The Experts below are selected from a list of 38391 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

David B Weiner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • gene inoculation generates immune responses against human immunodeficiency virus type 1
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1993
    Co-Authors: Bin Wang, Kenneth E Ugen, Vasantha Srikantan, Michael G Agadjanyan, Kesen Dang, Yosef Refaeli, Alice I Sato, Jean D Boyer, William V Williams, David B Weiner
    Abstract:

    Abstract Recently, immunization techniques in which DNA Constructs are introduced directly into mammalian tissue in vivo have been developed. In theory, gene inoculation should result in the production of antigenic proteins in a natural form in the immunized host. Here we present the use of such a technique for the inoculation of mice with a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope DNA Construct (pM160). Mice were injected intramuscularly with pM160 and were subsequently analyzed for their anti-HIV envelope immune responses. Antisera collected from inoculated animals reacted with the recombinant HIV-1 envelope in ELISA and immunoprecipitation assays. The antisera also contained antibodies that were able to neutralize HIV-1 infection and inhibit HIV-1-mediated syncytium formation in vitro. Furthermore, splenic lymphocytes derived from pM160-inoculated animals demonstrated HIV-envelope-specific proliferative responses. The gene inoculation technique mimics features of vaccination with live attenuated viruses and, therefore, may ultimately prove useful in the rapid development of safe and efficacious vaccines as it provides for production of relevant antigen in vivo without the use of infectious agents.

Oleg Krichevsky - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • bubble dynamics in double stranded DNA
    Physical Review Letters, 2003
    Co-Authors: Gregoire Altanbonnet, Oleg Krichevsky, Albert Libchaber
    Abstract:

    We report the first measurement of the dynamics of bubble formation in double-stranded DNA. Fluctuations of fluorescence of a synthetic DNA Construct, internally tagged with a fluorophore and a quencher, are monitored by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. The relaxation dynamics follow a multistate relaxation kinetics, with a characteristic time scale of $50\text{ }\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{s}$. A simple model of bubble dynamics based on constant zipping-unzipping rates is proposed to account for our experimental data. The role of different secondary structures stabilizing the open bubble is tested.

  • Bubble dynamics in double-stranded DNA.
    Physical review letters, 2003
    Co-Authors: Grégoire Altan-bonnet, Albert Libchaber, Oleg Krichevsky
    Abstract:

    We report the first measurement of the dynamics of bubble formation in double-stranded DNA. Fluctuations of fluorescence of a synthetic DNA Construct, internally tagged with a fluorophore and a quencher, are monitored by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. The relaxation dynamics follow a multistate relaxation kinetics, with a characteristic time scale of 50 microseconds. A simple model of bubble dynamics based on constant zipping-unzipping rates is proposed to account for our experimental data. The role of different secondary structures stabilizing the open bubble is tested.

Lesley H Greene - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • demonstration of horizontal gene transfer from genetically engineered thermosynechococcus elongatus bp1 to wild type e coli dh5α
    Gene, 2019
    Co-Authors: Thu H Nguyen, Cherrelle L Barnes, Jason P Agola, Sana Sherazi, Lesley H Greene
    Abstract:

    Abstract Synthetic biology with genetically engineered (GE) cyanobacteria has the potential to produce valuable products such as biofuels. However, it is also essential to assess the potential risks of synthetic biology technology before it can be widely used. In order to address key concerns posed by the application of synthetic biology to microorganisms, studies were designed to monitor the horizontal transfer of engineered genes from GE cyanobacteria Thermosynechococcus elongatus BP1 to Escherichia coli through co-incubation. The results of these experiments demonstrated that the genetically engineered DNA Construct containing alcohol producing genes and kanamycin resistance can be horizontally transferred from GE T. elongatus BP1 to wild-type E. coli following two days of liquid co-culturing. The rapid and facile transfer of foreign genes, which include antibiotic resistance, between bacterial communities signifies the need to continue to deepen our understanding of the process of horizontal gene transfer, chromosomal integration as well as further biosafety-oriented research efforts. In the era of synthetic biology, the natural microbial process for sharing genetic material will also significantly impact risk assessments, containment approaches and further policy development.

Bin Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • gene inoculation generates immune responses against human immunodeficiency virus type 1
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1993
    Co-Authors: Bin Wang, Kenneth E Ugen, Vasantha Srikantan, Michael G Agadjanyan, Kesen Dang, Yosef Refaeli, Alice I Sato, Jean D Boyer, William V Williams, David B Weiner
    Abstract:

    Abstract Recently, immunization techniques in which DNA Constructs are introduced directly into mammalian tissue in vivo have been developed. In theory, gene inoculation should result in the production of antigenic proteins in a natural form in the immunized host. Here we present the use of such a technique for the inoculation of mice with a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope DNA Construct (pM160). Mice were injected intramuscularly with pM160 and were subsequently analyzed for their anti-HIV envelope immune responses. Antisera collected from inoculated animals reacted with the recombinant HIV-1 envelope in ELISA and immunoprecipitation assays. The antisera also contained antibodies that were able to neutralize HIV-1 infection and inhibit HIV-1-mediated syncytium formation in vitro. Furthermore, splenic lymphocytes derived from pM160-inoculated animals demonstrated HIV-envelope-specific proliferative responses. The gene inoculation technique mimics features of vaccination with live attenuated viruses and, therefore, may ultimately prove useful in the rapid development of safe and efficacious vaccines as it provides for production of relevant antigen in vivo without the use of infectious agents.

Glenn J Fennelly - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • mucosal immunization with attenuated shigella flexneri harboring an influenza hemagglutinin DNA vaccine protects mice against a lethal influenza challenge
    Virology, 2004
    Co-Authors: William H Vecino, Adolfo Garciasastre, Luis Martinezsobrido, Natalie M Quanquin, Ana Fernandezsesma, William R Jacobs, Glenn J Fennelly
    Abstract:

    Mucosal surfaces are important for the induction of immunity against influenza virus. In a murine intranasal immunization model, we demonstrated that the attenuated Shigella flexneri Δasd strain 15D, carrying a DNA Construct encoding the influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA), induces protective immunity against a lethal respiratory challenge with influenza A/WSN/33. Influenza virus-specific IFN-γ T cells were detected among splenocytes, and anti-HA IgG was detected in serum post-immunization, albeit at low levels. Following influenza virus challenge, an accelerated anti-HA IgA antibody response was detected in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) washings from mice vaccinated with attenuated shigella containing the HA Construct. These results suggest that S. flexneri Δasd strain 15D is a promising vector for mucosal DNA vaccine immunization against influenza virus and other mucosal pathogens.