The Experts below are selected from a list of 25143 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Carlos Jared - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
physiological basis for Diurnal Activity in dispersing juvenile bufo granulosus in the caatinga a brazilian semi arid environment
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-molecular & Integrative Physiology, 2007Co-Authors: Carlos A Navas, Marta M Antoniazzi, Jose Eduardo De Carvalho, Hana Suzuki, Carlos JaredAbstract:Diurnal Activity is characteristic of many toad species, including Bufo granulosus from the Brazilian semi-arid biome called the Caatinga. Because of their patterns of Activity, juvenile toads are exposed to hot and dehydrating conditions. Our investigation focuses on temperature and water relationships, and is based on the prediction that anuran Diurnal Activity in a semi-arid environment must be associated with morphological, physiological and behavioral traits enhancing thermal tolerances, capacity for performance at high temperatures and water balance. To test specific hypothesis related with this prediction, we investigated postmetamorphic B. granulosus and collected data on thermal tolerances and preferences, thermal safety margins, thermal dependence of locomotor behavior, thermal and kinetic properties of citrate synthase (CS), and skin morphophysiology. This information was compared with additional data from adult conspecifics and adult toads from sympatric species or from species from more moderate environments. We found that juvenile B. granulosus exhibit the highest critical maximum temperature reported for toads (44.2 °C) and are well suited to move at high temperatures. However, and in contrast with juveniles of other Bufo species, they do not show thermal preferences in a gradient and appear to hydroregulate more than thermoregulate. The CS of adult and juvenile toads shows typical patterns of thermal sensibility, but the thermal stability of this enzyme is much higher in juveniles than in adult Bufo of any other species studied. The inguinal skin exhibits a complex folding pattern and seems highly specialized for capillary water uptake. Diurnal Activity in juvenile B. granulosus is possible given high thermal tolerances, keen ability to detect and uptake water, and avoidance behaviors.
Simon Clulow - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
novel habitat causes a shift to Diurnal Activity in a nocturnal species
Scientific Reports, 2019Co-Authors: Sean J Doody, David Rhind, Colin Mchenry, Simon ClulowAbstract:Plastic responses may allow individuals to survive and reproduce in novel environments, and can facilitate the establishment of viable populations. But can novel environments reveal plasticity by causing a shift in a behavior as fundamental and conspicuous as daily Activity? We studied daily Activity times near the invasion front of the cane toad (Rhinella marina), an invasive species that has colonized much of northern Australia. Cane toads in Australia are nocturnal, probably because Diurnal Activity would subject them to intolerably hot and dry conditions in the tropical savannah during the dry season. Our study can demonstrate, however, that upon reaching novel environments some toad populations became Diurnal. Sandstone gorges offered cane toads novel, deeply shaded habitat. Gorges with an east-west axis (day-long northern shadow), narrow gorges and narrow sections of gorges contained toads that were primarily Diurnal, while gorges with a north-south axis, wide gorges and wide sections of gorges contained mainly nocturnal toads. For example, remote camera data (1314 observations of toad Activity times over 789 trap days) revealed strictly nocturnal Activity at four ‘exposed’ sites (99% of 144 observations over 179 days), compared to mostly Diurnal Activity at a ‘shaded’ site (78% of 254 observations). Visual encounter surveys confirmed that Diurnal Activity occurred exclusively at shaded sites, while most nocturnal Activity occurred at exposed sites. The close proximity of Diurnal and nocturnal toads (4–7 km) provided compelling evidence for the abovementioned physical factors as the proximate cause of the behavioral dichotomy, and for a novel (deeply shaded gorges) environment causing the shift to Diurnal Activity.
J Y Lafaye - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
diel Activity rhythm of seabass tracked in a natural environment group effects on swimming patterns and amplitudes
Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 1997Co-Authors: M Begout L Anras, J P Lagardere, J Y LafayeAbstract:Seabass swimming behavior was investigated in a salt-marsh area located along the Atlantic coast north of La Rochelle, France. Seabass is a natural inhabitant of this coastal zone and is farmed there as well. During its 3rd year, seabass can move about either singly or in small groups. Swimming Activity of single fish and fish in a group was studied using an acoustic telemetry recording system. This study demonstrates that swimming Activity levels and patterns of this species are modified by a group effect. Single fish were mainly nocturnal and fish in a group adopted a Diurnal Activity rhythm and lower maximum swimming Activity levels.
Austin W Cameron - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
seasonal movements and Diurnal Activity rhythms of the grey seal halichoerus grypus
Journal of Zoology, 2009Co-Authors: Austin W CameronAbstract:The seasonal movements and Diurnal Activity rhythms of the Grey seals occurring along the Atlantic Coast of Nova Scotia and in the southern part of the Gulf of St Lawrence have been studied over a period of three and a half years. The seasonal movements of the adults can be divided into five periods or phases: (1) prepupping, (2) pupping and mating, (3) postmating, (4) spring concentration and (5) summer dispersal. The Diurnal Activity rhythm is attuned to the tides; the effects of the hours of daylight appear to be minimal. During the breeding season the cows go to sea as the tide is falling and return when it is rising. Adults of both sexes have a similar rhythm at other times of the year, except in mid-summer when the pattern is reversed.
Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
geographic distribution of stomoxyine flies diptera muscidae and Diurnal Activity of stomoxys calcitrans in thailand
Journal of Medical Entomology, 2010Co-Authors: Vithee Muenworn, Gérard Duvallet, Krajana Thainchum, Siripun Tuntakom, Somchai Tanasilchayakul, Atchariya Prabaripai, Pongthep Akratanakul, Suprada Sukonthabhirom, Theeraphap ChareonviriyaphapAbstract:Stomoxyine sies (Stomoxys spp.) were collected in 10 localities of Thailand using the Vavoua traps. These localities represented four major ecological settings, as follows: small local dairy farms, large industrial dairy farms, a national park, and one elephant conservation area. Three species of stable sies were identiÞed in the following proportions: Stomoxys calcitrans (91.5%), Stomoxys indicus (7.9%), and Stomoxys sitiens (0.6%). The number of sies collected differed signiÞcantly among collection sites ( 2 360.15, df 3, P 0.05). The greatest number of stomoxyine sies was captured in dairy farms. Seasonal and daily Activity of S. calcitrans was observed during a 1-yr period at two selected locations (Dairy Farming Promotion Organization of Thailand and Khao Kheow Open Zoo). S. calcitrans was more abundant during the rainy season (MarchÐSeptember), but was not associated with the total rainfall (r 2 0.0002, P 0.05). Peak of daily sight Activity of males S. calcitrans was at 1000 and 1600 h, whereas females showed an increase of Activity all along the day until 1600 h. A better understanding of stomoxyine sy behavior related to patterns of daily Activity will facilitate and improve the efÞciency of sy control measures in private and government sectors.