Co-Authors: Yumi Dong, Anil GulatiAbstract:Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin (DCLHbTM; Baxter Healthcare Corp., Round Lake. IL, USA) is a biochemically stable Hemoglobin based solution with excellent oxygen carrying capacity. Studies have been conducted in male rats to determine the effect of DCLHb on systemic and regional blood circulation. However, the cardiovascular effect of DCLHb has not been studied in female rats. In the present study the effect of DCLHb (400 mg/kg, i.v.) was observed on systemic hemodynamic parameters and regional blood circulation in non-pregnant rats, and in 9-day pregnant and 18-day pregnant rats. DCLHb increased mean arterial pressure (MAP) and total peripheral resistance (TPR) and increased blood flow to the heart, gastrointestinal tract (GIT), mesentery & pancreas, and skin in all groups of rats. The basal blood flow to the ovaries was higher in 18-day pregnant rats when compared to non-pregnant and 9-day pregnant rats. DCLHb further increased blood flow to the ovaries of 18-day pregnant rats. It is concluded that DCL...
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resuscitation with Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin increases cerebral and renal blood perfusion in hemorrhaged rats
Artificial Cells Blood Substitutes and Biotechnology, 1997Co-Authors: Ashok Kumar, Pramod R Saxena, Anil GulatiAbstract:Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin (DCLHbTM Baxter Healthcare Corp., Round Lake, IL, USA), a Hemoglobin-based blood substitute has been found to be an effective resuscitative agent following hemorrhage in animals. The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of DCLHb on microvascular perfusion in the brain and kidney following hemorrhage in anaesthetized, male Sprague Dawley rats using laser Doppler flowmetry. Hemorrhage was induced by withdrawal of arterial blood at a rate of 0.5 to 1.0 ml/min until blood pressure of 35–40 mmHg was achieved. This was maintained for up to 30 min. The arterial blood pH, pO2, pCO2, and total Hemoglobin (THb) were monitored. Hemorrhage significantly decreased pH, pCO2 and THb and increased p2O. Hemorrhage significantly decreased (26%) brain blood perfusion due to a decrease (17%) in the concentration of moving red blood cells (CMBC). In the kidney there was a greater decrease (65%) in blood perfusion due to a significant decrease in both CMBC (28%) and red blood ce...
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dose response effect of Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin dclhb on systemic hemodynamics and regional blood circulation in rats
Artificial Cells Blood Substitutes and Biotechnology, 1997Co-Authors: Abhijit Barve, Pramod R Saxena, Anil GulatiAbstract:Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin (DCLHbTM, Baxter Healthcare Corporation) a Hemoglobin-based blood substitute has been found to increase mean arterial pressure (MAP) in a dose limiting manner. The present study was undertaken to determine dose-dependent effects of DCLHb on systemic hemodynamics and regional blood circulation. DCLHb (10% solution) in doses of 133, 400 and 1200 mg/kg i.v. was given to urethane anaesthetized rats. Normal saline (12 ml/kg) served as a control. Cardiovascular parameters were determined using a radioactive microsphere technique. DCLHb in the doses of 133, 400 and 1200 mg/kg i.v. produced a 46%, 67% and 65% increase in MAP, respectively. Total peripheral resistance (TPR) increased significantly with 133 and 400 mg/kg dose, while cardiac output increased significantly with 400 and 1200 mg/kg dose. There was no change in heart rate. A dose of 133 mg/kg of DCLHb produced a significant decrease in blood flow to the musculoskeletal system, kidney and liver. DCLHb in the dose of 400 a...
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role of endothelin in the cardiovascular effects of Diaspirin Crosslinked and stroma reduced Hemoglobin
Critical Care Medicine, 1996Co-Authors: Anil Gulati, Avadhesh C Sharma, Govind SinghAbstract:ObjectivesDiaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin is a resuscitative solution with excellent oxygen-carrying capacity. Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin produces an immediate increase in blood pressure and marked regional circulatory changes in rats and pigs. Our objective was to determine the role of endot
Daniel J. Cole - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of Subarachnoid Administration of α-α Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin on Cerebral Blood Flow in Rats
Artificial Cells Blood Substitutes and Biotechnology, 2009Co-Authors: Daniel J. Cole, Lorne D. Mckay, Wayne K. Jacobsen, J. C. Drummond, P. M. PatelAbstract:As extravasated red blood cells have been implicated in the pathogenesis of perfusion deficits after subarachnoid hemorrhage, α-α Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin (DCLHbTM) might have a detrimental effect on cerebral perfusion after subarachnoid hemorrhage. We evaluated the effect of subarachnoid administration of DCLHb on cerebral blood flow (CBF). Rats were randomized to receive one of the following solutions into the cisterna magna: Control-0.3 ml of mock cerebrospinal fluid; Blood-0.3 ml of autologous blood; DCLHb-0.3 ml of 10% DCLHb. After 20-min, the area of cerebral hypoperfusion was determined (CBF
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α-α Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin, Nitric Oxide, and Cerebral Ischemic Injury in Rats
Artificial Cells Blood Substitutes and Biotechnology, 2009Co-Authors: Daniel J. Cole, J. C. Drummond, P. M. Patel, Jeffrey C. Nary, Wayne K. JacobsenAbstract:Prior studies indicate that α-α Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin (DCLHbTM) decreases cerebral ischemia. One mechanism whereby DCLHb may ameliorate cerebral ischemia is by binding nitric oxide (NO), which has been implicated as neurotoxic. We assessed the effect of L-NAME (NO synthase inhibitor) and L-arginine (NO substrate) on ischemic brain injury after DCLHb infusion. Rats were randomized to one of the following groups: Control-no hematocrit manipulation; DCLHb-hematocrit decreased to 16% with 10% DCLHb; DCLHb/L-NAME-hematocrit decreased to 16% with DCLHb, and L-NAME given; DCLHb/L-arg-hematocrit decreased to 16% with DCLHb, and L-arginine given. After 90-min of middle cerebral artery occlusion and 4-hr of reperfusion, infarct volume was determined with TTC stain. Infarct volume (mm3, mean±SD) was greater in the Control group (142±16) than the DCLHb (43±12), DCLHb/L-NAME (45±14), and DCLHb/L-arg (71±18) groups (p
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Effect of alpha-alpha Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin (DCLHb) on the potency of sodium nitroprusside and nitroglycerine to decrease blood pressure in rats: a dose-response study.
Artificial Cells Blood Substitutes and Biotechnology, 2000Co-Authors: Sandra M. Erhart, J. C. Drummond, Daniel J. Cole, P. M. Patel, Kenneth E BurhopAbstract:The nitrovasodilators, sodium nitroprusside and nitroglycerine, effect a dose-dependent decrease in mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) by liberating nitric oxide. α-α Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin (DCLHbTM) is known to bind nitric oxide. We studied the effect of DCLHb on the potency of sodium nitroprusside (n=36) and nitroglycerine (n=36) to decrease MABP in rats which received 1, 10, 100, 1,000, or 10,000 mg/kg of the DCLHb, or normal saline as the Control. Six doses of sodium nitroprusside or nitroglycerine were given to each rat in a systematically varied sequence. For both drugs, in rats given 1, 10, or 100 mg/kg of DCLHb there were no between groups differences in the change in MABP compared to the Control group. For rats that received 1,000 or 10,000 mg/kg of DCLHb, the potency of nitroglycerine and sodium nitroprusside to decrease MABP was less (p
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effect of alpha alpha Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin dclhb on the potency of sodium nitroprusside and nitroglycerine to decrease blood pressure in rats a dose response study
Artificial Cells Blood Substitutes and Biotechnology, 2000Co-Authors: Sandra M. Erhart, J. C. Drummond, Daniel J. Cole, P. M. Patel, Kenneth E BurhopAbstract:The nitrovasodilators, sodium nitroprusside and nitroglycerine, effect a dose-dependent decrease in mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) by liberating nitric oxide. α-α Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin (DCLHbTM) is known to bind nitric oxide. We studied the effect of DCLHb on the potency of sodium nitroprusside (n=36) and nitroglycerine (n=36) to decrease MABP in rats which received 1, 10, 100, 1,000, or 10,000 mg/kg of the DCLHb, or normal saline as the Control. Six doses of sodium nitroprusside or nitroglycerine were given to each rat in a systematically varied sequence. For both drugs, in rats given 1, 10, or 100 mg/kg of DCLHb there were no between groups differences in the change in MABP compared to the Control group. For rats that received 1,000 or 10,000 mg/kg of DCLHb, the potency of nitroglycerine and sodium nitroprusside to decrease MABP was less (p<0.05) than the other groups. These data support the hypothesis that small doses of DCLHb effect a minimal change in the potency of nitrovasodilators ...
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Subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats: effect of singular or sustained hemodilution with alpha-alpha Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin on cerebral hypoperfusion.
Critical Care Medicine, 1999Co-Authors: Daniel J. Cole, J. C. Drummond, P. M. Patel, Jeffrey C. Nary, Lowell Reynolds, Wayne K. JacobsenAbstract:OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of singular or sustained hemodilution, with alpha-alpha Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin (DCLHb), on the area of hypoperfusion after subarachnoid hemorrhage. DESIGN: Prospective animal study. SETTING: Animal research laboratory. SUBJECTS: Isoflurane anesthetized, mechanically ventilated rats. INTERVENTIONS: Subarachnoid hemorrhage was induced by injecting 0.3 mL of blood into the cisterna magna. The animals were randomly assigned to one of the following groups (n = 16 in each hemodilution group; eight animals received a single treatment of hemodilution after subarachnoid hemorrhage; and, for eight animals, treatment was sustained for 48 hrs): control group (n = 8), no hematocrit (45%) manipulation; DCLHb group (n = 16), hematocrit decreased to 30% with DCLHb; or Alb group (n = 16), hematocrit decreased to 30% with human serum albumin. After 48 hrs, the area of hypoperfusion (cerebral blood flow < 40 ml/100g/min) was determined with 14C-iodoantipyrine in five coronal brain sections. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: For both singular and sustained treatment, the area of hypoperfusion was less in both hemodilution groups than in the control group (p
J. C. Drummond - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of Subarachnoid Administration of α-α Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin on Cerebral Blood Flow in Rats
Artificial Cells Blood Substitutes and Biotechnology, 2009Co-Authors: Daniel J. Cole, Lorne D. Mckay, Wayne K. Jacobsen, J. C. Drummond, P. M. PatelAbstract:As extravasated red blood cells have been implicated in the pathogenesis of perfusion deficits after subarachnoid hemorrhage, α-α Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin (DCLHbTM) might have a detrimental effect on cerebral perfusion after subarachnoid hemorrhage. We evaluated the effect of subarachnoid administration of DCLHb on cerebral blood flow (CBF). Rats were randomized to receive one of the following solutions into the cisterna magna: Control-0.3 ml of mock cerebrospinal fluid; Blood-0.3 ml of autologous blood; DCLHb-0.3 ml of 10% DCLHb. After 20-min, the area of cerebral hypoperfusion was determined (CBF
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α-α Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin, Nitric Oxide, and Cerebral Ischemic Injury in Rats
Artificial Cells Blood Substitutes and Biotechnology, 2009Co-Authors: Daniel J. Cole, J. C. Drummond, P. M. Patel, Jeffrey C. Nary, Wayne K. JacobsenAbstract:Prior studies indicate that α-α Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin (DCLHbTM) decreases cerebral ischemia. One mechanism whereby DCLHb may ameliorate cerebral ischemia is by binding nitric oxide (NO), which has been implicated as neurotoxic. We assessed the effect of L-NAME (NO synthase inhibitor) and L-arginine (NO substrate) on ischemic brain injury after DCLHb infusion. Rats were randomized to one of the following groups: Control-no hematocrit manipulation; DCLHb-hematocrit decreased to 16% with 10% DCLHb; DCLHb/L-NAME-hematocrit decreased to 16% with DCLHb, and L-NAME given; DCLHb/L-arg-hematocrit decreased to 16% with DCLHb, and L-arginine given. After 90-min of middle cerebral artery occlusion and 4-hr of reperfusion, infarct volume was determined with TTC stain. Infarct volume (mm3, mean±SD) was greater in the Control group (142±16) than the DCLHb (43±12), DCLHb/L-NAME (45±14), and DCLHb/L-arg (71±18) groups (p
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Effect of alpha-alpha Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin (DCLHb) on the potency of sodium nitroprusside and nitroglycerine to decrease blood pressure in rats: a dose-response study.
Artificial Cells Blood Substitutes and Biotechnology, 2000Co-Authors: Sandra M. Erhart, J. C. Drummond, Daniel J. Cole, P. M. Patel, Kenneth E BurhopAbstract:The nitrovasodilators, sodium nitroprusside and nitroglycerine, effect a dose-dependent decrease in mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) by liberating nitric oxide. α-α Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin (DCLHbTM) is known to bind nitric oxide. We studied the effect of DCLHb on the potency of sodium nitroprusside (n=36) and nitroglycerine (n=36) to decrease MABP in rats which received 1, 10, 100, 1,000, or 10,000 mg/kg of the DCLHb, or normal saline as the Control. Six doses of sodium nitroprusside or nitroglycerine were given to each rat in a systematically varied sequence. For both drugs, in rats given 1, 10, or 100 mg/kg of DCLHb there were no between groups differences in the change in MABP compared to the Control group. For rats that received 1,000 or 10,000 mg/kg of DCLHb, the potency of nitroglycerine and sodium nitroprusside to decrease MABP was less (p
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effect of alpha alpha Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin dclhb on the potency of sodium nitroprusside and nitroglycerine to decrease blood pressure in rats a dose response study
Artificial Cells Blood Substitutes and Biotechnology, 2000Co-Authors: Sandra M. Erhart, J. C. Drummond, Daniel J. Cole, P. M. Patel, Kenneth E BurhopAbstract:The nitrovasodilators, sodium nitroprusside and nitroglycerine, effect a dose-dependent decrease in mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) by liberating nitric oxide. α-α Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin (DCLHbTM) is known to bind nitric oxide. We studied the effect of DCLHb on the potency of sodium nitroprusside (n=36) and nitroglycerine (n=36) to decrease MABP in rats which received 1, 10, 100, 1,000, or 10,000 mg/kg of the DCLHb, or normal saline as the Control. Six doses of sodium nitroprusside or nitroglycerine were given to each rat in a systematically varied sequence. For both drugs, in rats given 1, 10, or 100 mg/kg of DCLHb there were no between groups differences in the change in MABP compared to the Control group. For rats that received 1,000 or 10,000 mg/kg of DCLHb, the potency of nitroglycerine and sodium nitroprusside to decrease MABP was less (p<0.05) than the other groups. These data support the hypothesis that small doses of DCLHb effect a minimal change in the potency of nitrovasodilators ...
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Subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats: effect of singular or sustained hemodilution with alpha-alpha Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin on cerebral hypoperfusion.
Critical Care Medicine, 1999Co-Authors: Daniel J. Cole, J. C. Drummond, P. M. Patel, Jeffrey C. Nary, Lowell Reynolds, Wayne K. JacobsenAbstract:OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of singular or sustained hemodilution, with alpha-alpha Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin (DCLHb), on the area of hypoperfusion after subarachnoid hemorrhage. DESIGN: Prospective animal study. SETTING: Animal research laboratory. SUBJECTS: Isoflurane anesthetized, mechanically ventilated rats. INTERVENTIONS: Subarachnoid hemorrhage was induced by injecting 0.3 mL of blood into the cisterna magna. The animals were randomly assigned to one of the following groups (n = 16 in each hemodilution group; eight animals received a single treatment of hemodilution after subarachnoid hemorrhage; and, for eight animals, treatment was sustained for 48 hrs): control group (n = 8), no hematocrit (45%) manipulation; DCLHb group (n = 16), hematocrit decreased to 30% with DCLHb; or Alb group (n = 16), hematocrit decreased to 30% with human serum albumin. After 48 hrs, the area of hypoperfusion (cerebral blood flow < 40 ml/100g/min) was determined with 14C-iodoantipyrine in five coronal brain sections. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: For both singular and sustained treatment, the area of hypoperfusion was less in both hemodilution groups than in the control group (p
P. M. Patel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of Subarachnoid Administration of α-α Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin on Cerebral Blood Flow in Rats
Artificial Cells Blood Substitutes and Biotechnology, 2009Co-Authors: Daniel J. Cole, Lorne D. Mckay, Wayne K. Jacobsen, J. C. Drummond, P. M. PatelAbstract:As extravasated red blood cells have been implicated in the pathogenesis of perfusion deficits after subarachnoid hemorrhage, α-α Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin (DCLHbTM) might have a detrimental effect on cerebral perfusion after subarachnoid hemorrhage. We evaluated the effect of subarachnoid administration of DCLHb on cerebral blood flow (CBF). Rats were randomized to receive one of the following solutions into the cisterna magna: Control-0.3 ml of mock cerebrospinal fluid; Blood-0.3 ml of autologous blood; DCLHb-0.3 ml of 10% DCLHb. After 20-min, the area of cerebral hypoperfusion was determined (CBF
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α-α Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin, Nitric Oxide, and Cerebral Ischemic Injury in Rats
Artificial Cells Blood Substitutes and Biotechnology, 2009Co-Authors: Daniel J. Cole, J. C. Drummond, P. M. Patel, Jeffrey C. Nary, Wayne K. JacobsenAbstract:Prior studies indicate that α-α Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin (DCLHbTM) decreases cerebral ischemia. One mechanism whereby DCLHb may ameliorate cerebral ischemia is by binding nitric oxide (NO), which has been implicated as neurotoxic. We assessed the effect of L-NAME (NO synthase inhibitor) and L-arginine (NO substrate) on ischemic brain injury after DCLHb infusion. Rats were randomized to one of the following groups: Control-no hematocrit manipulation; DCLHb-hematocrit decreased to 16% with 10% DCLHb; DCLHb/L-NAME-hematocrit decreased to 16% with DCLHb, and L-NAME given; DCLHb/L-arg-hematocrit decreased to 16% with DCLHb, and L-arginine given. After 90-min of middle cerebral artery occlusion and 4-hr of reperfusion, infarct volume was determined with TTC stain. Infarct volume (mm3, mean±SD) was greater in the Control group (142±16) than the DCLHb (43±12), DCLHb/L-NAME (45±14), and DCLHb/L-arg (71±18) groups (p
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Effect of alpha-alpha Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin (DCLHb) on the potency of sodium nitroprusside and nitroglycerine to decrease blood pressure in rats: a dose-response study.
Artificial Cells Blood Substitutes and Biotechnology, 2000Co-Authors: Sandra M. Erhart, J. C. Drummond, Daniel J. Cole, P. M. Patel, Kenneth E BurhopAbstract:The nitrovasodilators, sodium nitroprusside and nitroglycerine, effect a dose-dependent decrease in mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) by liberating nitric oxide. α-α Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin (DCLHbTM) is known to bind nitric oxide. We studied the effect of DCLHb on the potency of sodium nitroprusside (n=36) and nitroglycerine (n=36) to decrease MABP in rats which received 1, 10, 100, 1,000, or 10,000 mg/kg of the DCLHb, or normal saline as the Control. Six doses of sodium nitroprusside or nitroglycerine were given to each rat in a systematically varied sequence. For both drugs, in rats given 1, 10, or 100 mg/kg of DCLHb there were no between groups differences in the change in MABP compared to the Control group. For rats that received 1,000 or 10,000 mg/kg of DCLHb, the potency of nitroglycerine and sodium nitroprusside to decrease MABP was less (p
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effect of alpha alpha Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin dclhb on the potency of sodium nitroprusside and nitroglycerine to decrease blood pressure in rats a dose response study
Artificial Cells Blood Substitutes and Biotechnology, 2000Co-Authors: Sandra M. Erhart, J. C. Drummond, Daniel J. Cole, P. M. Patel, Kenneth E BurhopAbstract:The nitrovasodilators, sodium nitroprusside and nitroglycerine, effect a dose-dependent decrease in mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) by liberating nitric oxide. α-α Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin (DCLHbTM) is known to bind nitric oxide. We studied the effect of DCLHb on the potency of sodium nitroprusside (n=36) and nitroglycerine (n=36) to decrease MABP in rats which received 1, 10, 100, 1,000, or 10,000 mg/kg of the DCLHb, or normal saline as the Control. Six doses of sodium nitroprusside or nitroglycerine were given to each rat in a systematically varied sequence. For both drugs, in rats given 1, 10, or 100 mg/kg of DCLHb there were no between groups differences in the change in MABP compared to the Control group. For rats that received 1,000 or 10,000 mg/kg of DCLHb, the potency of nitroglycerine and sodium nitroprusside to decrease MABP was less (p<0.05) than the other groups. These data support the hypothesis that small doses of DCLHb effect a minimal change in the potency of nitrovasodilators ...
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Subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats: effect of singular or sustained hemodilution with alpha-alpha Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin on cerebral hypoperfusion.
Critical Care Medicine, 1999Co-Authors: Daniel J. Cole, J. C. Drummond, P. M. Patel, Jeffrey C. Nary, Lowell Reynolds, Wayne K. JacobsenAbstract:OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of singular or sustained hemodilution, with alpha-alpha Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin (DCLHb), on the area of hypoperfusion after subarachnoid hemorrhage. DESIGN: Prospective animal study. SETTING: Animal research laboratory. SUBJECTS: Isoflurane anesthetized, mechanically ventilated rats. INTERVENTIONS: Subarachnoid hemorrhage was induced by injecting 0.3 mL of blood into the cisterna magna. The animals were randomly assigned to one of the following groups (n = 16 in each hemodilution group; eight animals received a single treatment of hemodilution after subarachnoid hemorrhage; and, for eight animals, treatment was sustained for 48 hrs): control group (n = 8), no hematocrit (45%) manipulation; DCLHb group (n = 16), hematocrit decreased to 30% with DCLHb; or Alb group (n = 16), hematocrit decreased to 30% with human serum albumin. After 48 hrs, the area of hypoperfusion (cerebral blood flow < 40 ml/100g/min) was determined with 14C-iodoantipyrine in five coronal brain sections. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: For both singular and sustained treatment, the area of hypoperfusion was less in both hemodilution groups than in the control group (p
Avadhesh C Sharma - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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role of endothelin in the cardiovascular effects of Diaspirin Crosslinked and stroma reduced Hemoglobin
Critical Care Medicine, 1996Co-Authors: Anil Gulati, Avadhesh C Sharma, Govind SinghAbstract:ObjectivesDiaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin is a resuscitative solution with excellent oxygen-carrying capacity. Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin produces an immediate increase in blood pressure and marked regional circulatory changes in rats and pigs. Our objective was to determine the role of endot
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yohimbine modulates Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin induced systemic hemodynamics and regional circulatory effects
Critical Care Medicine, 1995Co-Authors: Avadhesh C Sharma, Anil GulatiAbstract:OBJECTIVE: Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin, a Hemoglobin-based blood substitute, is proposed to be an effective resuscitative solution. It produces an immediate, but limited increase in blood pressure when administered to conscious or anesthetized rats. This vasoactivity is associated with an increase in blood flow to several major organs. It has been shown that alpha-adrenergic receptors in the peripheral vascular system are sensitized by Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin in rats. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of yohimbine, an alpha 2-adrenergic receptor antagonist on systemic hemodynamics and regional circulatory effects of Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized comparison of cardiovascular effects of Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin in control and yohimbine-pretreated rats. SETTING: Laboratory of experimental medicine. SUBJECTS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 300 to 350 g. INTERVENTIONS: Modified, highly purified, and heat-pasteurized Hemoglobin (Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin) in control and yohimbine-treated (2 mg/kg i.v.) rats. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The systemic hemodynamics and regional circulation were measured using a radioactive microsphere technique. Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin (400 mg/kg i.v.) produced an increase in blood pressure and total peripheral resistance, while heart rate, cardiac output, and stroke volume were not significantly altered in control rats. In yohimbine-pretreated (2 mg/kg i.v.) animals, Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin did not produce any change in heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, and total peripheral resistance, but a slight increase in blood pressure was observed compared with baseline values obtained after the administration of yohimbine. The increase in blood pressure induced by Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin was significantly blocked by pretreatment with yohimbine. Yohimbine (2 mg/kg i.v.) per se decreased blood pressure, while other systemic hemodynamic parameters were not affected. Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin increased blood flow to the heart, gastrointestinal tract (stomach, small intestine, cecum, and large intestine), portal (spleen, mesentery, and pancreas) and skin, while blood flow to the brain (cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, cerebellum, and brain stem), liver, kidneys, and musculoskeletal system was not affected in control rats. In yohimbine-pretreated animals, Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin produced an increase in blood flow to the heart, brain (cerebellum and brain stem), liver, small intestine, cecum, spleen, mesentery and pancreas, kidneys, skin and musculoskeletal system, while blood flow to the stomach and large intestine was not affected. Yohimbine pretreatment significantly attenuated the Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin-induced increase in blood flow to the large intestine, mesentery, and pancreas. CONCLUSIONS: The cardiovascular actions of Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin are partially mediated through alpha 2-adrenergic receptors. Adrenergic receptor antagonists may be useful in attenuating the pressor effect of Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin while maintaining the regional perfusion.
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prazosin blocks the pressor but not the regional circulatory effects of Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin
Life Sciences, 1994Co-Authors: Anil Gulati, Avadhesh C SharmaAbstract:Abstract Diaspirin Crosslinked Hemoglobin (DCLHb TM ) (400 mg/kg, i.v.) produces an increase in blood pressure and blood flow to the heart, spleen, stomach, small intestine, skin, mesentery and pancreas when administered to rats. The present study was conducted to determine (1) whether prazosin, an α 1− adrenergic antagonist, can block the pressor effect of DCLHb and (2) the effect of prazosin pretreatment on regional circulatory changes induced by DCLHb in rats. DCLHb (400 mg/kg, i.v.) produced an increase in blood pressure (64%), cardiac output (20%) and total peripheral resistance (65%) when administered to control rats. Infusion of DCLHb in prazosin (1 mg/kg, i.v.) treated rats did not show any significant pressor effect, but reversed the hypotensive effect of prazosin. Cardiac output and stroke volume were significantly increased and total peripheral resistance decreased in prazosin treated rats as compared to control (untreated) rats. DCLHb significantly increased blood flow to the heart, gastrointestinal tract, portal system (spleen), and skin of control rats. Blood flow to the brain, kidneys, and musculo-skeletal system was not altered following the infusion of DCLHb in control rats. Infusion of DCLHb in prazosin treated rats produced a significant increase in blood flow to the brain, heart, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, portal system, skin and musculoskeletal system. In summary, prazosin pretreatment blocked the pressor effet of DCLHb, however, blood flow to the heart, brain, gastrointestinal tract, portal system, kidneys, skin and musculoskeletal system was increased by DCLHb. It is concluded that blood flow to most of the organs is increased by DCLHb but the pressor effect of DCLHb is blocked by prazosin pretreatment.