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O I Epstein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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release active dilutions of Diclofenac enhance anti inflammatory effect of Diclofenac in carrageenan induced rat paw edema model
Inflammation, 2014Co-Authors: Sachin Shridhar Sakat, Kamaraj Mani, Yulia O Demidchenko, Evgeniy A Gorbunov, Sergey A Tarasov, Archna Mathur, O I EpsteinAbstract:The study was aimed to investigate the effect of technologically treated Diclofenac (release-active dilutions of Diclofenac (RAD of Diclofenac)) on anti-inflammatory activity of Diclofenac in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model. Ninety male Wistar albino rats (6–8 weeks) divided into nine groups (n = 10) were used. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 h after subplantar injection of carrageenan (0.1 ml of a 1 % solution in normal saline). Diclofenac alone was studied at 5 and 20 mg/kg, RAD of Diclofenac alone at 7.5 ml/kg and their combination at 5 and 7.5 ml/kg, respectively. Diclofenac reduced (p < 0.05 at least) paw edema at all time points. RAD of Diclofenac enhanced (p < 0.05) anti-inflammatory effect of Diclofenac (5 mg/kg) at 2, 4, and 6 h on concurrent and at 2 and 4 h on sequential administration. Moreover at 2 h, anti-inflammatory effect of combination treatment reached values comparable to those of Diclofenac (20 mg/kg). In conclusion, RAD of Diclofenac enhanced anti-inflammatory effect of Diclofenac.
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Release-Active Dilutions of Diclofenac Enhance Anti-inflammatory Effect of Diclofenac in Carrageenan-Induced Rat Paw Edema Model
Inflammation, 2014Co-Authors: Sachin Shridhar Sakat, Kamaraj Mani, Yulia O Demidchenko, Evgeniy A Gorbunov, Sergey A Tarasov, Archna Mathur, O I EpsteinAbstract:The study was aimed to investigate the effect of technologically treated Diclofenac (release-active dilutions of Diclofenac (RAD of Diclofenac)) on anti-inflammatory activity of Diclofenac in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model. Ninety male Wistar albino rats (6–8 weeks) divided into nine groups ( n = 10) were used. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 h after subplantar injection of carrageenan (0.1 ml of a 1 % solution in normal saline). Diclofenac alone was studied at 5 and 20 mg/kg, RAD of Diclofenac alone at 7.5 ml/kg and their combination at 5 and 7.5 ml/kg, respectively. Diclofenac reduced ( p
Sachin Shridhar Sakat - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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release active dilutions of Diclofenac enhance anti inflammatory effect of Diclofenac in carrageenan induced rat paw edema model
Inflammation, 2014Co-Authors: Sachin Shridhar Sakat, Kamaraj Mani, Yulia O Demidchenko, Evgeniy A Gorbunov, Sergey A Tarasov, Archna Mathur, O I EpsteinAbstract:The study was aimed to investigate the effect of technologically treated Diclofenac (release-active dilutions of Diclofenac (RAD of Diclofenac)) on anti-inflammatory activity of Diclofenac in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model. Ninety male Wistar albino rats (6–8 weeks) divided into nine groups (n = 10) were used. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 h after subplantar injection of carrageenan (0.1 ml of a 1 % solution in normal saline). Diclofenac alone was studied at 5 and 20 mg/kg, RAD of Diclofenac alone at 7.5 ml/kg and their combination at 5 and 7.5 ml/kg, respectively. Diclofenac reduced (p < 0.05 at least) paw edema at all time points. RAD of Diclofenac enhanced (p < 0.05) anti-inflammatory effect of Diclofenac (5 mg/kg) at 2, 4, and 6 h on concurrent and at 2 and 4 h on sequential administration. Moreover at 2 h, anti-inflammatory effect of combination treatment reached values comparable to those of Diclofenac (20 mg/kg). In conclusion, RAD of Diclofenac enhanced anti-inflammatory effect of Diclofenac.
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Release-Active Dilutions of Diclofenac Enhance Anti-inflammatory Effect of Diclofenac in Carrageenan-Induced Rat Paw Edema Model
Inflammation, 2014Co-Authors: Sachin Shridhar Sakat, Kamaraj Mani, Yulia O Demidchenko, Evgeniy A Gorbunov, Sergey A Tarasov, Archna Mathur, O I EpsteinAbstract:The study was aimed to investigate the effect of technologically treated Diclofenac (release-active dilutions of Diclofenac (RAD of Diclofenac)) on anti-inflammatory activity of Diclofenac in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model. Ninety male Wistar albino rats (6–8 weeks) divided into nine groups ( n = 10) were used. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 h after subplantar injection of carrageenan (0.1 ml of a 1 % solution in normal saline). Diclofenac alone was studied at 5 and 20 mg/kg, RAD of Diclofenac alone at 7.5 ml/kg and their combination at 5 and 7.5 ml/kg, respectively. Diclofenac reduced ( p
Richard J Cuthbert - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Short communication Diclofenac is toxic to the Himalayan Vulture Gyps himalayensis
2020Co-Authors: Richard J Cuthbert, Ram D Jakati, Vibhu PrakashAbstract:Veterinary use of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) Diclofenac has been shownto be the major cause of the collapse of populations of three Gyps vulture species endemic toSouth Asia. The White-rumped Vulture Gyps bengalensis, Indian Vulture G. indicus andSlender-billed Vulture G. tenuirostris, have declined by more than 98% in the Indiansubcontinent since the early 1990s, and are now all listed as ‘Critically Endangered’ (IUCN2004). Gyps vultures are exposed to Diclofenac through consuming the contaminated carcasses oflivestock that have been treated with the drug shortly before death and die from kidney failure,with clinical signs of extensive visceral gout and renal damage. These clinical signs and Diclofenacresidues have been found in carcasses of wild G. bengalensis and G. indicus, and in G.bengalensis either dosed with Diclofenac orally or given tissues from Diclofenac treated livestock.Research on White-backed Vultures G. africanus, Eurasian Griffons G. fulvus and Cape VulturesG. coprotheres has established that these three species are about as sensitive to Diclofenac as G.bengalensis, with birds dying with the same clinical signs of visceral gout and characteristic renaldamage. This experimental testing has established that Diclofenac is toxic to four species ofvultures in the genus Gyps, but information on the toxicity of Diclofenac to other members ofthe genus is lacking.
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effectiveness of action in india to reduce exposure of gyps vultures to the toxic veterinary drug Diclofenac
PLOS ONE, 2011Co-Authors: Richard J Cuthbert, Vibhu Prakash, Mark A Taggart, Mohini Saini, D Swarup, Suchitra Upreti, Rafael Mateo, Soumya Sunder Chakraborty, Parag DeoriAbstract:Contamination of their carrion food supply with the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug Diclofenac has caused rapid population declines across the Indian subcontinent of three species of Gyps vultures endemic to South Asia. The governments of India, Pakistan and Nepal took action in 2006 to prevent the veterinary use of Diclofenac on domesticated livestock, the route by which contamination occurs. We analyse data from three surveys of the prevalence and concentration of Diclofenac residues in carcasses of domesticated ungulates in India, carried out before and after the implementation of a ban on veterinary use. There was little change in the prevalence and concentration of Diclofenac between a survey before the ban and one conducted soon after its implementation, with the percentage of carcasses containing Diclofenac in these surveys estimated at 10.8 and 10.7%, respectively. However, both the prevalence and concentration of Diclofenac had fallen markedly 7–31 months after the implementation of the ban, with the true prevalence in this third survey estimated at 6.5%. Modelling of the impact of this reduction in Diclofenac on the expected rate of decline of the oriental white-backed vulture (Gyps bengalensis) in India indicates that the decline rate has decreased to 40% of the rate before the ban, but is still likely to be rapid (about 18% year−1). Hence, further efforts to remove Diclofenac from vulture food are still needed if the future recovery or successful reintroduction of vultures is to be feasible.
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Diclofenac is toxic to the himalayan vulture gyps himalayensis
Bird Conservation International, 2011Co-Authors: Richard J Cuthbert, Ram D Jakati, Vibhu PrakashAbstract:Veterinary use of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) Diclofenac has been shown to be the major cause of the collapse of populations of three Gyps vulture species endemic to South Asia. The White-rumped Vulture Gyps bengalensis, Indian Vulture G. indicus and Slender-billed Vulture G. tenuirostris, have declined by more than 98% in the Indian subcontinent since the early 1990s, and are now all listed as ‘Critically Endangered’ (IUCN 2004). Gyps vultures are exposed to Diclofenac through consuming the contaminated carcasses of livestock that have been treated with the drug shortly before death and die from kidney failure, with clinical signs of extensive visceral gout and renal damage. These clinical signs and Diclofenac residues have been found in carcasses of wild G. bengalensis and G. indicus, and in G. bengalensis either dosed with Diclofenac orally or given tissues from Diclofenac treated livestock. Research on White-backed Vultures G. africanus, Eurasian Griffons G. fulvus and Cape Vultures G. coprotheres has established that these three species are about as sensitive to Diclofenac as G. bengalensis, with birds dying with the same clinical signs of visceral gout and characteristic renal damage. This experimental testing has established that Diclofenac is toxic to four species of vultures in the genus Gyps, but information on the toxicity of Diclofenac to other members of the genus is lacking.
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Diclofenac disposition in indian cow and goat with reference to gyps vulture population declines
Environmental Pollution, 2007Co-Authors: Mark A Taggart, Deborah J Pain, Rhys E Green, Richard J Cuthbert, Andrew A Cunningham, C Sashikumar, Y Feltrer, Susanne Shultz, Andrew A MehargAbstract:Gyps vultures across India are declining rapidly and the NSAID Diclofenac has been shown to be the major cause. Vultures scavenge livestock carcasses that have been treated with Diclofenac within the days preceding death. We present data on Diclofenac disposition in Indian cow and goat, and field data on the prevalence of Diclofenac in carcases in the environment. In the disposition experiment, animals were treated with a single intramuscular injection of Diclofenac at 1000 m gk g � 1 bw. In cow, Diclofenac was detectable in liver, kidney and intestine up to 71 h post-treatment; in plasma, half-life was 12.2 h. In goat, tissue residues were undetectable after 26 h. Prevalence of Diclofenac in liver from 36 dead livestock collected in the field was 13.9%. Data suggest that Diclofenac residues in Indian cow and goat are short-lived, but Diclofenac prevalence in carcasses available to vultures may still be very high. 2006 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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Toxicity of Diclofenac to Gyps vultures.
Biology Letters, 2006Co-Authors: G E Swan, Neil Duncan, Miguel Quevedo, Paul Bartels, Deborah J Pain, Rhys E Green, Andrew A Meharg, Richard J Cuthbert, Andrew A Cunningham, J. Lindsay OaksAbstract:Three endemic vulture species Gyps bengalensis, Gyps indicus and Gyps tenuirostris are critically endangered following dramatic declines in South Asia resulting from exposure to Diclofenac, a veterinary drug present in the livestock carcasses that they scavenge. Diclofenac is widely used globally and could present a risk to Gyps species from other regions. In this study, we test the toxicity of Diclofenac to a Eurasian (Gyps fulvus) and an African (Gyps africanus) species, neither of which is threatened. A dose of 0.8 mg kg(-1) of Diclofenac was highly toxic to both species, indicating that they are at least as sensitive to Diclofenac as G. bengalensis, for which we estimate an LD50 of 0.1-0.2 mg kg(-1). We suggest that Diclofenac is likely to be toxic to all eight Gyps species, and that G. africanus, which is phylogenetically close to G. bengalensis, would be a suitable surrogate for the safety testing of alternative drugs to Diclofenac.
Kamaraj Mani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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release active dilutions of Diclofenac enhance anti inflammatory effect of Diclofenac in carrageenan induced rat paw edema model
Inflammation, 2014Co-Authors: Sachin Shridhar Sakat, Kamaraj Mani, Yulia O Demidchenko, Evgeniy A Gorbunov, Sergey A Tarasov, Archna Mathur, O I EpsteinAbstract:The study was aimed to investigate the effect of technologically treated Diclofenac (release-active dilutions of Diclofenac (RAD of Diclofenac)) on anti-inflammatory activity of Diclofenac in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model. Ninety male Wistar albino rats (6–8 weeks) divided into nine groups (n = 10) were used. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 h after subplantar injection of carrageenan (0.1 ml of a 1 % solution in normal saline). Diclofenac alone was studied at 5 and 20 mg/kg, RAD of Diclofenac alone at 7.5 ml/kg and their combination at 5 and 7.5 ml/kg, respectively. Diclofenac reduced (p < 0.05 at least) paw edema at all time points. RAD of Diclofenac enhanced (p < 0.05) anti-inflammatory effect of Diclofenac (5 mg/kg) at 2, 4, and 6 h on concurrent and at 2 and 4 h on sequential administration. Moreover at 2 h, anti-inflammatory effect of combination treatment reached values comparable to those of Diclofenac (20 mg/kg). In conclusion, RAD of Diclofenac enhanced anti-inflammatory effect of Diclofenac.
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Release-Active Dilutions of Diclofenac Enhance Anti-inflammatory Effect of Diclofenac in Carrageenan-Induced Rat Paw Edema Model
Inflammation, 2014Co-Authors: Sachin Shridhar Sakat, Kamaraj Mani, Yulia O Demidchenko, Evgeniy A Gorbunov, Sergey A Tarasov, Archna Mathur, O I EpsteinAbstract:The study was aimed to investigate the effect of technologically treated Diclofenac (release-active dilutions of Diclofenac (RAD of Diclofenac)) on anti-inflammatory activity of Diclofenac in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model. Ninety male Wistar albino rats (6–8 weeks) divided into nine groups ( n = 10) were used. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 h after subplantar injection of carrageenan (0.1 ml of a 1 % solution in normal saline). Diclofenac alone was studied at 5 and 20 mg/kg, RAD of Diclofenac alone at 7.5 ml/kg and their combination at 5 and 7.5 ml/kg, respectively. Diclofenac reduced ( p
Archna Mathur - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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release active dilutions of Diclofenac enhance anti inflammatory effect of Diclofenac in carrageenan induced rat paw edema model
Inflammation, 2014Co-Authors: Sachin Shridhar Sakat, Kamaraj Mani, Yulia O Demidchenko, Evgeniy A Gorbunov, Sergey A Tarasov, Archna Mathur, O I EpsteinAbstract:The study was aimed to investigate the effect of technologically treated Diclofenac (release-active dilutions of Diclofenac (RAD of Diclofenac)) on anti-inflammatory activity of Diclofenac in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model. Ninety male Wistar albino rats (6–8 weeks) divided into nine groups (n = 10) were used. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 h after subplantar injection of carrageenan (0.1 ml of a 1 % solution in normal saline). Diclofenac alone was studied at 5 and 20 mg/kg, RAD of Diclofenac alone at 7.5 ml/kg and their combination at 5 and 7.5 ml/kg, respectively. Diclofenac reduced (p < 0.05 at least) paw edema at all time points. RAD of Diclofenac enhanced (p < 0.05) anti-inflammatory effect of Diclofenac (5 mg/kg) at 2, 4, and 6 h on concurrent and at 2 and 4 h on sequential administration. Moreover at 2 h, anti-inflammatory effect of combination treatment reached values comparable to those of Diclofenac (20 mg/kg). In conclusion, RAD of Diclofenac enhanced anti-inflammatory effect of Diclofenac.
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Release-Active Dilutions of Diclofenac Enhance Anti-inflammatory Effect of Diclofenac in Carrageenan-Induced Rat Paw Edema Model
Inflammation, 2014Co-Authors: Sachin Shridhar Sakat, Kamaraj Mani, Yulia O Demidchenko, Evgeniy A Gorbunov, Sergey A Tarasov, Archna Mathur, O I EpsteinAbstract:The study was aimed to investigate the effect of technologically treated Diclofenac (release-active dilutions of Diclofenac (RAD of Diclofenac)) on anti-inflammatory activity of Diclofenac in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model. Ninety male Wistar albino rats (6–8 weeks) divided into nine groups ( n = 10) were used. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 h after subplantar injection of carrageenan (0.1 ml of a 1 % solution in normal saline). Diclofenac alone was studied at 5 and 20 mg/kg, RAD of Diclofenac alone at 7.5 ml/kg and their combination at 5 and 7.5 ml/kg, respectively. Diclofenac reduced ( p