The Experts below are selected from a list of 171 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Brian W. Kernighan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • revisiting a summer vacation Digital restoration and typesetter forensics
    Document Engineering, 2013
    Co-Authors: Steven R Bagley, David F Brailsford, Brian W. Kernighan
    Abstract:

    In 1979 the Computing Science Research Center ('Center 127') at Bell Laboratories bought a Linotron 202 typesetter from the Mergenthaler company. This was a 'third generation' Digital Machine that used a CRT to image characters onto photographic paper. The intent was to use existing Linotype fonts and also to develop new ones to exploit the 202's line-drawing capabilities. Use of the 202 was hindered by Mergenthaler's refusal to reveal the inner structure and encoding mechanisms of the font files. The particular 202 was further dogged by extreme hardware and software unreliability. A memorandum describing the experience was written in early 1980 but was deemed to be too "sensitive" to release. The original troff input for the memorandum exists and now, more than 30 years later, the memorandum can be released. However, the only available record of its visual appearance was a poor-quality scanned photocopy of the original printed version. This paper details our efforts in rebuilding a faithful retypeset replica of the original memorandum, given that the Linotron 202 disappeared long ago, and that this episode at Bell Labs occurred 5 years before the dawn of PostScript (and later PDF) as de facto standards for Digital document preservation. The paper concludes with some lessons for Digital archiving policy drawn from this rebuilding exercise.

  • ACM Symposium on Document Engineering - Revisiting a summer vacation: Digital restoration and typesetter forensics
    Proceedings of the 2013 ACM symposium on Document engineering, 2013
    Co-Authors: Steven R Bagley, David F Brailsford, Brian W. Kernighan
    Abstract:

    In 1979 the Computing Science Research Center ('Center 127') at Bell Laboratories bought a Linotron 202 typesetter from the Mergenthaler company. This was a 'third generation' Digital Machine that used a CRT to image characters onto photographic paper. The intent was to use existing Linotype fonts and also to develop new ones to exploit the 202's line-drawing capabilities. Use of the 202 was hindered by Mergenthaler's refusal to reveal the inner structure and encoding mechanisms of the font files. The particular 202 was further dogged by extreme hardware and software unreliability. A memorandum describing the experience was written in early 1980 but was deemed to be too "sensitive" to release. The original troff input for the memorandum exists and now, more than 30 years later, the memorandum can be released. However, the only available record of its visual appearance was a poor-quality scanned photocopy of the original printed version. This paper details our efforts in rebuilding a faithful retypeset replica of the original memorandum, given that the Linotron 202 disappeared long ago, and that this episode at Bell Labs occurred 5 years before the dawn of PostScript (and later PDF) as de facto standards for Digital document preservation. The paper concludes with some lessons for Digital archiving policy drawn from this rebuilding exercise.

Steven R Bagley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • revisiting a summer vacation Digital restoration and typesetter forensics
    Document Engineering, 2013
    Co-Authors: Steven R Bagley, David F Brailsford, Brian W. Kernighan
    Abstract:

    In 1979 the Computing Science Research Center ('Center 127') at Bell Laboratories bought a Linotron 202 typesetter from the Mergenthaler company. This was a 'third generation' Digital Machine that used a CRT to image characters onto photographic paper. The intent was to use existing Linotype fonts and also to develop new ones to exploit the 202's line-drawing capabilities. Use of the 202 was hindered by Mergenthaler's refusal to reveal the inner structure and encoding mechanisms of the font files. The particular 202 was further dogged by extreme hardware and software unreliability. A memorandum describing the experience was written in early 1980 but was deemed to be too "sensitive" to release. The original troff input for the memorandum exists and now, more than 30 years later, the memorandum can be released. However, the only available record of its visual appearance was a poor-quality scanned photocopy of the original printed version. This paper details our efforts in rebuilding a faithful retypeset replica of the original memorandum, given that the Linotron 202 disappeared long ago, and that this episode at Bell Labs occurred 5 years before the dawn of PostScript (and later PDF) as de facto standards for Digital document preservation. The paper concludes with some lessons for Digital archiving policy drawn from this rebuilding exercise.

  • ACM Symposium on Document Engineering - Revisiting a summer vacation: Digital restoration and typesetter forensics
    Proceedings of the 2013 ACM symposium on Document engineering, 2013
    Co-Authors: Steven R Bagley, David F Brailsford, Brian W. Kernighan
    Abstract:

    In 1979 the Computing Science Research Center ('Center 127') at Bell Laboratories bought a Linotron 202 typesetter from the Mergenthaler company. This was a 'third generation' Digital Machine that used a CRT to image characters onto photographic paper. The intent was to use existing Linotype fonts and also to develop new ones to exploit the 202's line-drawing capabilities. Use of the 202 was hindered by Mergenthaler's refusal to reveal the inner structure and encoding mechanisms of the font files. The particular 202 was further dogged by extreme hardware and software unreliability. A memorandum describing the experience was written in early 1980 but was deemed to be too "sensitive" to release. The original troff input for the memorandum exists and now, more than 30 years later, the memorandum can be released. However, the only available record of its visual appearance was a poor-quality scanned photocopy of the original printed version. This paper details our efforts in rebuilding a faithful retypeset replica of the original memorandum, given that the Linotron 202 disappeared long ago, and that this episode at Bell Labs occurred 5 years before the dawn of PostScript (and later PDF) as de facto standards for Digital document preservation. The paper concludes with some lessons for Digital archiving policy drawn from this rebuilding exercise.

Ron Kikinis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a prototype symbolic model of canonical functional neuroanatomy of the motor system
    Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 2008
    Co-Authors: Ionflorin Talos, Daniel L Rubin, Michael Halle, Mark A Musen, Ron Kikinis
    Abstract:

    Recent advances in bioinformatics have opened entire new avenues for organizing, integrating and retrieving neuroscientific data, in a Digital, Machine-processable format, which can be at the same time understood by humans, using ontological, symbolic data representations. Declarative information stored in ontological format can be perused and maintained by domain experts, interpreted by Machines, and serve as basis for a multitude of decision support, computerized simulation, data mining, and teaching applications. We have developed a prototype symbolic model of canonical neuroanatomy of the motor system. Our symbolic model is intended to support symbolic lookup, logical inference and mathematical modeling by integrating descriptive, qualitative and quantitative functional neuroanatomical knowledge. Furthermore, we show how our approach can be extended to modeling impaired brain connectivity in disease states, such as common movement disorders. In developing our ontology, we adopted a disciplined modeling approach, relying on a set of declared principles, a high-level schema, Aristotelian definitions, and a frame-based authoring system. These features, along with the use of the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) vocabulary, enable the alignment of our functional ontology with an existing comprehensive ontology of human anatomy, and thus allow for combining the structural and functional views of neuroanatomy for clinical decision support and neuroanatomy teaching applications. Although the scope of our current prototype ontology is limited to a particular functional system in the brain, it may be possible to adapt this approach for modeling other brain functional systems as well.

Niu Longping - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

David F Brailsford - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • revisiting a summer vacation Digital restoration and typesetter forensics
    Document Engineering, 2013
    Co-Authors: Steven R Bagley, David F Brailsford, Brian W. Kernighan
    Abstract:

    In 1979 the Computing Science Research Center ('Center 127') at Bell Laboratories bought a Linotron 202 typesetter from the Mergenthaler company. This was a 'third generation' Digital Machine that used a CRT to image characters onto photographic paper. The intent was to use existing Linotype fonts and also to develop new ones to exploit the 202's line-drawing capabilities. Use of the 202 was hindered by Mergenthaler's refusal to reveal the inner structure and encoding mechanisms of the font files. The particular 202 was further dogged by extreme hardware and software unreliability. A memorandum describing the experience was written in early 1980 but was deemed to be too "sensitive" to release. The original troff input for the memorandum exists and now, more than 30 years later, the memorandum can be released. However, the only available record of its visual appearance was a poor-quality scanned photocopy of the original printed version. This paper details our efforts in rebuilding a faithful retypeset replica of the original memorandum, given that the Linotron 202 disappeared long ago, and that this episode at Bell Labs occurred 5 years before the dawn of PostScript (and later PDF) as de facto standards for Digital document preservation. The paper concludes with some lessons for Digital archiving policy drawn from this rebuilding exercise.

  • ACM Symposium on Document Engineering - Revisiting a summer vacation: Digital restoration and typesetter forensics
    Proceedings of the 2013 ACM symposium on Document engineering, 2013
    Co-Authors: Steven R Bagley, David F Brailsford, Brian W. Kernighan
    Abstract:

    In 1979 the Computing Science Research Center ('Center 127') at Bell Laboratories bought a Linotron 202 typesetter from the Mergenthaler company. This was a 'third generation' Digital Machine that used a CRT to image characters onto photographic paper. The intent was to use existing Linotype fonts and also to develop new ones to exploit the 202's line-drawing capabilities. Use of the 202 was hindered by Mergenthaler's refusal to reveal the inner structure and encoding mechanisms of the font files. The particular 202 was further dogged by extreme hardware and software unreliability. A memorandum describing the experience was written in early 1980 but was deemed to be too "sensitive" to release. The original troff input for the memorandum exists and now, more than 30 years later, the memorandum can be released. However, the only available record of its visual appearance was a poor-quality scanned photocopy of the original printed version. This paper details our efforts in rebuilding a faithful retypeset replica of the original memorandum, given that the Linotron 202 disappeared long ago, and that this episode at Bell Labs occurred 5 years before the dawn of PostScript (and later PDF) as de facto standards for Digital document preservation. The paper concludes with some lessons for Digital archiving policy drawn from this rebuilding exercise.