The Experts below are selected from a list of 6 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Keld Hermansen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • antifibrillatory effect of some β adrenergic receptor blocking agents determined by a new test procedure in mice
    Pharmacology & Toxicology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Keld Hermansen
    Abstract:

    Mice which were exposed to high concentrations of methylchloroform (1,1,1, trichloroethane) vapour died in cardiac fibrillation. Pretreatment 30 min. before the administration of methylchloroform gave the following antifibrillatory ED50's expressed in mg/kg intraperitoneally: β-adrenergic blocking agents: Propranolol: 1.7; (+)-propranolol: 45; (-)-propranolol 0.6; 1-(isopropylamino)-3-(o-phenoxyphenoxy)-2-propanol, HC1 (Ph QA 33): 6.5; 1-(isopropylamino)-3-(o-allylphenoxy)-2-propanol, HC1 (H 56/28 = aptin®): 19; 4-(2-isopropylamino-1-hydroxyethyl) methane sulphonanilide, HC1 (MJ 1999): 24; 2-(isopropylamino)-1-(p-nitrophenyl) ethanol, HC1 (INPEA): 50; dichloroisoprenaline (DCI): no effect; α-adrenergic blocking compounds: chlorpromazine: > 50; phenoxybenzamine, HC1 (dibenzyline®): no effect, phentolamine (regitin®): > 100. None of some commonly used antiarrhythmics: antazoline, HC1; lidocaine, HC1; phenytoin; procainamide, HC1 (pronestyl®) or quinidine sulphate had any effect. The most favourable therapeutic index (LD50/ED50) was found for (-)-propranolol ∼ 200. The method appears particularly suitable for evaluation of compounds with antagonistic action on cardiac β-receptors and in this respect appears to be highly sensitive.

Anders Himmelmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • β-Blockers in the Treatment of Hypertension: Focus on Carvedilol
    From Hypertension to Heart Failure, 1998
    Co-Authors: Anders Himmelmann
    Abstract:

    The concept of α- and β-adrenoceptors was first described in 1948, and 10 years later the first β-blocking compound, Dichlorisoprenaline, was discovered [1]. However, the idea of differing adrenergic receptors can be traced back to the beginning of the twentieth century, when excitatory and inhibitory effects of the administration of adrenaline or of sympathetic nerve stimulation were described [2]. The β-blocking compounds pronethalol and propranolol were initially used to treat patients with angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmias, and pheochromocytoma, while the demonstration of their hypotensive effects was unexpected [1, 2]. Pronethalol was later withdrawn due to development of tumors in mice, whereas propranolol became the standard drug to assess all subsequent β-blocking agents.