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Claude Guérin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Tapiridae, Rhinocerotidae and Suidae (Mammalia) of the Early Villafranchian site of Milia (Grevena, Macedonia, Greece)
Geodiversitas, 2013Co-Authors: Claude Guérin, Evangelia TsoukalaAbstract:ABSTRACT The fossiliferous site of Milia (Grevena, N. Greece) is best known for the excavation of the longest tusks of Mammut borsoni (Hays, 1834) in the world (4.39 m and 5.02 m). In association with this species occur the Tapir Tapirus arvernensis arvernensis Croizet & Jobert, 1828, the Rhinocerotidae Dicerorhinus jeanvireti Guerin, 1972 and the Suidae Sus avernensis arvernensis Croizet & Jobert, 1828. The first species is represented by two fossils corresponding to one adult and one juvenile individual, the second species is represented by 197 identified remains among which 68 are measurable specimens corresponding to eight adult and one juvenile individuals, and the third species by nine specimens. The dimensions are compared with those of European Ruscinian and Villafranchian species from the same families: Tapirus arvernensis Croizet & Jobert, 1828 and T. jeanpiveteaui Boeuf, 1991 for the tapir, Dicerorhinus megarhinus (de Christof 1834), D. miguelcrusafonti Guerin & Santafe, 1978, D. jeanvireti Gue...
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early pleistocene Dicerorhinus sumatrensis remains from the liucheng gigantopithecus cave guangxi china
Geobios, 2009Co-Authors: Haowen Tong, Claude GuérinAbstract:The Liucheng Gigantopithecus Cave is very famous for its rich mammalian fauna and Gigantopithecus fossils. The Gigantopithecus Cave Fauna has been regarded as the typical Early Pleistocene fauna in South China. The majority of the fossils unearthed has been studied and published during the past decades. The only group remaining unpublished is the rhinoceros, which is studied in this paper. The rhino materials available today are only mandibles and lower cheek teeth. The dimensions of the tooth rows and the isolated teeth fall well within the range of the recent Dicerorhinus sumatrensis. Therefore, the rhino fossils from the Liucheng Gigantopithecus Cave can be referred to this living species. The reduced lower incisors and the U-shaped lingual contour of the mandible also support this taxonomic determination. The rhino materials from the Liucheng Gigantopithecus Cave represent the earliest known record of this species and the smallest Pleistocene rhinocerotid in China.
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early pleistocene Dicerorhinus sumatrensis remains from the liucheng gigantopithecus cave guangxi china les restes des Dicerorhinus sumatrensis du pleistocene inferieur de la grotte a gigantopithecus de liucheng guangxi chine
2009Co-Authors: Haowen Tong, Claude GuérinAbstract:The Liucheng Gigantopithecus Cave is very famous for its rich mammalian fauna and Gigantopithecus fossils. The Gigantopithecus Cave Fauna has been regarded as the typical Early Pleistocene fauna in South China. The majority of the fossils unearthed has been studied and published during the past decades. The only group remaining unpublished is the rhinoceros, which is studied in this paper. The rhino materials available today are only mandibles and lower cheek teeth. The dimensions of the tooth rows and the isolated teeth fall well within the range of the recent Dicerorhinus sumatrensis. Therefore, the rhino fossils from the Liucheng Gigantopithecus Cave can be referred to this living species. The reduced lower incisors and the U-shaped lingual contour of the mandible also support this taxonomic determination. The rhino materials from the LiuchengGigantopithecus Cave represent the earliest known record of this species and the smallest Pleistocene rhinocerotid in China. # 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
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survivance tardive d une forme archaique dans le pleistocene du caucase le Dicerorhinus etruscus brachycephalus du gisement mousterien d erivan i armenie mammalia rhinocerotidae
Bulletin Mensuel De La Societe Linneenne De Lyon, 1992Co-Authors: Claude Guérin, Gennady Baryshnikov, S K MejloumianAbstract:La grotte d'Erivan I (Caucase, Armenie) a livre quelques restes de rhinoceros associes a 14 especes de mammiferes et a une industrie mousterienne, dans un remplissage date du Wiirm ancien (zone MNQ 26 inferieure). Le rhinoceros est un Dicerorhinus etruscus brachycephalus, forme caracteristique du Pleistocene moyen ancien, qui semble ainsi survivre dans le Caucase jusqu'au debut de la derniere glaciation. Ceci confirme le role de zone refuge joue par cette region pendant le Pleistocene.
Terri L Roth - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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genomic analysis of demographic history and ecological niche modeling in the endangered sumatran rhinoceros Dicerorhinus sumatrensis
Current Biology, 2018Co-Authors: Terri L Roth, Herman L Mays, Chihming Hung, Pei Jen L Shaner, James Denvir, Megan Justice, Shang Fang Yang, David A Oehler, Jun FanAbstract:Summary The vertebrate extinction rate over the past century is approximately 22–100 times greater than background extinction rates [1], and large mammals are particularly at risk [2, 3]. Quaternary megafaunal extinctions have been attributed to climate change [4], overexploitation [5], or a combination of the two [6]. Rhinoceroses (Family: Rhinocerotidae) have a rich fossil history replete with iconic examples of climate-induced extinctions [7], but current pressures threaten to eliminate this group entirely. The Sumatran rhinoceros ( Dicerorhinus sumatrensis ) is among the most imperiled mammals on earth. The 2011 population was estimated at ≤216 wild individuals [8], and currently the species is extirpated, or nearly so, throughout the majority of its former range [8–12]. Understanding demographic history is important in placing current population status into a broader ecological and evolutionary context. Analysis of the Sumatran rhinoceros genome reveals extreme changes in effective population size throughout the Pleistocene. Population expansion during the early to middle Pleistocene was followed by decline. Ecological niche modeling indicated that changing climate most likely played a role in the decline of the Sumatran rhinoceros, as less suitable habitat on an emergent Sundaland corridor isolated Sumatran rhinoceros populations. By the end of the Pleistocene, the Sundaland corridor was submerged, and populations were fragmented and consequently reduced to low Holocene levels from which they would never recover. Past events denuded the Sumatran rhinoceros of genetic diversity through population decline, fragmentation, or some combination of the two and most likely made the species even more susceptible to later exploitation and habitat loss. Video Abstract
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serum ferritin concentration is not a reliable biomarker of iron overload disorder progression or hemochromatosis in the sumatran rhinoceros Dicerorhinus sumatrensis
Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, 2017Co-Authors: Terri L Roth, Paul R Reinhart, Jennifer L KrollAbstract:Abstract The aim of this study was to determine if ferritin is a reliable biomarker of iron overload disorder (IOD) progression and hemochromatosis in the Sumatran rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis) by developing a species-specific ferritin assay and testing historically banked samples collected from rhinos that did and did not die of hemochromatosis. Ferritin extracted from Sumatran rhino liver tissue was used to generate antibodies for the Enzyme Immunoassay. Historically banked Sumatran rhino serum samples (n = 298) obtained from six rhinos in US zoos (n = 290); five rhinos at the Sumatran Rhino Conservation Centre in Sungai Dusun, Malaysia (n = 5); and two rhinos in Sabah, Malaysia (n = 3) were analyzed for ferritin concentrations. Across all US zoo samples, serum ferritin concentrations ranged from 348 to 7,071 ng/ml, with individual means ranging from 1,267 (n = 25) to 2,604 ng/ml (n = 36). The ferritin profiles were dynamic, and all rhinos exhibited spikes in ferritin above baseline during the s...
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Feasibility Study of NMR Based Serum Metabolomic Profiling to Animal Health Monitoring: A Case Study on Iron Storage Disease in Captive Sumatran Rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis)
2016Co-Authors: Miki Watanabe, Terri L Roth, Stuart J. Bauer, Adam Lane, Lindsey E. Romick-rosendaleAbstract:A variety of wildlife species maintained in captivity are susceptible to iron storage disease (ISD), or hemochromatosis, a disease resulting from the deposition of excess iron into insoluble iron clusters in soft tissue. Sumatran rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis) is one of the rhinoceros species that has evolutionarily adapted to a low-iron diet and is susceptible to iron overload. Hemosiderosis is reported at necropsy in many African black and Sumatran rhinoceroses but only a small number of animals reportedly die from hemochromatosis. The underlying cause and reasons for differences in susceptibility to hemochromatosis within the taxon remains unclear. Although serum ferritin concentrations have been useful in monitoring the progression of ISD in many species, there is some question regarding their value in diagnosing hemochromatosis in the Sumatran rhino. To investigate the metabolic changes during the development of hemochromatosis and possibly increase our understanding of its progression and individual susceptibility differences, the serum metabolome from a Sumatran rhinoceros was investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics. The study involved samples from female rhinoceros at the Cincinnati Zoo (n = 3), including two animals that died from liver failure caused by ISD, and the Sungai Dusun Rhinoceros Conservation Centre in Peninsular Malaysia (n = 4). Principal component analysis was performed to visually and statistically compare the metabolic profiles of the healthy animals. The results indicated that significant differences were present between the animals at the zoo and the animals in the conservation center. A comparison of the 43 serum metabolomes of three zoo rhinoceros showed two distinct groupings, healthy (n = 30) and unhealthy (n = 13). A total of eighteen altered metabolites were identified in healthy versus unhealthy samples. Results strongly suggest that NMR-based metabolomics is a valuable tool for animal health monitoring and may provide insight into the progression of this and other insidious diseases.
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sexual maturation in the sumatran rhinoceros Dicerorhinus sumatrensis
Zoo Biology, 2013Co-Authors: Terri L Roth, Paul R Reinhart, John S Romo, Dedi Candra, Andriansyah Suhaery, Monica A StoopsAbstract:To help save the Sumatran rhino from extinction, the captive breeding program must capitalize on each rhino's reproductive lifespan. Doing so requires knowing when calves are sexually mature. The goal of this study was to monitor physiological changes associated with sexual maturation in two captive born calves (one male and one female) to determine the approximate age of maturity for both sexes of this species. Fecal testosterone metabolites were monitored in the male calf from 6 months to 7 years of age, and fecal pregnane metabolites were measured in the female calf from 6 months to 5.5 years of age. In addition, rectal ultrasonography was employed to monitor changes in ovarian activity from 2 to 5.5 years of age. The male calf's fecal testosterone concentrations reached levels comparable to those detected in samples from adult males when he was 6–6.5 years of age. The first pre-ovulatory sized follicle was observed on the ovaries of the female calf when she was 4.75 years old, but fecal pregnane metabolite concentrations only reached maximum mean concentrations and variability when she was 5–5.5 years of age. Results from this study indicate that male and female Sumatran rhino calves are sexually mature at 6–6.5 and 5–5.5 years of age, respectively. Zoo Biol. 32:549–555, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals Inc.
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neonatal milestones behavior and growth rate of sumatran rhinoceros Dicerorhinus sumatrensis calves born and bred in captivity
Zoo Biology, 2012Co-Authors: B L Plair, Paul R Reinhart, Terri L RothAbstract:The birth of Sumatran rhino calves at the Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Garden offered a unique opportunity to study early development and cow–calf behavior in this elusive, critically endangered species. Study goals were to: (1) record developmental milestones of newborn calves; (2) characterize cow and calf behavior during the first year following birth; (3) compare trends in the behavioral development of a male vs. female calf; and (4) record weight gain and footprint size throughout the first year. In addition to recording eight neonatal milestones, more than 450 hr of behavioral data were collected on each of the two calves (one male and one female) and their dam during the first 12 months of life. Neonatal milestones were achieved within 24 hr of birth with the exception of first defecation, which occurred at 16–18 days. Although nursing bouts decreased slightly in the second half of the year (from once every 90 min to once every 2 hr), they continued to occur frequently throughout the day and night. Therefore, calves grew rapidly from approximately 33 kg at birth to 400 kg at 12 months. Average daily weight gain for the first week was approximately 2.0 kg, whereas average daily weight gain for the remaining 12 months was slight (<1 kg) and did not differ between calves. Eating and resting occupied 70–80% of the Sumatran rhino cow and calves' time and no gender biases in either maternal investment or developmental parameters were noted. Finally, footprint measurements proved valuable for estimating calf age. Zoo Biol 31:546-560, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Haowen Tong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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early pleistocene Dicerorhinus sumatrensis remains from the liucheng gigantopithecus cave guangxi china
Geobios, 2009Co-Authors: Haowen Tong, Claude GuérinAbstract:The Liucheng Gigantopithecus Cave is very famous for its rich mammalian fauna and Gigantopithecus fossils. The Gigantopithecus Cave Fauna has been regarded as the typical Early Pleistocene fauna in South China. The majority of the fossils unearthed has been studied and published during the past decades. The only group remaining unpublished is the rhinoceros, which is studied in this paper. The rhino materials available today are only mandibles and lower cheek teeth. The dimensions of the tooth rows and the isolated teeth fall well within the range of the recent Dicerorhinus sumatrensis. Therefore, the rhino fossils from the Liucheng Gigantopithecus Cave can be referred to this living species. The reduced lower incisors and the U-shaped lingual contour of the mandible also support this taxonomic determination. The rhino materials from the Liucheng Gigantopithecus Cave represent the earliest known record of this species and the smallest Pleistocene rhinocerotid in China.
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early pleistocene Dicerorhinus sumatrensis remains from the liucheng gigantopithecus cave guangxi china les restes des Dicerorhinus sumatrensis du pleistocene inferieur de la grotte a gigantopithecus de liucheng guangxi chine
2009Co-Authors: Haowen Tong, Claude GuérinAbstract:The Liucheng Gigantopithecus Cave is very famous for its rich mammalian fauna and Gigantopithecus fossils. The Gigantopithecus Cave Fauna has been regarded as the typical Early Pleistocene fauna in South China. The majority of the fossils unearthed has been studied and published during the past decades. The only group remaining unpublished is the rhinoceros, which is studied in this paper. The rhino materials available today are only mandibles and lower cheek teeth. The dimensions of the tooth rows and the isolated teeth fall well within the range of the recent Dicerorhinus sumatrensis. Therefore, the rhino fossils from the Liucheng Gigantopithecus Cave can be referred to this living species. The reduced lower incisors and the U-shaped lingual contour of the mandible also support this taxonomic determination. The rhino materials from the LiuchengGigantopithecus Cave represent the earliest known record of this species and the smallest Pleistocene rhinocerotid in China. # 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
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mammalian faunal differentiations between north and south china during the quaternary period
2006Co-Authors: Haowen TongAbstract:During Pleistocene Epoch, quite a number of meridionale mammals inhabited north China, such as Stegodon, Macaca, Hystrix, Dicerorhinus, Bubalus and several kinds of other probscideans. On the contrary, some boreal mammals once appeared in south China, such as Megaloceros and Ursus arctos etc. The frequent appearance of warm-adapted mammals in North China can be explained by two alternative assumptions: one is that those mammals were of palearctic origin; the other is the climate-driven northward dispersal. According to the fossil evidences, it seems that the northward dispersal events were much more frequent than the southward ones during Pleistocene in China. It maybe means that during Pleistocene, the temperature fluctuated very frequently and the boundary between the Paleartic and Oriental Regions were always keeping on shifting. But it's still not clear how many episodes or phases of such dispersal events had occurred. The Qinling Mountains weren't responsible for the faunal differentiation between the North and the South, neither was the Yangtze River; because the former is not big enough, and the latter cannot be regarded as an efficient barrier for those animals, which are capable of flying and swimming. Maybe the climate zonation is the root cause of zoogeographical changes. (c) 2006 Elsevier Masson SAS. Tous droits reserves.
Ats Awaliah - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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palatabilitas badak sumatera Dicerorhinus sumatrensis di suaka rhino sumatera
Jurnal Sylva Lestari, 2018Co-Authors: Ats Awaliah, Bainah Sari Dewi, Gunardi Djoko WinarnoAbstract:Sumatran rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis) is a browser animal or shrub and foliage eaters that has wide needs and variety types of feed. The purpose of the research is to identify the feed types and the palatability of sumatran rhinoceros feed. Data was collected using Direct Observation method. The object of research was a female sumatran rhinoceros " aged named “Ratu”. The results shows that there were founded 61 feed species of rhinoceros in Sumatran Rhino Sanctuary. Those feeds were clasified in 30 different families. The drop-in feed was dominated by Moraceae and Rubiaceae was dominated the natural feed. Leaves were the most eaten part by sumatran rhinoceros both in drop-in feed (75% ) or in natural feed (83%). The amount of feed which Sumatran rhinoceros could consumed in one day was 36-47 kg of the total supply as much as ± 100 kg/day. The most eaten quantites and the most prefered feed of sumatran rhinoceros were jack tree (Artocarpus heterophyllus) and merremia (Merremia peltata) . Keywords: Sumatran Rhinoceros, Feed , Palatability, Sumatran Rhino Sanctuary
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perilaku makan dan studi pakan badak sumatera Dicerorhinus sumatrensis di suaka rhino sumatera taman nasional way kambas
2018Co-Authors: Ats AwaliahAbstract:Badak sumatera (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis) merupakan satwa dengan kebutuhan dan jenis pakan yang sangat bervariasi. Pentingnya pengetahuan tentang perilaku makan dan jenis-jenis pakan badak sumatera menyebabkan penelitian ini dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perilaku makan badak sumatera menggunakan metode Focal Animal Sampling dan mengidentifikasi jenis pakan serta palatabilitas pakan badak sumatera menggunakan metode Direct Observation. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Bulan Juli 2017 di Suaka Rhino Sumatera dengan objek penelitian berupa satu individu badak sumatera betina bernama “Ratu” berumur ± 17 tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dinamika perilaku makan tertinggi terjadi pada pagi hari (07.00-10.00 WIB) yaitu sebesar 70%. Proporsi waktu harian untuk perilaku makan badak sumatera adalah 35% dari total waktu hariannya. Cara makan badak sumatera adalah dengan mendorong pohon kemudian diinjak hingga roboh, menarik akar, memelintir cabang, dan mematahkan cabang dengan mulut. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terdapat 61 jenis tumbuhan pakan badak dalam 30 famili berbeda. Famili yang paling dominan pada pakan drop-in adalah Moraceae dan pada pakan alami adalah Rubiaceae. Bagian yang paling banyak dimakan adalah daun (75% pada pakan drop-in dan 84% pada pakan alami). Badak sumatera setiap hari menghabiskan 36-47 kg dari total suplai pakan drop-in yaitu ± 100 kg/hari. Jenis pakan yang paling banyak dimakan adalah nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus), pulai (Alstonia scholaris), akar mencret (Meremia peltata), berasan (Memecylon edule), dan cakar elang (Catenis ligni). Palatabilitas pakan berdasarkan pengamatan langsung adalah nangka, akar mencret, akar merah (Mussaendra frondosa), keno (Garcinia nervosa), dan ceri hutan (Muntingia calabura). Kata kunci : badak sumatera, makan, pakan, perilaku, Suaka Rhino Sumatera ABSTRACT Sumatran rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis) is an animal with wide variety needs and types of feed. The importance of knowledge about sumatran rhinoceros feeding behaviour and feed types led to this research. The purpose was to analyzed the feeding behaviour of sumatran rhinoceros using Focal Animal Sampling method and also to identified sumatran rhinoceros feed types and feed palatability using Direct Observation method. The research was conducted at July 2017 in Sumatran Rhino Sanctuary and the object was one female rhinoceros named “Ratu” aged ± 17 years old. The results shows that highest dynamic of feeding behaviour was occured in the morning (07.00 AM-10.00 AM). Time portion of sumatran rhinoceros feeding behaviour was 35% of its daily time. Feeding method of sumatran rhinoceros was by pushed the tree then stepped on until it felt down, pulled the roots, twisted the branch, and break the branch with their mouth. Based on the result there are 61 species of rhinoceros feed in 30 different families. The most dominant family in the drop-in feed was Moraceae and in the natural feed was Rubiaceae. The most eaten part was the leaves (75% in drop-in feed and 84% in natural feed). Rhinoceros consumed 36-47 kg of the total drop-in feed supply of ± 100 kg/day. Type of feed based on the most eaten quantities were jack tree (Artocarpus heterophyllus), blackboard tree (Alstonia scholaris), merremia (Merremia peltata), ironwood tree (Memecylon edule), and eagle claw (Catenis ligni). Feed palatability based on direct observation werere jack tree, merremia, dhobi tree (Mussaendra frondosa), pear mangosteen (Garcinia nervosa), and jamaica cherry (Muntingia calabura) Keywords : sumatran rhinoceros, feeding, feed, behaviour, Sumatran Rhino Sanctuary
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feeding behaviour of sumatran rhinoceros dicerohinus sumatrensis in sumatran rhino sanctuary way kambas national park
2017Co-Authors: Ats Awaliah, Bainah Sari Dewi, Gunardi Djoko Winarno, Sugeng P Harianto, Norio TikitaAbstract:Sumatran Rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis) is nocturnal wildlife with complex behaviour. Sumatran Rhinoceros feeding time usually occurs at midnight before morning and in the morning as well. The feeding behavior of Sumatran Rhinoceros will be different in natural habitat and sanctuary. The information about Sumatran Rhinoceros behaviour can support the conservation effort that undertaken. This research aims to analyze the feeding behavior of Sumatran Rhinoceros in Sumatran Rhino Sanctuary. This research was conducted on July 2017 at Sumatran Rhino Sanctuary Way Kambas National Park and the object was one female Sumatran rhinoceros named "Ratu". The Focal Animal Sampling was used to observe Sumatran Rhinoceros feeding behavior. The results showed that the dynamics of feeding activity with the highest percentage occurs in the morning (07.00-10.00 WIB) that is equal to 70% and the proportion of feeding time in a day is 35% of total daily time. The percentage was comparison of total drop-in feeding activity time at amount 1792 minute and total drop-in feeding activity time at amount 419 minute with Ratu’s total daily activity started from 07.00 WIB until 18.00 WIB, in amount of 6359 minute. Drop-in feeding was given twice a day. The drop-in feeding behavior of the Sumatran Rhinoceros is made as natural as possible by minimizing handfeeding like spesificallty put the feed inside the cage and let the rhino eat independently to maintain its natural behavior. Naturally the Sumatran Rhinceros feeding behavior begins by walking to the feed source and sniffing the feed then the Sumatran Rhinoceros will push the trees with their heads or bodies then stepped on with their feet until it fell down, and then they pulling roots, twisting the branches, or breaking branches with mouth. Keywords— Behaviour, Sumatran Rhinoceros, Feeding, Sumatran Rhino Sanctuary, Way Kambas National Park.
Harry Anggara - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dinamika daya dukung habitat badak sumatera Dicerorhinus sumatrensis di areal pengembangan suaka rhino sumatera taman nasional way kambas the dynamic of habitat carrying capacity sumatran rhinoceros Dicerorhinus sumatrensis in development area sumatr
Journal of Symbolic Logic, 2019Co-Authors: Harry Anggara, Agus SetiawanAbstract:The Sumatran Rhino Sanctuary is the only place where semi-Sumatran rhinos in Indonesia have been conservation, located in Way Kambas National Park which has never been revealed through systematic research on its capacity to support its function as a conservation site for rare species such as the Sumatran rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis). This study was conducted in August 2015 which aims to determine changes in the type and potential of natural feed, palatability of feed, potential water availability, and the cover of Sumatran rhinoceros habitat. This study uses a sample plot method. Data on carrying capacity of the collected habitat are data on the potential of feed plants, the level of rhino preference for feed types, water availability and habitat cover. The results showed that the number of feed species in the understorey phase increased, in the liana phase, seedlings, stakes and poles decreased, whereas in the tree phase there was no change because the number of species found was the same. Palatability of food has changed, in 2001 the rhinoceros favoured was a species of Psychotria sclerophylla while in 2015 it was a species of Planchonia valida. Changes occur in the potential for water availability, in 2001 14 water sources were found while in 2015 8 were water sources. In environmental factors, there is an increase in the intensity of light in the puddle, under the canopy, and the river, but in the swamp, there is a decrease in the intensity of sunlight, the average air temperature increases, and the average air humidity decreases. Keywords: development areas, habitat carrying capacity, sumatran rhino, Sumatran Rhino Sanctuary.
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dinamika daya dukung habitat badak sumatera Dicerorhinus sumatrensis di areal pengembangan suaka rhino sumatera taman nasional way kambas
2017Co-Authors: Harry AnggaraAbstract:ABSTRAK Suaka Rhino Sumatera adalah satu-satunya tempat konservasi semi insitu badak sumatera di Indonesia, terletak di Taman Nasional Way Kambas. Badak Sumatera merupakan satwa langka dalam kondisi kritis menurut IUCN. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perubahan jenis dan potensi pakan alami, palatabilitas pakan, potensi ketersediaan air, dan cover habitat Badak Sumatera. Metode yang digunakan yaitu petak contoh, perhitungan rumus palatabilitas, pengukuran lebar kubangan, debit sungai, dan pengukuran faktor-faktor lingkungan. Hasil penelitian diketahui jumlah spesies pakan pada tumbuhan bawah meningkat, pada fase liana, pada fase semai, pada fase pancang, pada fase tiang menurun, sedangkan pada fase pohon tidak terjadi perubahan jumlah spesies pakan. Palatabilitas pakan mengalami perubahan, tahun 2001 yang disukai badak adalah spesies Psychotria sclerophylla sedangkan tahun 2015 adalah spesies Planchonia valida. Perubahan terjadi pada potensi ketersediaan air, tahun 2001 ditemukan 14 sumber air sedangkan tahun 2015 hanya ditemukan 8 sumber air. Pada faktor lingkungan terjadi peningkatan intensitas cahaya pada kubangan, dibawah tajuk, di sungai, akan tetapi di rawa terjadi penurunan intensitas cahaya matahari, temperatur udara rata-rata meningkat dari 26,8 oC menjadi 29 oC, serta terjadi penurunan kelembaban udara rata-rata dari 98% menjadi 89%. Kata kunci: Areal pengembangan, Badak sumatera, Daya dukung habitat, Suaka Rhino Sumatera ABSTRACT Sumatran Rhino Sanctuary is the only one place for semi insitu conservation area of the sumatran rhinoceros in Indonesia, located in Way Kambas National Park. The sumatran rhino is an criticaly endangered species according to IUCN. This research was aimed to knowing the change type and potential natural food, feed palatability, the potential availability of water, and cover habitat of the sumatran rhino. Methods were used sample plots, calculation formula palatability, width measurement wallow, river discharge and measurement environmental factors. The result revealed feed species on ground vegetation increased, on lianas phase, on seedling phase, on sapling phase, and pole phase decreased, on tree phase did not change number of feed species. The palatability of feed was changed from 2001 the rhino likes Psychotria sclerophylla species at while on 2015 the rhino likes is Planchonia valida species. Changes were occured in potential water availability, in 2001 found 14 water resources, while in 2015 only found 8 water resources. On environmental factors, have increased sunlight intensity on the wallow, under canopy, in the river, but on the swamp decreased sunlight intensity, air themperatures average increased from dari 26,8 oC to 29 oC, as well as a decline in average air humidity of 98% to 89%. Keywords : Development areas, Habitat carrying capacity, Sumatran Rhino, Sumatran Rhino Sanctuary