The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Bernhard Brümmer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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wheat export restrictions and Domestic Market effects in russia and ukraine during the food crisis
Food Policy, 2013Co-Authors: Linde Gotz, Thomas Glauben, Bernhard BrümmerAbstract:Studies investigating the effects of wheat export controls on the Domestic Market in the exporting country itself are scarce. This paper analyses the Domestic Market impact of wheat export controls in Russia and Ukraine during the 2007/2008 global food crisis within a spatial price transmission approach. Using a Markov-switching vector error-correction model, we contrast our estimation for Russia and Ukraine with Germany and the USA, two countries that did not intervene in their wheat export Markets. An explicit “crisis” regime during times of export controls is exclusively identified for Russia and Ukraine. We find that export restrictions temporarily reduced the degree of integration of Russian and Ukrainian Domestic Markets in world wheat Markets, which pushed the growers prices below their long-run equilibrium level. Further, Domestic Markets were disconnected from their equilibrium and Market instability increased. These effects were even more pronounced and long lasting in Ukraine (export quota) than in Russia (export tax). The negative Market effects discouraged private investors, thereby preventing Russia and Ukraine from maximizing their grain potential and contributing to global food security.
Guillaume Lescuyer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the Domestic Market for small scale chainsaw milling in the democratic republic of congo present situation opportunities and challenges
CIFOR Occasional Paper, 2014Co-Authors: Guillaume Lescuyer, Paolo Omar Cerutti, P Tshimpanga, F Biloko, B Adebuabdala, R Tsanga, R I Yembeyembe, E EssianemendoulaAbstract:Besides the business enterprises in Bandundu province that use small-scale logging permits (PCAs) illegally, there is a national artisanal sector composed of individual chainsaw millers who supply the Domestic Market and certain neighbouring countries. This sector is still essentially informal. Our year-long monitoring of Markets and transiting points for chainsaw timber brought out the substantial development of this activity over the last 15 years. At present more than a million cubic meters of chainsaw timber are produced in DRC every year, of which 85% is to meet the national demand. The production in Roundwood Equivalents of chainsaw timber - estimated at 3.4 million cubic metres per annum - is 13 times higher than the total formal production of wood products in DRC. The Domestic Markets of Kinshasa and eastern DRC generate sales of over 100 millions US dollars per year and yield profits estimated at 25 million dollars. The local populations benefit most from chainsaw milling and receive close to 50 million US dollars per year. As for job creation, the rural and urban artisanal timber production sectors combined offered at least 25 000 direct jobs in the country. Small-scale chainsaw milling focuses on five species - but different ones in different provinces - and on large diameter trees. The small number of species exploited by each chainsaw miller probably does not endanger the forest, although it can contribute to decreasing the economic value of the massif by degrading the forestland and making the scarce noble species even more scarce. Because of its physical and economic scope, the small-scale chainsaw milling sector is essential, if DRC forest resources are to be sustainably managed and legally exploited. There are four lines of action to improve and secure the functioning of this sector: (1) in the short term, improve the implementation of the regulations by first of all changing the behaviour of the actors; (2) propose multifacet support for the small-scale operators working legally; (3) optimise the timber of legal origin on the national Markets; (4) amend the legal and regulatory framework. These four strategic lines of action are broken down into technical and political options.
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the Domestic Market for small scale chainsaw milling in cameroon present situation opportunities and challenges
CIFOR Occasional Paper, 2011Co-Authors: Paolo Omar Cerutti, Guillaume LescuyerAbstract:In 1994 Cameroon adopted a new forest law that focussed on the large-scale, export-oriented industrial forest sector while timber produced through small-scale logging for the Domestic Market was ignored, even in official statistics, and is generally produced without a valid permit. As Cameroon prepares to implement the Voluntary Partnership Agreement (VPA) it recently signed with the European Union, promising a legal framework for all national timber production, this occasional paper presents a quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the country's Domestic timber Market. By adding our estimates for small-scale production of sawn wood sold on the Domestic Market to national statistics, total national production would amount to about 4.3 million cubic metres per year, in other words close to double the official figure for Cameroonian timber production. Our research also found that the Domestic Market is profitable for thousands of Cameroonians. Its informal structure, however, contributes to maintaining a huge, inescapable payment system run by State agents to launder the timber sold on local Markets, informal transactions that are worth about 6 billion F CFA each year. The paper concludes with technical options to improve Market operating conditions. These options may prove ineffective unless they are accompanied by determined efforts to fight the corruption that permeates the industry.
Linde Gotz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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wheat export restrictions and Domestic Market effects in russia and ukraine during the food crisis
Food Policy, 2013Co-Authors: Linde Gotz, Thomas Glauben, Bernhard BrümmerAbstract:Studies investigating the effects of wheat export controls on the Domestic Market in the exporting country itself are scarce. This paper analyses the Domestic Market impact of wheat export controls in Russia and Ukraine during the 2007/2008 global food crisis within a spatial price transmission approach. Using a Markov-switching vector error-correction model, we contrast our estimation for Russia and Ukraine with Germany and the USA, two countries that did not intervene in their wheat export Markets. An explicit “crisis” regime during times of export controls is exclusively identified for Russia and Ukraine. We find that export restrictions temporarily reduced the degree of integration of Russian and Ukrainian Domestic Markets in world wheat Markets, which pushed the growers prices below their long-run equilibrium level. Further, Domestic Markets were disconnected from their equilibrium and Market instability increased. These effects were even more pronounced and long lasting in Ukraine (export quota) than in Russia (export tax). The negative Market effects discouraged private investors, thereby preventing Russia and Ukraine from maximizing their grain potential and contributing to global food security.
Loren Brandt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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tariffs and the organization of trade in china
Journal of International Economics, 2017Co-Authors: Loren Brandt, Peter M MorrowAbstract:Abstract This paper examines the impact of China's falling import tariffs on the organization of its exports between ordinary and processing trade. These trade forms differ in terms of tariff treatment and the ability of firms to sell on the Domestic Market. At the industry level, we find that falling input tariffs cause the share of ordinary trade in gross exports to increase, with both the intensive and extensive margins playing roles. The choice of trade form is tied to a lesser degree to the size of the Domestic Market, which processing firms cannot access. Consistent with the literature, we show that changes in the organization of trade linked to input tariff cuts caused the share of Chinese Domestic content in gross exports to increase at the industry-province level.
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tariffs and the organization of trade in china
2013Co-Authors: Loren Brandt, Peter M MorrowAbstract:This paper examines the impact of China's falling import tariffs on the organization of exports between ordinary and processing trade. These trade forms differ in terms of tariff treatment and the ability of firms to sell on the Domestic Market. At the industry level, we find that falling input tariffs are the source of 90 percent of the average increase in the share of exports occurring through ordinary trade, most of which occurs on the extensive margin through new entry. The choice of trade is also tied to the size of the Domestic Market, which processing firms cannot access. Consistent with the literature, we also document that the Domestic content share of ordinary exports is 30 percentage points higher than for processing. Our back of the envelope calculations imply an increase in demand for local factors of production of 12-21 billion U.S. dollars in 2006 associated with the change in the composition of trade from processing to ordinary exports resulting from tariff cuts between 2000-2006.
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the fight for the middle upgrading competition and industrial development in china
World Development, 2010Co-Authors: Loren Brandt, Eric ThunAbstract:When China acceded to WTO in 2001, there were fears that Chinese firms would lose Market share in key sectors to foreign-invested enterprises (FIEs). Although aggregate data often indicate a shift in favour of FIEs, indigenous firms in many cases have slowly increased Market share and deepened their technical capabilities. Through an analysis of aggregate data and three sectors, we show how the dynamics of competition between Chinese and FIEs in China's Domestic Market enhance the upgrading prospects for Chinese firms. China represents a new model of development in several important respects: industrial upgrading efforts are often Domestically-driven, within this Domestic Market there is intense competition between both Domestic and foreign firms, and this competition is driving and stimulating the upgrading efforts of Domestic firms.
Rustam Magomedov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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non tariff measures and the structure of trade flows
2017Co-Authors: екатерина Ponomareva Ekaterina пономарева, Rustam MagomedovAbstract:Understanding the process of quantitative influence of foreign trade policy measures (tariff and non-tariff) on the development of Russian industry is the basis of decision-making process on using of different measures of industrial policy and the study of their impact on the import/export and product diversity is an important part of the development of a balanced industrial and trade policy. The main purpose of this work is to test the hypothesis about the negative impact of tariff and non-tariff measures for protection Domestic Market on import/export on HS-6(8) data, fnd testing the hypotheses about the different influence of trade policy measures (tariff and non-tariff) for protection the Domestic Market on product diversity of final and intermediate goods, evaluation of ad valorem equivalents of non-tariff measures on certain commodity groups at the level of HS – 6(8), quantify the impact of tariff and non-tariff barriers on the structure of trade flows and, in particular, on the export structure.
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non tariff measures and the structure of trade flows нетарифные меры и структура торговых потоков
2017Co-Authors: Ekaterina Ponomareva, Rustam MagomedovAbstract:Understanding the process of quantitative influence of foreign trade policy measures (tariff and non-tariff) on the development of Russian industry is the basis of decision-making process on using of different measures of industrial policy and the study of their impact on the import/export and product diversity is an important part of the development of a balanced industrial and trade policy. The main purpose of this work is to test the hypothesis about the negative impact of tariff and non-tariff measures for protection Domestic Market on import/export on HS-6(8) data, fnd testing the hypotheses about the different influence of trade policy measures (tariff and non-tariff) for protection the Domestic Market on product diversity of final and intermediate goods, evaluation of ad valorem equivalents of non-tariff measures on certain commodity groups at the level of HS – 6(8), quantify the impact of tariff and non-tariff barriers on the structure of trade flows and, in particular, on the export structure.