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Vincenzo Mattei - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Prion Protein in Stem Cells: A Lipid Raft Component Involved in the Cellular Differentiation Process
    International journal of molecular sciences, 2020
    Co-Authors: Stefano Martellucci, Costantino Santacroce, Francesca Santilli, Maurizio Sorice, Valeria Manganelli, Vincenzo Mattei
    Abstract:

    The prion protein (PrP) is an enigmatic molecule with a pleiotropic effect on different cell types; it is localized stably in lipid raft microdomains and it is able to recruit downstream signal transduction pathways by its interaction with various biochemical partners. Since its discovery, this lipid raft component has been involved in several functions, although most of the publications focused on the pathological role of the protein. Recent studies report a key role of cellular prion protein (PrPC) in physiological Processes, including cellular Differentiation. Indeed, the PrPC, whose expression is modulated according to the cell Differentiation degree, appears to be part of the multimolecular signaling pathways of the neuronal Differentiation Process. In this review, we aim to summarize the main findings that report the link between PrPC and stem cells.

  • Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Mediated by recPrPC Involved in the Neuronal Differentiation Process of Mesenchymal Stem Cells
    International journal of molecular sciences, 2019
    Co-Authors: Stefano Martellucci, Costantino Santacroce, Francesca Santilli, Luca Piccoli, Adriano Angelucci, Roberta Misasi, Maurizio Sorice, Simona Delle Monache, Vincenzo Mattei
    Abstract:

    Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells (hDPSCs) represent a type of adult mesenchymal stem cells that have the ability to differentiate in vitro in several lineages such as odontoblasts, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes and neurons. In the current work, we used hDPSCs as the experimental model to study the role of recombinant prion protein 23–231 (recPrPC) in the neuronal Differentiation Process, and in the signal pathway activation of ERK 1/2 and Akt. We demonstrated that recPrPC was able to activate an intracellular signal pathway mediated by extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK 1/2) and protein kinase B (Akt). Moreover, in order to understand whether endogenous prion protein (PrPC) was necessary to mediate the signaling induced by recPrPC, we silenced PrPC, demonstrating that the presence of endogenous PrPC was essential for ERK 1/2 and Akt phosphorylation. Since endogenous PrPC is a well-known lipid rafts component, we evaluated the role of these structures in the signal pathway induced by recPrPC. Our results suggest that lipid rafts integrity play a key role in recPrPC activity. In fact, lipid rafts inhibitors, such as fumonisin B1 and MβCD, significantly prevented ERK 1/2 and Akt phosphorylation induced by recPrPC. In addition, we investigated the capacity of recPrPC to induce hDPSCs neuronal Differentiation Process after long-term stimulation through the evaluation of typical neuronal markers expression such as B3-Tubulin, neurofilament-H (NFH) and growth associated protein 43 (GAP43). Accordingly, when we silenced endogenous PrPC, we observed the inhibition of neuronal Differentiation induced by recPrPC. The combined data suggest that recPrPC plays a key role in the neuronal Differentiation Process and in the activation of specific intracellular signal pathways in hDPSCs.

  • Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Mediated by recPrPC Involved in the Neuronal Differentiation Process of Mesenchymal Stem Cells
    MDPI AG, 2019
    Co-Authors: Stefano Martellucci, Costantino Santacroce, Francesca Santilli, Luca Piccoli, Simona Delle Monache, Adriano Angelucci, Roberta Misasi, Maurizio Sorice, Vincenzo Mattei
    Abstract:

    Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells (hDPSCs) represent a type of adult mesenchymal stem cells that have the ability to differentiate in vitro in several lineages such as odontoblasts, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes and neurons. In the current work, we used hDPSCs as the experimental model to study the role of recombinant prion protein 23–231 (recPrPC) in the neuronal Differentiation Process, and in the signal pathway activation of ERK 1/2 and Akt. We demonstrated that recPrPC was able to activate an intracellular signal pathway mediated by extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK 1/2) and protein kinase B (Akt). Moreover, in order to understand whether endogenous prion protein (PrPC) was necessary to mediate the signaling induced by recPrPC, we silenced PrPC, demonstrating that the presence of endogenous PrPC was essential for ERK 1/2 and Akt phosphorylation. Since endogenous PrPC is a well-known lipid rafts component, we evaluated the role of these structures in the signal pathway induced by recPrPC. Our results suggest that lipid rafts integrity play a key role in recPrPC activity. In fact, lipid rafts inhibitors, such as fumonisin B1 and MβCD, significantly prevented ERK 1/2 and Akt phosphorylation induced by recPrPC. In addition, we investigated the capacity of recPrPC to induce hDPSCs neuronal Differentiation Process after long-term stimulation through the evaluation of typical neuronal markers expression such as B3-Tubulin, neurofilament-H (NFH) and growth associated protein 43 (GAP43). Accordingly, when we silenced endogenous PrPC, we observed the inhibition of neuronal Differentiation induced by recPrPC. The combined data suggest that recPrPC plays a key role in the neuronal Differentiation Process and in the activation of specific intracellular signal pathways in hDPSCs

Stefano Martellucci - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Prion Protein in Stem Cells: A Lipid Raft Component Involved in the Cellular Differentiation Process
    International journal of molecular sciences, 2020
    Co-Authors: Stefano Martellucci, Costantino Santacroce, Francesca Santilli, Maurizio Sorice, Valeria Manganelli, Vincenzo Mattei
    Abstract:

    The prion protein (PrP) is an enigmatic molecule with a pleiotropic effect on different cell types; it is localized stably in lipid raft microdomains and it is able to recruit downstream signal transduction pathways by its interaction with various biochemical partners. Since its discovery, this lipid raft component has been involved in several functions, although most of the publications focused on the pathological role of the protein. Recent studies report a key role of cellular prion protein (PrPC) in physiological Processes, including cellular Differentiation. Indeed, the PrPC, whose expression is modulated according to the cell Differentiation degree, appears to be part of the multimolecular signaling pathways of the neuronal Differentiation Process. In this review, we aim to summarize the main findings that report the link between PrPC and stem cells.

  • Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Mediated by recPrPC Involved in the Neuronal Differentiation Process of Mesenchymal Stem Cells
    International journal of molecular sciences, 2019
    Co-Authors: Stefano Martellucci, Costantino Santacroce, Francesca Santilli, Luca Piccoli, Adriano Angelucci, Roberta Misasi, Maurizio Sorice, Simona Delle Monache, Vincenzo Mattei
    Abstract:

    Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells (hDPSCs) represent a type of adult mesenchymal stem cells that have the ability to differentiate in vitro in several lineages such as odontoblasts, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes and neurons. In the current work, we used hDPSCs as the experimental model to study the role of recombinant prion protein 23–231 (recPrPC) in the neuronal Differentiation Process, and in the signal pathway activation of ERK 1/2 and Akt. We demonstrated that recPrPC was able to activate an intracellular signal pathway mediated by extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK 1/2) and protein kinase B (Akt). Moreover, in order to understand whether endogenous prion protein (PrPC) was necessary to mediate the signaling induced by recPrPC, we silenced PrPC, demonstrating that the presence of endogenous PrPC was essential for ERK 1/2 and Akt phosphorylation. Since endogenous PrPC is a well-known lipid rafts component, we evaluated the role of these structures in the signal pathway induced by recPrPC. Our results suggest that lipid rafts integrity play a key role in recPrPC activity. In fact, lipid rafts inhibitors, such as fumonisin B1 and MβCD, significantly prevented ERK 1/2 and Akt phosphorylation induced by recPrPC. In addition, we investigated the capacity of recPrPC to induce hDPSCs neuronal Differentiation Process after long-term stimulation through the evaluation of typical neuronal markers expression such as B3-Tubulin, neurofilament-H (NFH) and growth associated protein 43 (GAP43). Accordingly, when we silenced endogenous PrPC, we observed the inhibition of neuronal Differentiation induced by recPrPC. The combined data suggest that recPrPC plays a key role in the neuronal Differentiation Process and in the activation of specific intracellular signal pathways in hDPSCs.

  • Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Mediated by recPrPC Involved in the Neuronal Differentiation Process of Mesenchymal Stem Cells
    MDPI AG, 2019
    Co-Authors: Stefano Martellucci, Costantino Santacroce, Francesca Santilli, Luca Piccoli, Simona Delle Monache, Adriano Angelucci, Roberta Misasi, Maurizio Sorice, Vincenzo Mattei
    Abstract:

    Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells (hDPSCs) represent a type of adult mesenchymal stem cells that have the ability to differentiate in vitro in several lineages such as odontoblasts, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes and neurons. In the current work, we used hDPSCs as the experimental model to study the role of recombinant prion protein 23–231 (recPrPC) in the neuronal Differentiation Process, and in the signal pathway activation of ERK 1/2 and Akt. We demonstrated that recPrPC was able to activate an intracellular signal pathway mediated by extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK 1/2) and protein kinase B (Akt). Moreover, in order to understand whether endogenous prion protein (PrPC) was necessary to mediate the signaling induced by recPrPC, we silenced PrPC, demonstrating that the presence of endogenous PrPC was essential for ERK 1/2 and Akt phosphorylation. Since endogenous PrPC is a well-known lipid rafts component, we evaluated the role of these structures in the signal pathway induced by recPrPC. Our results suggest that lipid rafts integrity play a key role in recPrPC activity. In fact, lipid rafts inhibitors, such as fumonisin B1 and MβCD, significantly prevented ERK 1/2 and Akt phosphorylation induced by recPrPC. In addition, we investigated the capacity of recPrPC to induce hDPSCs neuronal Differentiation Process after long-term stimulation through the evaluation of typical neuronal markers expression such as B3-Tubulin, neurofilament-H (NFH) and growth associated protein 43 (GAP43). Accordingly, when we silenced endogenous PrPC, we observed the inhibition of neuronal Differentiation induced by recPrPC. The combined data suggest that recPrPC plays a key role in the neuronal Differentiation Process and in the activation of specific intracellular signal pathways in hDPSCs

Víctor Eric López-y-lópez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Reactance and resistance: main properties to follow the cell Differentiation Process in Bacillus thuringiensis by dielectric spectroscopy in real time
    Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2015
    Co-Authors: Jabel Dinorín-téllez-girón, Raúl Jacobo Delgado-macuil, Claudia Patricia Larralde Corona, Francisco Javier Martínez Montes, Mayra Torre Martínez, Víctor Eric López-y-lópez
    Abstract:

    During growth, Bacillus thuringiensis presents three phases: exponential phase (EP), transition state (TS), and sporulation phase (SP). In order to form a dormant spore and to synthesize delta-endotoxins during SP, bacteria must undergo a cellular Differentiation Process initiated during the TS. Dielectric spectroscopy is a technique that can be utilized for continuous and in situ monitoring of the cellular state. In order to study on-line cell behavior in B. thuringiensis cultures, we conducted a number of batch cultures under different conditions, by scanning 200 frequencies from 42 Hz to 5 MHz and applying fixed current and voltage of 20 mA and 5 V DC, respectively. The resulting signals included Impedance ( Z ), Angle phase ( Deg ), Voltage ( V ), Current ( I ), Conductance ( G ), Reactance ( X ), and Resistance ( R ). Individual raw data relating to observed dielectric property profiles were correlated with the different growth phases established using data from cellular growth, cry1Ac gene expression, and free spores obtained with conventional techniques and fermentation parameters. Based on these correlations, frequencies of 0.1, 0.5, and 1.225 MHz were selected for the purpose of measuring dielectric properties in independent batch cultures, at a fixed frequency. X and R manifest more propitious behavior in relation to EP, TS, SP, and spore release, due to particular changes in their signals. Interestingly, these profiles underwent pronounced changes during EP and TS that were not noticed when using conventional methods, but were indicative of the beginning of the B. thuringiensis cell Differentiation Process.

Lois Boullu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • single cell based analysis highlights a surge in cell to cell molecular variability preceding irreversible commitment in a Differentiation Process
    PLOS Biology, 2016
    Co-Authors: Angelique Richard, Lois Boullu, Ulysse Herbach, Arnaud Bonnafoux, Valerie Morin
    Abstract:

    In some recent studies, a view emerged that stochastic dynamics governing the switching of cells from one Differentiation state to another could be characterized by a peak in gene expression variability at the point of fate commitment. We have tested this hypothesis at the single-cell level by analyzing primary chicken erythroid progenitors through their Differentiation Process and measuring the expression of selected genes at six sequential time-points after induction of Differentiation. In contrast to population-based expression data, single-cell gene expression data revealed a high cell-to-cell variability, which was masked by averaging. We were able to show that the correlation network was a very dynamical entity and that a subgroup of genes tend to follow the predictions from the dynamical network biomarker (DNB) theory. In addition, we also identified a small group of functionally related genes encoding proteins involved in sterol synthesis that could act as the initial drivers of the Differentiation. In order to assess quantitatively the cell-to-cell variability in gene expression and its evolution in time, we used Shannon entropy as a measure of the heterogeneity. Entropy values showed a significant increase in the first 8 h of the Differentiation Process, reaching a peak between 8 and 24 h, before decreasing to significantly lower values. Moreover, we observed that the previous point of maximum entropy precedes two paramount key points: an irreversible commitment to Differentiation between 24 and 48 h followed by a significant increase in cell size variability at 48 h. In conclusion, when analyzed at the single cell level, the Differentiation Process looks very different from its classical population average view. New observables (like entropy) can be computed, the behavior of which is fully compatible with the idea that Differentiation is not a "simple" program that all cells execute identically but results from the dynamical behavior of the underlying molecular network.

Ulysse Herbach - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • single cell based analysis highlights a surge in cell to cell molecular variability preceding irreversible commitment in a Differentiation Process
    PLOS Biology, 2016
    Co-Authors: Angelique Richard, Lois Boullu, Ulysse Herbach, Arnaud Bonnafoux, Valerie Morin
    Abstract:

    In some recent studies, a view emerged that stochastic dynamics governing the switching of cells from one Differentiation state to another could be characterized by a peak in gene expression variability at the point of fate commitment. We have tested this hypothesis at the single-cell level by analyzing primary chicken erythroid progenitors through their Differentiation Process and measuring the expression of selected genes at six sequential time-points after induction of Differentiation. In contrast to population-based expression data, single-cell gene expression data revealed a high cell-to-cell variability, which was masked by averaging. We were able to show that the correlation network was a very dynamical entity and that a subgroup of genes tend to follow the predictions from the dynamical network biomarker (DNB) theory. In addition, we also identified a small group of functionally related genes encoding proteins involved in sterol synthesis that could act as the initial drivers of the Differentiation. In order to assess quantitatively the cell-to-cell variability in gene expression and its evolution in time, we used Shannon entropy as a measure of the heterogeneity. Entropy values showed a significant increase in the first 8 h of the Differentiation Process, reaching a peak between 8 and 24 h, before decreasing to significantly lower values. Moreover, we observed that the previous point of maximum entropy precedes two paramount key points: an irreversible commitment to Differentiation between 24 and 48 h followed by a significant increase in cell size variability at 48 h. In conclusion, when analyzed at the single cell level, the Differentiation Process looks very different from its classical population average view. New observables (like entropy) can be computed, the behavior of which is fully compatible with the idea that Differentiation is not a "simple" program that all cells execute identically but results from the dynamical behavior of the underlying molecular network.