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Christopher D. Frith - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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How do illusions constrain goal-Directed Movement: perceptual and visuomotor influences on speed/accuracy trade-off
Experimental Brain Research, 2011Co-Authors: Joshua C. Skewes, Andreas Roepstorff, Christopher D. FrithAbstract:Recent research shows that visual processing influences the speed/accuracy trade-off people use when performing goal-Directed Movement. This raises the question of how this influence is produced in visual cognition. Visual influences on speed/accuracy trade-off could be produced in conscious visual perception, in non-conscious visuomotor transformation, or by some interaction of conscious perceptual and non-conscious visuomotor processes. There is independent evidence showing that both perceptual and visuomotor processes are involved in trading off speed and accuracy; however, the interaction between these processes has yet to be investigated. We present an experiment in which we show that a change in visual consciousness induced by a perceptual illusion affects the speed and accuracy of goal-Directed Movements, suggesting that perceptual and visuomotor processes do interact in speed/accuracy trade-off. We discuss the consequences of these results for theories of visual function more generally.
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how do illusions constrain goal Directed Movement perceptual and visuomotor influences on speed accuracy trade off
Experimental Brain Research, 2011Co-Authors: Joshua C. Skewes, Andreas Roepstorff, Christopher D. FrithAbstract:Recent research shows that visual processing influences the speed/accuracy trade-off people use when performing goal-Directed Movement. This raises the question of how this influence is produced in visual cognition. Visual influences on speed/accuracy trade-off could be produced in conscious visual perception, in non-conscious visuomotor transformation, or by some interaction of conscious perceptual and non-conscious visuomotor processes. There is independent evidence showing that both perceptual and visuomotor processes are involved in trading off speed and accuracy; however, the interaction between these processes has yet to be investigated. We present an experiment in which we show that a change in visual consciousness induced by a perceptual illusion affects the speed and accuracy of goal-Directed Movements, suggesting that perceptual and visuomotor processes do interact in speed/accuracy trade-off. We discuss the consequences of these results for theories of visual function more generally.
Joshua C. Skewes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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How do illusions constrain goal-Directed Movement: perceptual and visuomotor influences on speed/accuracy trade-off
Experimental Brain Research, 2011Co-Authors: Joshua C. Skewes, Andreas Roepstorff, Christopher D. FrithAbstract:Recent research shows that visual processing influences the speed/accuracy trade-off people use when performing goal-Directed Movement. This raises the question of how this influence is produced in visual cognition. Visual influences on speed/accuracy trade-off could be produced in conscious visual perception, in non-conscious visuomotor transformation, or by some interaction of conscious perceptual and non-conscious visuomotor processes. There is independent evidence showing that both perceptual and visuomotor processes are involved in trading off speed and accuracy; however, the interaction between these processes has yet to be investigated. We present an experiment in which we show that a change in visual consciousness induced by a perceptual illusion affects the speed and accuracy of goal-Directed Movements, suggesting that perceptual and visuomotor processes do interact in speed/accuracy trade-off. We discuss the consequences of these results for theories of visual function more generally.
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how do illusions constrain goal Directed Movement perceptual and visuomotor influences on speed accuracy trade off
Experimental Brain Research, 2011Co-Authors: Joshua C. Skewes, Andreas Roepstorff, Christopher D. FrithAbstract:Recent research shows that visual processing influences the speed/accuracy trade-off people use when performing goal-Directed Movement. This raises the question of how this influence is produced in visual cognition. Visual influences on speed/accuracy trade-off could be produced in conscious visual perception, in non-conscious visuomotor transformation, or by some interaction of conscious perceptual and non-conscious visuomotor processes. There is independent evidence showing that both perceptual and visuomotor processes are involved in trading off speed and accuracy; however, the interaction between these processes has yet to be investigated. We present an experiment in which we show that a change in visual consciousness induced by a perceptual illusion affects the speed and accuracy of goal-Directed Movements, suggesting that perceptual and visuomotor processes do interact in speed/accuracy trade-off. We discuss the consequences of these results for theories of visual function more generally.
Digby Elliott - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Intermittent Vision and Goal-Directed Movement: A Review.
Journal of motor behavior, 2020Co-Authors: Digby Elliott, Simon J. BennettAbstract:It is well known that vision makes an important contribution to the control of goal-Directed Movements. However, task performance can be maintained when vision is interrupted, such as when a goalke...
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Effector mass and trajectory optimization in the online regulation of goal-Directed Movement
Experimental brain research, 2015Co-Authors: James J. Burkitt, Digby Elliott, Victoria Staite, Afrisa Yeung, James L. LyonsAbstract:Goal-Directed aiming Movements are planned and executed so that they optimize speed, accuracy and energy expenditure. In particular, the primary subMovements involved in manual aiming attempts typically undershoot targets in order to avoid costly time and energy overshoot errors. Furthermore, in aiming Movements performed over a series of trials, the Movement planning process considers the sensory information associated with the most recent aiming attempt. The goal of the current study was to gain further insight into how the sensory consequences associated with the recent and forthcoming aiming attempts impact performance. We first examined whether performers are more conservative in their aiming Movements with a heavy, as opposed to a light, stylus by determining whether primary subMovements undershot the target to a greater extent in the former due to an anticipated increase in spatial variability. Our results show that Movements with the heavy stylus demonstrated greater undershoot biases in the primary subMovements, as well as greater trial-to-trial spatial variability at specific trajectory kinematic landmarks. In addition, we also sought to determine whether the sensory information experienced on a previous aiming Movement affected Movement planning and/or online control on the subsequent aiming attempt. To vary the type sensory consequences experienced on a trial-to-trial basis, participants performed aiming Movements with light and heavy styli in either blocked or random orderings of trials. In the random-order conditions, some participants were provided advance information about stylus mass for the upcoming trial, while others were not. The blocked and random trial orders had minimal impacts on end point aiming performance. Furthermore, similarities in the times to key kinematic landmarks in the trajectories of the random-order groups suggest that recent trial experience had a greater effect on the upcoming aiming Movement compared with advance task knowledge.
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Prior knowledge of stylus mass and the online regulation of goal-Directed Movement
2013Co-Authors: James J. Burkitt, Digby Elliott, Victoria Staite, Afrisa Yeung, James L. LyonsAbstract:Prior knowledge about the sensory information available on an upcoming aiming trial allows performers to execute a Movement that strategically utilizes this information. When prior knowledge is not provided and performers are unaware of the sensory environment they will be faced with, they typically prepare for the worst-case scenario (e.g., Hansen et al., 2006). The purpose of this study was to examine whether prior knowledge about the mass of a stylus impacted the execution of a goal-Directed Movement, so that the consequences of spatial variability (i.e., target relative location of primary subMovement end points) could be minimized. In this case, planning for the worst-case scenario is associated with Movements made with a heavier stylus, since they generally involve greater initial force requirements and higher spatial variability. Three groups of participants performed goal-Directed aiming Movements with a light (36g) and heavy (243g) stylus. Two groups were provided with prior knowledge about the stylus to be used on the upcoming trial and followed either a random (PK) or blocked (BL) protocol; another group was yoked (Y) to the PK group and was not provided prior knowledge. Movements with the heavy stylus were spatially more variable at the peaks of velocity and deceleration, and demonstrated greater undershoot biases with the primary subMovements. However, there were no differences between groups in these measures. Therefore, independent of prior knowledge, kinematic differences in Movements with the styli were suggested to be rectified online by a process of visual regulation that guided the limb onto the target.Acknowledgments: Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
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vision and goal Directed Movement neurobehavioral perspectives
2010Co-Authors: Digby Elliott, Michael A KhanAbstract:Chapter 1. The Legacy of R.S. Woodworth Chapter 2. The Optimization of Speed, Accuracy and Energy in Goal-Directed Aiming Chapter 9. Prediction in Ocular Pursuit Chapter 10. Oculomotor Contributions to Reaching: Close is Good Enough Chapter 11. Eye - Hand Coordination in Goal-Directed Action: Normal and Pathological Functioning Chapter 12. Lateralization of Goal-Directed Movement.
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Monocular and Binocular Vision in the Control of Goal-Directed Movement
Journal of motor behavior, 2000Co-Authors: Jamie Coull, Patricia L. Weir, Luc Tremblay, Daniel J. Weeks, Digby ElliottAbstract:In the present research the authors examined the time course of binocular integration in goal-Directed aiming and grasping. With liquid-crystal goggles, the authors manipulated vision independently to the right and left eyes of 10 students during Movement preparation and Movement execution. Contrary to earlier findings reported in catching experiments (I. Olivier, D. J. Weeks, K. L. Ricker, J. Lyons, & D. Elliott, 1998), neither a temporal nor a spatial binocular advantage was obtained in 1 grasping and 2 aiming studies. That result suggests that, at least in some circumstances, monocular vision is sufficient for the precise control of limb Movements. In a final aiming experiment involving 3-dimensional spatial variability and no trial-to-trial visual feedback about performance, binocular vision was associated with greater spatial accuracy. Binocular superiority appeared to be most pronounced when participants were unable to adjust their limb control strategy or procedure on the basis of terminal feedback about performance.
Andreas Roepstorff - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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How do illusions constrain goal-Directed Movement: perceptual and visuomotor influences on speed/accuracy trade-off
Experimental Brain Research, 2011Co-Authors: Joshua C. Skewes, Andreas Roepstorff, Christopher D. FrithAbstract:Recent research shows that visual processing influences the speed/accuracy trade-off people use when performing goal-Directed Movement. This raises the question of how this influence is produced in visual cognition. Visual influences on speed/accuracy trade-off could be produced in conscious visual perception, in non-conscious visuomotor transformation, or by some interaction of conscious perceptual and non-conscious visuomotor processes. There is independent evidence showing that both perceptual and visuomotor processes are involved in trading off speed and accuracy; however, the interaction between these processes has yet to be investigated. We present an experiment in which we show that a change in visual consciousness induced by a perceptual illusion affects the speed and accuracy of goal-Directed Movements, suggesting that perceptual and visuomotor processes do interact in speed/accuracy trade-off. We discuss the consequences of these results for theories of visual function more generally.
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how do illusions constrain goal Directed Movement perceptual and visuomotor influences on speed accuracy trade off
Experimental Brain Research, 2011Co-Authors: Joshua C. Skewes, Andreas Roepstorff, Christopher D. FrithAbstract:Recent research shows that visual processing influences the speed/accuracy trade-off people use when performing goal-Directed Movement. This raises the question of how this influence is produced in visual cognition. Visual influences on speed/accuracy trade-off could be produced in conscious visual perception, in non-conscious visuomotor transformation, or by some interaction of conscious perceptual and non-conscious visuomotor processes. There is independent evidence showing that both perceptual and visuomotor processes are involved in trading off speed and accuracy; however, the interaction between these processes has yet to be investigated. We present an experiment in which we show that a change in visual consciousness induced by a perceptual illusion affects the speed and accuracy of goal-Directed Movements, suggesting that perceptual and visuomotor processes do interact in speed/accuracy trade-off. We discuss the consequences of these results for theories of visual function more generally.
Charles Spence - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Tactile suppression in goal-Directed Movement
Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 2017Co-Authors: Georgiana Juravle, Gordon Binsted, Charles SpenceAbstract:Sharing numerous characteristics with suppression in the other senses, tactile suppression is a reliable phenomenon that accompanies Movement. By investigating the simplest of Movements (e.g., finger flexions), early research tried to explain the origins of the phenomenon in terms of motor command generation together with sensory reafference. Here, we review recent research that has delved into (naturalistic) goal-Directed Movements. In connection with goal-Directed Movement, tactile suppression is evident as a decrease in behavioural performance measured shortly prior to, and during, Movement execution. It is also reflected in a consistent response bias highlighting the (perceptual) uncertainty of the Movement. Goal-Directed Movement supports the forward model and establishes contextual influences as the defining influences on tactile suppression. Depending on the task at hand, people prioritize a certain percept during Movement. Future research, we argue, should focus on studying naturalistic Movements, or sequences of Movements, that share a common meaning or goal .
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Electrophysiological correlates of tactile and visual perception during goal-Directed Movement
Seeing and Perceiving, 2012Co-Authors: Georgiana Juravle, Charles Spence, Tobias Heed, Brigitte RoederAbstract:Tactile information arriving at our sensory receptors is differentially processed over the various temporal phases of goal-Directed Movements. By using event-related potentials (ERPs), we investigated the neuronal correlates of tactile information processing during Movement. Participants performed goal-Directed reaches for an object placed centrally on the table in front of them. Tactile and visual stimuli were presented in separate trials during the different phases of the Movement (i.e., preparation, execution, and post-Movement). These stimuli were independently delivered to either the moving or the resting hand. In a control condition, the participants only performed the Movement, while omission (Movement-only) ERPs were recorded. Participants were told to ignore the presence or absence of any sensory events and solely concentrate on the execution of the Movement. The results highlighted enhanced ERPs between 80 and 200 ms after tactile stimulation, and between 100 and 250 ms after visual stimulation. These modulations were greatest over the execution phase of the goal-Directed Movement, they were effector-based (i.e., significantly more negative for stimuli presented at the moving hand), and modality-independent (i.e., similar ERP enhancements were observed for both tactile and visual stimuli). The enhanced processing of sensory information over the execution phase of the Movement suggests that incoming sensory information may be used for a potential adjustment of the current motor plan. Moreover, these results indicate a tight interaction between attentional mechanisms and the sensorimotor system.
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Changes in tactile sensitivity over the time-course of a goal-Directed Movement.
Behavioural brain research, 2009Co-Authors: Georgiana Juravle, Heiner Deubel, Hong Z. Tan, Charles SpenceAbstract:We report three experiments designed to investigate changes in tactile sensitivity over the time-course of goal-Directed Movements. A dual-task paradigm involving a speeded Movement task and a non-speeded perceptual task was utilized. In the Movement task, participants grasped a start computer mouse with their right hand (RH) and, at the go signal, reached for and grasped a goal mouse placed 25 cm in front of it. In the perceptual task, a tactile (standard) pulse was presented to the middle finger of the left hand (LH) which was kept at rest throughout the experiment. A comparison pulse was delivered to the middle finger of the RH. In Experiment 1, this was delivered in the motor preparation period, at the release of the start mouse, during the reaching phase, at the grasp of the goal mouse, or shortly after the grasping action. In Experiment 2, the comparison pulse was delivered in the preparation period, in the early, mid or late execution periods, or in the post-Movement period. In Experiment 3, participants only performed the perceptual task. The participants made an intensity comparison regarding the second pulse (i.e., stronger vs. weaker than the first). Significant changes in tactile sensitivity were observed, with decreased thresholds (i.e., better performance) during the motor preparation and post-Movement periods and increased thresholds (i.e., poorer performance) during the execution period. These results are discussed in terms of sensory suppression.