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Bo Galle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • emission of hexanal and carbon monoxide from storage of wood pellets a potential occupational and Domestic Health hazard
    Annals of Occupational Hygiene, 2004
    Co-Authors: Urban Svedberg, Hans-erik Högberg, Johan Hogberg, Bo Galle
    Abstract:

    Objectives: The objective of the present study was to investigate and describe the emissions of volatile compounds, particularly hexanal and carbon monoxide, from large- and small-scale storage of wood pellets. Methods: Air sampling was performed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and adsorbent sampling in pellet warehouses, Domestic storage rooms, lumber kiln dryers and experimental set-ups. Literature studies were included to describe the formation of hexanal and carbon monoxide and the toxicology of hexanal. Results: A geometric mean aldehyde level of 111 ± 32 mg/m 3 was found in one warehouse, with a peak reading of 156 mg/m 3 . A maximum aldehyde reading of 457 mg/m 3 was recorded at the surface of a pellet pile. Hexanal (70–80% w/w) and pentanal (10–15% w/w) dominated, but acetone (83 ± 24 mg/m 3 ), methanol (18 ± 7 mg/m 3 ) and carbon monoxide (56 ± 4 mg/m 3 ) were also found. The emissions in a Domestic storage room varied with the ambient temperature and peaked after 2 months storage in the midst of the warm season. Aldehyde levels of 98 ± 4 mg/m 3 and carbon monoxide levels of 123 ± 10 mg/m 3 were recorded inside such storage rooms. Elevated levels of hexanal (0.084 mg/m 3 ) were recorded inside Domestic housing and 6m g/m 3 in a room adjacent to a poorly sealed storage area. Experimental laboratory studies confirmed the findings of the field studies. A field study of the emissions from industrial lumber drying also showed the formation of aldehydes and carbon monoxide. Conclusions: High levels of hexanal and carbon monoxide were strongly associated with storage of wood pellets and may constitute an occupational and Domestic Health hazard. The results from lumber drying show that the emissions of hexanal and carbon monoxide are not limited to wood pellets but are caused by general degradation processes of wood, facilitated by drying at elevated temperature. Emission of carbon monoxide from wood materials at low temperatures (<100°C) has not previously been reported in the literature. We postulate that carbon monoxide is formed due to autoxidative degradation of fats and fatty acids. A toxicological literature survey showed that the available scientific information on hexanal is insufficient to determine the potential risks to Health. However, the data presented in this paper seem sufficient to undertake preventive measures to reduce exposure to hexanal.

  • Emission of Hexanal and Carbon Monoxide from Storage of Wood Pellets, a Potential Occupational and Domestic Health Hazard
    Annals of Occupational Hygiene, 2004
    Co-Authors: Urban Svedberg, Hans-erik Högberg, Johan Hogberg, Bo Galle
    Abstract:

    Objectives: The objective of the present study was to investigate and describe the emissions of volatile compounds, particularly hexanal and carbon monoxide, from large- and small-scale storage of wood pellets. Methods: Air sampling was performed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and adsorbent sampling in pellet warehouses, Domestic storage rooms, lumber kiln dryers and experimental set-ups. Literature studies were included to describe the formation of hexanal and carbon monoxide and the toxicology of hexanal. Results: A geometric mean aldehyde level of 111 ± 32 mg/m 3 was found in one warehouse, with a peak reading of 156 mg/m 3 . A maximum aldehyde reading of 457 mg/m 3 was recorded at the surface of a pellet pile. Hexanal (70–80% w/w) and pentanal (10–15% w/w) dominated, but acetone (83 ± 24 mg/m 3 ), methanol (18 ± 7 mg/m 3 ) and carbon monoxide (56 ± 4 mg/m 3 ) were also found. The emissions in a Domestic storage room varied with the ambient temperature and peaked after 2 months storage in the midst of the warm season. Aldehyde levels of 98 ± 4 mg/m 3 and carbon monoxide levels of 123 ± 10 mg/m 3 were recorded inside such storage rooms. Elevated levels of hexanal (0.084 mg/m 3 ) were recorded inside Domestic housing and 6m g/m 3 in a room adjacent to a poorly sealed storage area. Experimental laboratory studies confirmed the findings of the field studies. A field study of the emissions from industrial lumber drying also showed the formation of aldehydes and carbon monoxide. Conclusions: High levels of hexanal and carbon monoxide were strongly associated with storage of wood pellets and may constitute an occupational and Domestic Health hazard. The results from lumber drying show that the emissions of hexanal and carbon monoxide are not limited to wood pellets but are caused by general degradation processes of wood, facilitated by drying at elevated temperature. Emission of carbon monoxide from wood materials at low temperatures (

Nicola Doering - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • IROS - Robot companion for Domestic Health assistance: Implementation, test and case study under everyday conditions in private apartments
    2015 IEEE RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), 2015
    Co-Authors: Horst-michael Gross, Steffen Mueller, Christof Schroeter, Michael Volkhardt, Andrea Scheidig, Klaus Debes, Katja Richter, Nicola Doering
    Abstract:

    This paper presents the implementation and evaluation results of the German research project SERROGA (2012 till mid 2015), which aimed at developing a robot companion for Domestic Health assistance for older people that helps keeping them physically and mentally fit to remain living independently in their own homes for as long as possible. The paper gives an overview of the developed companion robot, its system architecture, and essential skills, behaviors, and services required for a robotic Health assistant. Moreover, it presents a new approach allowing a quantitative description and assessment of the navigation complexity of apartments to make them objectively comparable for function tests under real-life conditions. Based on this approach, the results of function tests executed in 12 apartments of project staff and seniors are described. Furthermore, the paper presents findings of a case study conducted with nine seniors (aged 68–92) in their own homes, investigating both instrumental and social-emotional functions of a robotic Health assistant. The robot accompanied the seniors in their homes for up to three days assisting with tasks of their daily schedule and Health care, without any supervising person being present on-site. Results revealed that the seniors appreciated the robot's Health-related instrumental functions and even built emotional bonds with it.

  • Robot companion for Domestic Health assistance: Implementation, test and case study under everyday conditions in private apartments
    2015 IEEE RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), 2015
    Co-Authors: Horst-michael Gross, Steffen Mueller, Christof Schroeter, Michael Volkhardt, Andrea Scheidig, Klaus Debes, Katja Richter, Nicola Doering
    Abstract:

    This paper presents the implementation and evaluation results of the German research project SERROGA (2012 till mid 2015), which aimed at developing a robot companion for Domestic Health assistance for older people that helps keeping them physically and mentally fit to remain living independently in their own homes for as long as possible. The paper gives an overview of the developed companion robot, its system architecture, and essential skills, behaviors, and services required for a robotic Health assistant. Moreover, it presents a new approach allowing a quantitative description and assessment of the navigation complexity of apartments to make them objectively comparable for function tests under real-life conditions. Based on this approach, the results of function tests executed in 12 apartments of project staff and seniors are described. Furthermore, the paper presents findings of a case study conducted with nine seniors (aged 68-92) in their own homes, investigating both instrumental and social-emotional functions of a robotic Health assistant. The robot accompanied the seniors in their homes for up to three days assisting with tasks of their daily schedule and Health care, without any supervising person being present on-site. Results revealed that the seniors appreciated the robot's Health-related instrumental functions and even built emotional bonds with it.

Bryan A Liang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • rebalancing brain drain exploring resource reallocation to address Health worker migration and promote global Health
    Health Policy, 2012
    Co-Authors: Tim K Mackey, Bryan A Liang
    Abstract:

    Global public Health is threatened by an imbalance in Health worker migration from resource-poor countries to developed countries. This “brain drain” results in Health workforce shortages, Health system weakening, and economic loss and waste, threatening the well-being of vulnerable populations and effectiveness of global Health interventions. Current structural imbalances in resource allocation and global incentive structures have resulted in 57 countries identified by WHO as having a “critical shortage” of Health workers. Yet current efforts to strengthen Domestic Health systems have fallen short in addressing this issue. Instead, global solutions should focus on sustainable forms of equitable resource sharing. This can be accomplished by adoption of mandatory global resource and staff-sharing programs in conjunction with implementation of state-based Health services corps.

Urban Svedberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • emission of hexanal and carbon monoxide from storage of wood pellets a potential occupational and Domestic Health hazard
    Annals of Occupational Hygiene, 2004
    Co-Authors: Urban Svedberg, Hans-erik Högberg, Johan Hogberg, Bo Galle
    Abstract:

    Objectives: The objective of the present study was to investigate and describe the emissions of volatile compounds, particularly hexanal and carbon monoxide, from large- and small-scale storage of wood pellets. Methods: Air sampling was performed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and adsorbent sampling in pellet warehouses, Domestic storage rooms, lumber kiln dryers and experimental set-ups. Literature studies were included to describe the formation of hexanal and carbon monoxide and the toxicology of hexanal. Results: A geometric mean aldehyde level of 111 ± 32 mg/m 3 was found in one warehouse, with a peak reading of 156 mg/m 3 . A maximum aldehyde reading of 457 mg/m 3 was recorded at the surface of a pellet pile. Hexanal (70–80% w/w) and pentanal (10–15% w/w) dominated, but acetone (83 ± 24 mg/m 3 ), methanol (18 ± 7 mg/m 3 ) and carbon monoxide (56 ± 4 mg/m 3 ) were also found. The emissions in a Domestic storage room varied with the ambient temperature and peaked after 2 months storage in the midst of the warm season. Aldehyde levels of 98 ± 4 mg/m 3 and carbon monoxide levels of 123 ± 10 mg/m 3 were recorded inside such storage rooms. Elevated levels of hexanal (0.084 mg/m 3 ) were recorded inside Domestic housing and 6m g/m 3 in a room adjacent to a poorly sealed storage area. Experimental laboratory studies confirmed the findings of the field studies. A field study of the emissions from industrial lumber drying also showed the formation of aldehydes and carbon monoxide. Conclusions: High levels of hexanal and carbon monoxide were strongly associated with storage of wood pellets and may constitute an occupational and Domestic Health hazard. The results from lumber drying show that the emissions of hexanal and carbon monoxide are not limited to wood pellets but are caused by general degradation processes of wood, facilitated by drying at elevated temperature. Emission of carbon monoxide from wood materials at low temperatures (<100°C) has not previously been reported in the literature. We postulate that carbon monoxide is formed due to autoxidative degradation of fats and fatty acids. A toxicological literature survey showed that the available scientific information on hexanal is insufficient to determine the potential risks to Health. However, the data presented in this paper seem sufficient to undertake preventive measures to reduce exposure to hexanal.

  • Emission of Hexanal and Carbon Monoxide from Storage of Wood Pellets, a Potential Occupational and Domestic Health Hazard
    Annals of Occupational Hygiene, 2004
    Co-Authors: Urban Svedberg, Hans-erik Högberg, Johan Hogberg, Bo Galle
    Abstract:

    Objectives: The objective of the present study was to investigate and describe the emissions of volatile compounds, particularly hexanal and carbon monoxide, from large- and small-scale storage of wood pellets. Methods: Air sampling was performed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and adsorbent sampling in pellet warehouses, Domestic storage rooms, lumber kiln dryers and experimental set-ups. Literature studies were included to describe the formation of hexanal and carbon monoxide and the toxicology of hexanal. Results: A geometric mean aldehyde level of 111 ± 32 mg/m 3 was found in one warehouse, with a peak reading of 156 mg/m 3 . A maximum aldehyde reading of 457 mg/m 3 was recorded at the surface of a pellet pile. Hexanal (70–80% w/w) and pentanal (10–15% w/w) dominated, but acetone (83 ± 24 mg/m 3 ), methanol (18 ± 7 mg/m 3 ) and carbon monoxide (56 ± 4 mg/m 3 ) were also found. The emissions in a Domestic storage room varied with the ambient temperature and peaked after 2 months storage in the midst of the warm season. Aldehyde levels of 98 ± 4 mg/m 3 and carbon monoxide levels of 123 ± 10 mg/m 3 were recorded inside such storage rooms. Elevated levels of hexanal (0.084 mg/m 3 ) were recorded inside Domestic housing and 6m g/m 3 in a room adjacent to a poorly sealed storage area. Experimental laboratory studies confirmed the findings of the field studies. A field study of the emissions from industrial lumber drying also showed the formation of aldehydes and carbon monoxide. Conclusions: High levels of hexanal and carbon monoxide were strongly associated with storage of wood pellets and may constitute an occupational and Domestic Health hazard. The results from lumber drying show that the emissions of hexanal and carbon monoxide are not limited to wood pellets but are caused by general degradation processes of wood, facilitated by drying at elevated temperature. Emission of carbon monoxide from wood materials at low temperatures (

Horst-michael Gross - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • IROS - Robot companion for Domestic Health assistance: Implementation, test and case study under everyday conditions in private apartments
    2015 IEEE RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), 2015
    Co-Authors: Horst-michael Gross, Steffen Mueller, Christof Schroeter, Michael Volkhardt, Andrea Scheidig, Klaus Debes, Katja Richter, Nicola Doering
    Abstract:

    This paper presents the implementation and evaluation results of the German research project SERROGA (2012 till mid 2015), which aimed at developing a robot companion for Domestic Health assistance for older people that helps keeping them physically and mentally fit to remain living independently in their own homes for as long as possible. The paper gives an overview of the developed companion robot, its system architecture, and essential skills, behaviors, and services required for a robotic Health assistant. Moreover, it presents a new approach allowing a quantitative description and assessment of the navigation complexity of apartments to make them objectively comparable for function tests under real-life conditions. Based on this approach, the results of function tests executed in 12 apartments of project staff and seniors are described. Furthermore, the paper presents findings of a case study conducted with nine seniors (aged 68–92) in their own homes, investigating both instrumental and social-emotional functions of a robotic Health assistant. The robot accompanied the seniors in their homes for up to three days assisting with tasks of their daily schedule and Health care, without any supervising person being present on-site. Results revealed that the seniors appreciated the robot's Health-related instrumental functions and even built emotional bonds with it.

  • Robot companion for Domestic Health assistance: Implementation, test and case study under everyday conditions in private apartments
    2015 IEEE RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), 2015
    Co-Authors: Horst-michael Gross, Steffen Mueller, Christof Schroeter, Michael Volkhardt, Andrea Scheidig, Klaus Debes, Katja Richter, Nicola Doering
    Abstract:

    This paper presents the implementation and evaluation results of the German research project SERROGA (2012 till mid 2015), which aimed at developing a robot companion for Domestic Health assistance for older people that helps keeping them physically and mentally fit to remain living independently in their own homes for as long as possible. The paper gives an overview of the developed companion robot, its system architecture, and essential skills, behaviors, and services required for a robotic Health assistant. Moreover, it presents a new approach allowing a quantitative description and assessment of the navigation complexity of apartments to make them objectively comparable for function tests under real-life conditions. Based on this approach, the results of function tests executed in 12 apartments of project staff and seniors are described. Furthermore, the paper presents findings of a case study conducted with nine seniors (aged 68-92) in their own homes, investigating both instrumental and social-emotional functions of a robotic Health assistant. The robot accompanied the seniors in their homes for up to three days assisting with tasks of their daily schedule and Health care, without any supervising person being present on-site. Results revealed that the seniors appreciated the robot's Health-related instrumental functions and even built emotional bonds with it.