The Experts below are selected from a list of 237 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Mark D Soucek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Modified soybean oil as a reactive Diluent: coating performance
Journal of Coatings Technology and Research, 2015Co-Authors: Priyanka P. Nalawade, Mark D SoucekAbstract:A long oil alkyd was formulated with three soybean oil-based reactive Diluents. Coatings properties were evaluated as a function of concentration of reactive Diluent in the formulation. The tensile, thermomechanical, and general coating properties were evaluated. General coatings properties included crosshatch adhesion, pencil hardness, impact resistance, and solvent resistance. The siloxane and allyl ether-functionalized soybean oil enhanced the tensile modulus and crosslink density by 20% and 70%, respectively. Coatings with fluorine-functionalized soybean oil showed enhanced contact angle and solvent resistance, compared to alkyd coatings alone. The incorporation of reactive Diluents in the formulation improved pencil hardness, while other general coating properties were not significantly affected.
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Investigation of non-isocyanate urethane dimethacrylate reactive Diluents for UV-curable polyurethane coatings
Progress in Organic Coatings, 2013Co-Authors: Xiaojiang Wang, Mark D SoucekAbstract:Three non-isocyanate urethane dimethacrylate reactive Diluents 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethylcarbamate (EOAED), 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl 3-(methacryloyloxy)propylcarbamate (POAED), and 1-(methacryloyloxy)propan-2-yl 3-(methacryloyloxy)propylcarbamate (POAPD) were synthesized by the reaction of a cyclic carbonate with an amino alcohol followed by a second reaction with the methacrylic anhydride. These reactive Diluents were formulated with an acrylated polyester (APE) oligomer and free radical photoinitiator to prepare UV-curable polyurethane coatings. For comparison with urethane dimethacrylate reactive Diluents, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) was also used. The effect of reactive Diluent type and content on the viscosity of the APE oligomer was measured. After UV curing, the viscoelastic, tensile, and thermal properties of the cured films were evaluated as a function of the reactive Diluent using dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), tensile, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). In addition, coating properties such as pencil hardness, chemical resistance, impact resistance, and gloss were also investigated. It was found that crosslink density, storage and tensile modulus, pencil hardness, chemical resistance, gel content, total water absorption, and glass transition temperature (Tg) were directly proportional to the amount of the reactive Diluent. The urethane dimethacrylate reactive Diluents show significant improvements in impact resistance and elongation-at-break properties compared to the EGDMA. It was found that the optimum level of the urethane dimethacrylate reactive Diluents concentration is between 10 and 20 wt%. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.
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A photo-curing study of a pigmented UV-curable alkyd
Progress in Organic Coatings, 2012Co-Authors: P. Chittavanich, Keith Miller, Mark D SoucekAbstract:The photo-curing of a pigmented UV-curable tung oil alkyd system (UVTA) was investigated. The UV-curable alkyd was a Diels-Alder Adduct of trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate with a tung oil-based alkyd. A mixture of yellow iron oxide, red iron oxide, titanium dioxide and lamp black pigments were chosen to obtain an observed yellow color. The pigment mixture, UV-curable alkyd and a reactive Diluent were formulated together and photo-cured via a free radical mechanism. The through and surface cure was assessed by thumb twist, blocking resistance and MEK single rub. The through cure and surface cure assessment showed that optimum cure was achieved using UV-A as a source with two photoinitiators: phenylbis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-phosphine oxide) at 2 wt% and 1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl-phenyl-ketone at 4 wt%. The effect of reactive Diluent was also investigated. Ten different reactive Diluents were used. After curing, pencil hardness, conical mandrel, impact resistance, cross cut adhesion and gloss were measured. In addition, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) was used to evaluate selected systems. The coatings tests showed that the use of long chain linear structure Diluents, such as isodecyl methacrylate, provided UV-curable paint films with better impact resistance, flexibility, and adhesion over other reactive Diluents. ?? 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
P K Mohapatra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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efficient solvent system containing malonamides in room temperature ionic liquids actinide extraction fluorescence and radiolytic degradation studies
Dalton Transactions, 2013Co-Authors: P N Pathak, Ajay B Patil, Vaishali S Shinde, S V Godbole, P K MohapatraAbstract:Solvent extraction studies of actinide metal ions such as Am(III), U(VI), Np(IV), Np(VI), Pu(IV) were carried out in a nitric acid medium using two diamides (L) viz. (DMDBTDMA (N,N′-dimethyl-N,N′-dibutyl-2-tetradecylmalonamide) and DMDOHEMA (N,N′-dimethyl-N,N′-dioctyl-2-(2′-(hexyloxy)ethyl)-malonamide) dissolved in different room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs). The use of RTILs as the Diluent significantly enhanced metal ion extraction as compared to that observed in non polar Diluent such as n-dodecane. The effects of parameters such as kinetics, aqueous phase acidity (0.01–3 M HNO3), metal ion oxidation states, diamide concentration on the extraction of metal ions were studied. The stoichiometry of the extracted Am(III) species using these diamides varied with ligand concentration viz. (Am.3L)3+ ([L] = 0.005–0.02 M) and (Am.2–2.5L)3+ ([L] = 0.05–0.1 M). Time resolved laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS) studies showed that the extracted species of Eu(III) in an ionic liquid medium had no coordinated water molecules, in contrast to the presence of 1–2 water molecules in the extracted species in a n-dodecane medium. The radiolytic degradation behavior of the diamides/RTIL system has been studied using IR spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The data revealed that a significantly lower ligand concentration is required for actinide extraction in ionic liquids as the extraction media as compared to nonpolar Diluents.
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a highly efficient solvent system containing todga in room temperature ionic liquids for actinide extraction
Separation and Purification Technology, 2012Co-Authors: S Panja, P K Mohapatra, S C Tripathi, P M Gandhi, P JanardanAbstract:Abstract Extraction behavior of several actinide ions viz. Am3+, Pu4+ and UO 2 2 + was investigated using N,N,N′,N′-tetra-n-octyl diglycolamide (TODGA) as extractant in three different room temperature ionic liquids (RTIL), viz. C 4 mim + · NTf 2 - , C 6 mim + · NTf 2 - , and C 8 mim + · NTf 2 - as the Diluents. The solvent systems containing TODGA in the RTILs were found to result in higher distribution ratios for all the actinides (trivalent, hexavalent, tetravalent) as compared to that containing n-dodecane as the Diluent. Moreover, the distribution ratio values of the metal ions at lower acidities were found to decrease with increasing feed nitric acid concentration. Extraction was found to be independent of the anion of the aqueous phase. Mechanism of extraction of the actinides was found to be different compared to n-dodecane, molecular Diluent. Cation-exchange was found to be the mechanism of extraction followed in RTILs. Effect of carbon chain length of alkyl groups of the RTILs conclusively proved the mechanism of extraction of the actinides by TODGA. Nature of extracted species was also found to differ from n-dodecane. Stripping studies were carried out using complexing agents such as EDTA, DTPA in guanidine carbonate or a buffer mixture.
James C Keck - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effect of Diluent on flame structure and laminar burning speeds of jp 8 oxidizer Diluent premixed flames
Fuel, 2011Co-Authors: Kian Eisazadehfar, Ali Moghaddas, Hameed Metghalchi, James C KeckAbstract:Abstract Experimental studies have been performed to investigate the flame structure and laminar burning speed of JP-8/oxidizer/Diluent premixed flames at high temperatures and pressures. Three different Diluents including argon, helium, and a mixture of 14% CO 2 and 86% N 2 (extra Diluent gases), were used. The experiments were carried out in two constant volume spherical and cylindrical vessels. Laminar burning speeds were measured using a thermodynamics model based on the pressure rise method. Temperatures from 493 to 700 K and pressures from 1 to 11.5 atm were investigated. Extra Diluent gases (EDG) decrease the laminar burning speeds but do not greatly impact the stability of the flame compared to JP-8/air. Replacing nitrogen in the air with argon and helium increases the range of temperature and pressure in the experiments. Helium as a Diluent also increases the temperature and pressure range of stable flame as well as the laminar burning speed. Power law correlations have been developed for laminar burning speeds of JP-8/air/EDG and JP-8/oxygen/helium mixtures at a temperature range of 493–700 K and a pressure range of 1–10 atm for lean mixtures.
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The effect of Diluent on flame structure and laminar burning speeds of JP-8/oxidizer/Diluent premixed flames
Fuel, 2011Co-Authors: Kian Eisazadeh-far, Ali Moghaddas, Hameed Metghalchi, James C KeckAbstract:Abstract Experimental studies have been performed to investigate the flame structure and laminar burning speed of JP-8/oxidizer/Diluent premixed flames at high temperatures and pressures. Three different Diluents including argon, helium, and a mixture of 14% CO 2 and 86% N 2 (extra Diluent gases), were used. The experiments were carried out in two constant volume spherical and cylindrical vessels. Laminar burning speeds were measured using a thermodynamics model based on the pressure rise method. Temperatures from 493 to 700 K and pressures from 1 to 11.5 atm were investigated. Extra Diluent gases (EDG) decrease the laminar burning speeds but do not greatly impact the stability of the flame compared to JP-8/air. Replacing nitrogen in the air with argon and helium increases the range of temperature and pressure in the experiments. Helium as a Diluent also increases the temperature and pressure range of stable flame as well as the laminar burning speed. Power law correlations have been developed for laminar burning speeds of JP-8/air/EDG and JP-8/oxygen/helium mixtures at a temperature range of 493–700 K and a pressure range of 1–10 atm for lean mixtures.
Ajay B Patil - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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efficient solvent system containing malonamides in room temperature ionic liquids actinide extraction fluorescence and radiolytic degradation studies
Dalton Transactions, 2013Co-Authors: P N Pathak, Ajay B Patil, Vaishali S Shinde, S V Godbole, P K MohapatraAbstract:Solvent extraction studies of actinide metal ions such as Am(III), U(VI), Np(IV), Np(VI), Pu(IV) were carried out in a nitric acid medium using two diamides (L) viz. (DMDBTDMA (N,N′-dimethyl-N,N′-dibutyl-2-tetradecylmalonamide) and DMDOHEMA (N,N′-dimethyl-N,N′-dioctyl-2-(2′-(hexyloxy)ethyl)-malonamide) dissolved in different room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs). The use of RTILs as the Diluent significantly enhanced metal ion extraction as compared to that observed in non polar Diluent such as n-dodecane. The effects of parameters such as kinetics, aqueous phase acidity (0.01–3 M HNO3), metal ion oxidation states, diamide concentration on the extraction of metal ions were studied. The stoichiometry of the extracted Am(III) species using these diamides varied with ligand concentration viz. (Am.3L)3+ ([L] = 0.005–0.02 M) and (Am.2–2.5L)3+ ([L] = 0.05–0.1 M). Time resolved laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS) studies showed that the extracted species of Eu(III) in an ionic liquid medium had no coordinated water molecules, in contrast to the presence of 1–2 water molecules in the extracted species in a n-dodecane medium. The radiolytic degradation behavior of the diamides/RTIL system has been studied using IR spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The data revealed that a significantly lower ligand concentration is required for actinide extraction in ionic liquids as the extraction media as compared to nonpolar Diluents.
Mi Young Jeon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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phase behavior of polymer Diluent Diluent mixtures and their application to control microporous membrane structure
Journal of Membrane Science, 2007Co-Authors: Mi Young JeonAbstract:Abstract Rechargeable battery separators containing controlled pores were fabricated via the thermally-induced phase separation (TIPS) process. Based on the idea that pores could be manipulated by controlling the liquid–liquid phase separation temperature in the TIPS process, phase boundaries of the polymer–Diluent systems were controlled by using Diluent mixtures. Phase behaviors of the polymer/Diluent/Diluent ternary blends consisting of polyethylene (PE) as polymer, and soybean oil (SBO) and dioctyl phthalate (DOP) as Diluents were explored. PE/SBO and PE/DOP binary blends, and PE/SOB/DOP ternary blends exhibited typical upper critical solution temperature (UCST) type phase behaviors, and the phase separation temperatures of the PE/SBO blends were higher than those of the PE/DOP blends. When the mixing ratio of the polymer and Diluent-mixture was fixed, the phase separation temperature of the PE/SBO/DOP blend initially increased with increasing SBO content in the Diluent-mixture passing through a maximum centered at about 80 wt% SBO and decreased beyond this point. Furthermore, the phase separation temperature of the PE/Diluent-mixture blend was always higher than that of the PE/SBO blend when the Diluent-mixture contained more than or equal to 50 wt% SBO. To understand the observed phase behavior of the blends, thermodynamic analyses based on the lattice-fluid theory were performed. Larger pore membranes were fabricated from the blend when higher phase separation temperatures of the blend were exhibited.
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Phase behavior of polymer/Diluent/Diluent mixtures and their application to control microporous membrane structure
Journal of Membrane Science, 2007Co-Authors: Mi Young JeonAbstract:Abstract Rechargeable battery separators containing controlled pores were fabricated via the thermally-induced phase separation (TIPS) process. Based on the idea that pores could be manipulated by controlling the liquid–liquid phase separation temperature in the TIPS process, phase boundaries of the polymer–Diluent systems were controlled by using Diluent mixtures. Phase behaviors of the polymer/Diluent/Diluent ternary blends consisting of polyethylene (PE) as polymer, and soybean oil (SBO) and dioctyl phthalate (DOP) as Diluents were explored. PE/SBO and PE/DOP binary blends, and PE/SOB/DOP ternary blends exhibited typical upper critical solution temperature (UCST) type phase behaviors, and the phase separation temperatures of the PE/SBO blends were higher than those of the PE/DOP blends. When the mixing ratio of the polymer and Diluent-mixture was fixed, the phase separation temperature of the PE/SBO/DOP blend initially increased with increasing SBO content in the Diluent-mixture passing through a maximum centered at about 80 wt% SBO and decreased beyond this point. Furthermore, the phase separation temperature of the PE/Diluent-mixture blend was always higher than that of the PE/SBO blend when the Diluent-mixture contained more than or equal to 50 wt% SBO. To understand the observed phase behavior of the blends, thermodynamic analyses based on the lattice-fluid theory were performed. Larger pore membranes were fabricated from the blend when higher phase separation temperatures of the blend were exhibited.