The Experts below are selected from a list of 124833 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Paul I. Dargan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
psychosis associated with acute recreational Drug Toxicity a european case series
BMC Psychiatry, 2016Co-Authors: Odd Martin Vallersnes, David M. Wood, Paul I. Dargan, Fridtjof Heyerdahl, Knut Erik Hovda, Alison M Dines, Christopher Yates, Isabelle GiraudonAbstract:Psychosis can be associated with acute recreational Drug and novel psychoactive substance (NPS) Toxicity. However, there is limited data available on how common this is and which Drugs are most frequently implicated. We describe a European case series of psychosis associated with acute recreational Drug Toxicity, and estimate the frequency of psychosis for different recreational Drugs. The European Drug Emergencies Network (Euro-DEN) collects data on presentations to Emergency Departments (EDs) with acute recreational Drug and NPS Toxicity at 16 centres in ten countries. Euro-DEN data from October 2013 through September 2014 was retrospectively searched, and cases with psychosis were included. The proportion of cases with psychosis per Drug was calculated in the searched Euro-DEN dataset. Psychosis was present in 348 (6.3%) of 5529 cases. The median (interquartile range) age was 29 (24-38) years, 276 (79.3%) were male and 114 (32.8%) were admitted to psychiatric ward. The Drugs most commonly reported were cannabis in 90 (25.9%) cases, amphetamine in 87 (25.0%) and cocaine in 56 (16.1%). More than one Drug was taken in 189 (54.3%) cases. Psychosis was frequent in those ED presentations involving tryptamines (4/7; 57.1%), methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) (6/22; 27.3%), methylphenidate (6/26; 23.1%), lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) (18/86; 20.9%), psilocybe mushrooms (3/16; 18.8%), synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (4/26; 15.4%) and amphetamine (87/593; 14.7%), but less common in those involving mephedrone (14/245; 5.7%), methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) (20/461; 4.3%) and methedrone (3/92; 3.3%). Amphetamine was the most frequent Drug associated with psychosis when only one agent was reported, with psychosis occurring in 32.4% of these presentations. The frequency of psychosis in acute recreational Drug Toxicity varies considerably between Drugs, but is a major problem in amphetamine poisoning. In rapidly changing Drug markets and patterns of use, the Euro-DEN sentinel network contributes to measuring the scale of Drug-related harms in Europe beyond other more established indicators.
-
current european data collection on emergency department presentations with acute recreational Drug Toxicity gaps and national variations
Clinical Toxicology, 2014Co-Authors: Fridtjof Heyerdahl, David M. Wood, Knut Erik Hovda, Alison M Dines, Christopher Yates, Isabelle Giraudon, Roumen Sedefov, Paul I. DarganAbstract:AbstractBackground. The number of new (novel) psychoactive substances (NPS) available in the illegal market is increasing; however, current monitoring of the Drug situation in Europe focuses mainly on classical Drugs of abuse, with limited emphasis on clinical presentation in the emergency department (ED). The European Drug Emergencies Network (Euro-DEN) is a European Commission-funded project that aims to improve the knowledge of acute Drug Toxicity of both classical recreational Drugs and NPS. As a baseline for this project, we performed a study to establish which data are currently being collected and reported in Europe on ED presentations with acute Toxicity related to NPS and classical Drugs of abuse. Methods. We used a three-pronged approach to identify any systematic collection of data on NPS Toxicity in Europe by i) performing a literature search, ii) utilising an online survey of the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction Re seau Europe en d’Information sur les Drogues et les Tox...
-
From the internet to the hospital: current experiences of individuals presenting to the Emergency Department with acute recreational Drug Toxicity
Journal of Substance Use, 2014Co-Authors: Hwee Min D. Lee, Paul I. Dargan, Kathleen S Bonnici, John R. H. Archer, David M. WoodAbstract:AbstractBackground: Acute recreational Drug Toxicity is a common cause of emergency department (ED) presentations. There is limited published information on the perception, knowledge and experiences of these patients with regards to seeking medical care.Methods: Thirty-one participants with acute recreational Drug Toxicity completed a two-page questionnaire survey to gather information on previous health services used in relation to Drug use, knowledge of sources of information on Drugs, how their admission may influence their future use of Drugs and their experience with their current hospital stay.Results: This was the first presentation to hospital with acute recreational Drug Toxicity in 20 (62.5% of respondents) participants. For 19 (59.4%), this admission would lead to stopping or reducing the use of recreational Drugs/noel psychoactive substances (NPS). Seventeen (53.1%) of them utilised the Internet as a source of information on recreational Drugs. Mean satisfaction score in relation to current at...
-
Clinical survey assessing the appropriate management of individuals with acute recreational Drug Toxicity at a large outdoor festival event
Journal of Substance Use, 2011Co-Authors: John R. H. Archer, Paul I. Dargan, Peter O. Beaumont, Dan May, David M. WoodAbstract:Background: The published ambulance referral criteria (ARC) for assessing individuals with acute recreational Drug Toxicity in the prehospital setting consist of nine domains. The ARC recommend that an ambulance is called to transfer those with a score ≥1 to hospital.Methods: Individuals presenting to a physician-led medical facility with acute Drug and/or ethanol Toxicity during an outdoor festival were assessed to determine whether the ARC recommended hospital transfer. Final disposition following management in the facility was compared with ARC assessment to determine if physician-led management reduced the need for hospital transfer.Results: A total of 28 patients were presented during the study period; 16 (57.1%) had an initial ARC ≥1 (range 1–5). Twelve (75%) of these were discharged after management in the facility. Four were transferred to hospital: two for severe acute recreational Drug Toxicity and two due to closure of the facility at the end of the event.Conclusions: Physicians present at this...
-
Survey of ICD-10 coding of hospital admissions in the UK due to recreational Drug Toxicity
QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians, 2011Co-Authors: Anoop D. Shah, David M. Wood, Paul I. DarganAbstract:Background: Hospital admissions for acute recreational Drug Toxicity are coded using the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) coding system. It is unclear how these admissions are coded, as often there are no specific ICD-10 codes for the Drug(s) involved. This study was undertaken to determine how acute recreational Drug Toxicity admissions are routinely coded. Design: Questionnaire survey. Methods: Questionnaires were sent to clinical coding departments in all England and Wales acute National Health Service Trusts, comprising of 12 hypothetical discharge summaries (4 acute recreational Drug Toxicity for which there are no appropriate ICD-10 codes, 5 other toxicological presentations with appropriate ICD-10 codes available and 3 control medical admissions), and they were asked to code these discharge summaries. Results: Seventy responses were received. Discharge summaries relating to acute recreational Drug Toxicity without appropriate ICD-10 codes, had a wider range of diagnostic codes used (7–19 primary codes per summary) compared to control/alcohol discharge summaries (1–4 per summary). Additionally, often the codes did not refer to recreational Drugs in those summaries relating to acute recreational Drug Toxicity. Conclusions: Hospital admissions due to recreational Drugs without specific ICD-10 codes are assigned a wide variety of primary codes and/or the use of recreational Drugs may not be coded. Further work is needed to look at methods of capturing presentations to hospital with acute recreational Drug Toxicity, either by updating the ICD codes or using a more time-responsive data capture system in sentinel hospitals in the UK to monitor trends in acute recreational Drug Toxicity.
Knut Erik Hovda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Gender differences in acute recreational Drug Toxicity: a case series from Oslo, Norway.
BMC emergency medicine, 2019Co-Authors: Victoria Lykke Syse, Per Sverre Persett, Fridtjof Heyerdahl, Knut Erik Hovda, Mette Brekke, Marit Mæhle Grimsrud, Odd Martin VallersnesAbstract:Female Drug users report poorer physical and mental health than male Drug users. We describe female and male patients treated for acute recreational Drug Toxicity, and look for gender differences in clinical state, treatment, and toxic agents taken. Retrospective case series from a primary care emergency outpatient clinic and a hospital emergency department in Oslo, Norway. All patients treated for acute recreational Drug Toxicity from October 2013 through March 2015 were included, except patients with lone alcohol intoxication. Patients were grouped according to whether they had taken opioids or not, as a proxy differentiation between heavy Drug users and party Drug users. Data from the two clinical settings were analysed separately. In total, 2495 cases were included, 567 (22.7%) were women. Female patients were younger than males, median 31 vs 34 years (p
-
Underestimated impact of novel psychoactive substances: laboratory confirmation of recreational Drug Toxicity in Oslo, Norway.
Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia Pa.), 2017Co-Authors: Odd Martin Vallersnes, Per Sverre Persett, Elisabeth Leere Øiestad, Ritva Karinen, Fridtjof Heyerdahl, Knut Erik HovdaAbstract:AbstractContext: Recreational Drug Toxicity is frequent. Availability of new psychoactive substances is steadily increasing. However, data with verified analyses from clinical settings are limited. To evaluate the impact of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) on recreational Drug Toxicity in Oslo, Norway, we analysed samples from a selection of patients.Methods: All the patients presenting with recreational Drug Toxicity at the Oslo Accident and Emergency Outpatient Clinic (OAEOC) and at the Oslo University Hospital (OUH) were registered from April through September 2014. Oral fluid samples were collected at the OAEOC. Blood samples were collected at the OUH. The samples were screened using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS).Results: Nine hundred and sixty-four cases were included, 841 (87.2%) at the OAEOC and 123 (12.8%) at the OUH. A total of 55 oral fluid samples (OAEOC) and 103 blood samples (OUH) could be analysed. NPS were not clinically suspected i...
-
psychosis associated with acute recreational Drug Toxicity a european case series
BMC Psychiatry, 2016Co-Authors: Odd Martin Vallersnes, David M. Wood, Paul I. Dargan, Fridtjof Heyerdahl, Knut Erik Hovda, Alison M Dines, Christopher Yates, Isabelle GiraudonAbstract:Psychosis can be associated with acute recreational Drug and novel psychoactive substance (NPS) Toxicity. However, there is limited data available on how common this is and which Drugs are most frequently implicated. We describe a European case series of psychosis associated with acute recreational Drug Toxicity, and estimate the frequency of psychosis for different recreational Drugs. The European Drug Emergencies Network (Euro-DEN) collects data on presentations to Emergency Departments (EDs) with acute recreational Drug and NPS Toxicity at 16 centres in ten countries. Euro-DEN data from October 2013 through September 2014 was retrospectively searched, and cases with psychosis were included. The proportion of cases with psychosis per Drug was calculated in the searched Euro-DEN dataset. Psychosis was present in 348 (6.3%) of 5529 cases. The median (interquartile range) age was 29 (24-38) years, 276 (79.3%) were male and 114 (32.8%) were admitted to psychiatric ward. The Drugs most commonly reported were cannabis in 90 (25.9%) cases, amphetamine in 87 (25.0%) and cocaine in 56 (16.1%). More than one Drug was taken in 189 (54.3%) cases. Psychosis was frequent in those ED presentations involving tryptamines (4/7; 57.1%), methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) (6/22; 27.3%), methylphenidate (6/26; 23.1%), lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) (18/86; 20.9%), psilocybe mushrooms (3/16; 18.8%), synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (4/26; 15.4%) and amphetamine (87/593; 14.7%), but less common in those involving mephedrone (14/245; 5.7%), methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) (20/461; 4.3%) and methedrone (3/92; 3.3%). Amphetamine was the most frequent Drug associated with psychosis when only one agent was reported, with psychosis occurring in 32.4% of these presentations. The frequency of psychosis in acute recreational Drug Toxicity varies considerably between Drugs, but is a major problem in amphetamine poisoning. In rapidly changing Drug markets and patterns of use, the Euro-DEN sentinel network contributes to measuring the scale of Drug-related harms in Europe beyond other more established indicators.
-
current european data collection on emergency department presentations with acute recreational Drug Toxicity gaps and national variations
Clinical Toxicology, 2014Co-Authors: Fridtjof Heyerdahl, David M. Wood, Knut Erik Hovda, Alison M Dines, Christopher Yates, Isabelle Giraudon, Roumen Sedefov, Paul I. DarganAbstract:AbstractBackground. The number of new (novel) psychoactive substances (NPS) available in the illegal market is increasing; however, current monitoring of the Drug situation in Europe focuses mainly on classical Drugs of abuse, with limited emphasis on clinical presentation in the emergency department (ED). The European Drug Emergencies Network (Euro-DEN) is a European Commission-funded project that aims to improve the knowledge of acute Drug Toxicity of both classical recreational Drugs and NPS. As a baseline for this project, we performed a study to establish which data are currently being collected and reported in Europe on ED presentations with acute Toxicity related to NPS and classical Drugs of abuse. Methods. We used a three-pronged approach to identify any systematic collection of data on NPS Toxicity in Europe by i) performing a literature search, ii) utilising an online survey of the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction Re seau Europe en d’Information sur les Drogues et les Tox...
Y Yamazoe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Sex-specific cytochrome P450 as a cause of sex- and species-related differences in Drug Toxicity.
Toxicology Letters, 1992Co-Authors: R Kato, Y YamazoeAbstract:Abstract Male rats are the most frequently used experimental animals in Drug Toxicity tests. However, there are clear sex-related differences in Toxicity of various Drugs and chemicals in rats. These differences, in most cases, are closely connected with the sex-related differences in hepatic Drug metabolisms. Recent studies indicate the existence of sex-specific cytochrome P450, such as P450-male (2C11) and P450-female (2C12) and P4506β (3A2) in rat livers, and also show that their expression levels are markedly different between male and female rats. The expressions of sex-specific P450s are regulated by growth hormone, thyroid hormone, sex hormones and other chemicals. On the other hand, there are no or few cytochrome P450s that show the sex-related differences in species other than rats and mice. Although there are orthologous cytochrome P450s in viewpoints of amino acid sequence and substrate specificity in experimental animal species and humans, their expressions are not regulated by hormonal factors in most of the species. These differences may cause clear species differences, if male animals are used, in the Toxicity caused by various Drugs and chemicals. Thus we can predict the sex-related difference in Drug Toxicity on the basis of difference in the expression levels of sex-specific cytochrome P450s.
-
Sex-specific cytochrome P450 as a cause of sex- and species-related differences in Drug Toxicity.
Toxicology letters, 1992Co-Authors: R Kato, Y YamazoeAbstract:Male rats are the most frequently used experimental animals in Drug Toxicity tests. However, there are clear sex-related differences in Toxicity of various Drugs and chemicals in rats. These differences, in most cases, are closely connected with the sex-related differences in hepatic Drug metabolisms. Recent studies indicate the existence of sex-specific cytochrome P450, such as P450-male (2C11) and P450-female (2C12) and P450(6) beta (3A2) in rat livers, and also show that their expression levels are markedly different between male and female rats. The expressions of sex-specific P450s are regulated by growth hormone, thyroid hormone, sex hormones and other chemicals. On the other hand, there are no or few cytochrome P450s that show the sex-related differences in species other than rats and mice. Although there are orthologous cytochrome P450s in viewpoints of amino acid sequence and substrate specificity in experimental animal species and humans, their expressions are not regulated by hormonal factors in most of the species. These differences may cause clear species differences, if male animals are used, in the Toxicity caused by various Drugs and chemicals. Thus we can predict the sex-related difference in Drug Toxicity on the basis of difference in the expression levels of sex-specific cytochrome P450s.
Odd Martin Vallersnes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Gender differences in acute recreational Drug Toxicity: a case series from Oslo, Norway.
BMC emergency medicine, 2019Co-Authors: Victoria Lykke Syse, Per Sverre Persett, Fridtjof Heyerdahl, Knut Erik Hovda, Mette Brekke, Marit Mæhle Grimsrud, Odd Martin VallersnesAbstract:Female Drug users report poorer physical and mental health than male Drug users. We describe female and male patients treated for acute recreational Drug Toxicity, and look for gender differences in clinical state, treatment, and toxic agents taken. Retrospective case series from a primary care emergency outpatient clinic and a hospital emergency department in Oslo, Norway. All patients treated for acute recreational Drug Toxicity from October 2013 through March 2015 were included, except patients with lone alcohol intoxication. Patients were grouped according to whether they had taken opioids or not, as a proxy differentiation between heavy Drug users and party Drug users. Data from the two clinical settings were analysed separately. In total, 2495 cases were included, 567 (22.7%) were women. Female patients were younger than males, median 31 vs 34 years (p
-
Underestimated impact of novel psychoactive substances: laboratory confirmation of recreational Drug Toxicity in Oslo, Norway.
Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia Pa.), 2017Co-Authors: Odd Martin Vallersnes, Per Sverre Persett, Elisabeth Leere Øiestad, Ritva Karinen, Fridtjof Heyerdahl, Knut Erik HovdaAbstract:AbstractContext: Recreational Drug Toxicity is frequent. Availability of new psychoactive substances is steadily increasing. However, data with verified analyses from clinical settings are limited. To evaluate the impact of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) on recreational Drug Toxicity in Oslo, Norway, we analysed samples from a selection of patients.Methods: All the patients presenting with recreational Drug Toxicity at the Oslo Accident and Emergency Outpatient Clinic (OAEOC) and at the Oslo University Hospital (OUH) were registered from April through September 2014. Oral fluid samples were collected at the OAEOC. Blood samples were collected at the OUH. The samples were screened using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS).Results: Nine hundred and sixty-four cases were included, 841 (87.2%) at the OAEOC and 123 (12.8%) at the OUH. A total of 55 oral fluid samples (OAEOC) and 103 blood samples (OUH) could be analysed. NPS were not clinically suspected i...
-
psychosis associated with acute recreational Drug Toxicity a european case series
BMC Psychiatry, 2016Co-Authors: Odd Martin Vallersnes, David M. Wood, Paul I. Dargan, Fridtjof Heyerdahl, Knut Erik Hovda, Alison M Dines, Christopher Yates, Isabelle GiraudonAbstract:Psychosis can be associated with acute recreational Drug and novel psychoactive substance (NPS) Toxicity. However, there is limited data available on how common this is and which Drugs are most frequently implicated. We describe a European case series of psychosis associated with acute recreational Drug Toxicity, and estimate the frequency of psychosis for different recreational Drugs. The European Drug Emergencies Network (Euro-DEN) collects data on presentations to Emergency Departments (EDs) with acute recreational Drug and NPS Toxicity at 16 centres in ten countries. Euro-DEN data from October 2013 through September 2014 was retrospectively searched, and cases with psychosis were included. The proportion of cases with psychosis per Drug was calculated in the searched Euro-DEN dataset. Psychosis was present in 348 (6.3%) of 5529 cases. The median (interquartile range) age was 29 (24-38) years, 276 (79.3%) were male and 114 (32.8%) were admitted to psychiatric ward. The Drugs most commonly reported were cannabis in 90 (25.9%) cases, amphetamine in 87 (25.0%) and cocaine in 56 (16.1%). More than one Drug was taken in 189 (54.3%) cases. Psychosis was frequent in those ED presentations involving tryptamines (4/7; 57.1%), methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) (6/22; 27.3%), methylphenidate (6/26; 23.1%), lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) (18/86; 20.9%), psilocybe mushrooms (3/16; 18.8%), synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (4/26; 15.4%) and amphetamine (87/593; 14.7%), but less common in those involving mephedrone (14/245; 5.7%), methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) (20/461; 4.3%) and methedrone (3/92; 3.3%). Amphetamine was the most frequent Drug associated with psychosis when only one agent was reported, with psychosis occurring in 32.4% of these presentations. The frequency of psychosis in acute recreational Drug Toxicity varies considerably between Drugs, but is a major problem in amphetamine poisoning. In rapidly changing Drug markets and patterns of use, the Euro-DEN sentinel network contributes to measuring the scale of Drug-related harms in Europe beyond other more established indicators.
Fridtjof Heyerdahl - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Gender differences in acute recreational Drug Toxicity: a case series from Oslo, Norway.
BMC emergency medicine, 2019Co-Authors: Victoria Lykke Syse, Per Sverre Persett, Fridtjof Heyerdahl, Knut Erik Hovda, Mette Brekke, Marit Mæhle Grimsrud, Odd Martin VallersnesAbstract:Female Drug users report poorer physical and mental health than male Drug users. We describe female and male patients treated for acute recreational Drug Toxicity, and look for gender differences in clinical state, treatment, and toxic agents taken. Retrospective case series from a primary care emergency outpatient clinic and a hospital emergency department in Oslo, Norway. All patients treated for acute recreational Drug Toxicity from October 2013 through March 2015 were included, except patients with lone alcohol intoxication. Patients were grouped according to whether they had taken opioids or not, as a proxy differentiation between heavy Drug users and party Drug users. Data from the two clinical settings were analysed separately. In total, 2495 cases were included, 567 (22.7%) were women. Female patients were younger than males, median 31 vs 34 years (p
-
Underestimated impact of novel psychoactive substances: laboratory confirmation of recreational Drug Toxicity in Oslo, Norway.
Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia Pa.), 2017Co-Authors: Odd Martin Vallersnes, Per Sverre Persett, Elisabeth Leere Øiestad, Ritva Karinen, Fridtjof Heyerdahl, Knut Erik HovdaAbstract:AbstractContext: Recreational Drug Toxicity is frequent. Availability of new psychoactive substances is steadily increasing. However, data with verified analyses from clinical settings are limited. To evaluate the impact of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) on recreational Drug Toxicity in Oslo, Norway, we analysed samples from a selection of patients.Methods: All the patients presenting with recreational Drug Toxicity at the Oslo Accident and Emergency Outpatient Clinic (OAEOC) and at the Oslo University Hospital (OUH) were registered from April through September 2014. Oral fluid samples were collected at the OAEOC. Blood samples were collected at the OUH. The samples were screened using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS).Results: Nine hundred and sixty-four cases were included, 841 (87.2%) at the OAEOC and 123 (12.8%) at the OUH. A total of 55 oral fluid samples (OAEOC) and 103 blood samples (OUH) could be analysed. NPS were not clinically suspected i...
-
psychosis associated with acute recreational Drug Toxicity a european case series
BMC Psychiatry, 2016Co-Authors: Odd Martin Vallersnes, David M. Wood, Paul I. Dargan, Fridtjof Heyerdahl, Knut Erik Hovda, Alison M Dines, Christopher Yates, Isabelle GiraudonAbstract:Psychosis can be associated with acute recreational Drug and novel psychoactive substance (NPS) Toxicity. However, there is limited data available on how common this is and which Drugs are most frequently implicated. We describe a European case series of psychosis associated with acute recreational Drug Toxicity, and estimate the frequency of psychosis for different recreational Drugs. The European Drug Emergencies Network (Euro-DEN) collects data on presentations to Emergency Departments (EDs) with acute recreational Drug and NPS Toxicity at 16 centres in ten countries. Euro-DEN data from October 2013 through September 2014 was retrospectively searched, and cases with psychosis were included. The proportion of cases with psychosis per Drug was calculated in the searched Euro-DEN dataset. Psychosis was present in 348 (6.3%) of 5529 cases. The median (interquartile range) age was 29 (24-38) years, 276 (79.3%) were male and 114 (32.8%) were admitted to psychiatric ward. The Drugs most commonly reported were cannabis in 90 (25.9%) cases, amphetamine in 87 (25.0%) and cocaine in 56 (16.1%). More than one Drug was taken in 189 (54.3%) cases. Psychosis was frequent in those ED presentations involving tryptamines (4/7; 57.1%), methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) (6/22; 27.3%), methylphenidate (6/26; 23.1%), lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) (18/86; 20.9%), psilocybe mushrooms (3/16; 18.8%), synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (4/26; 15.4%) and amphetamine (87/593; 14.7%), but less common in those involving mephedrone (14/245; 5.7%), methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) (20/461; 4.3%) and methedrone (3/92; 3.3%). Amphetamine was the most frequent Drug associated with psychosis when only one agent was reported, with psychosis occurring in 32.4% of these presentations. The frequency of psychosis in acute recreational Drug Toxicity varies considerably between Drugs, but is a major problem in amphetamine poisoning. In rapidly changing Drug markets and patterns of use, the Euro-DEN sentinel network contributes to measuring the scale of Drug-related harms in Europe beyond other more established indicators.
-
current european data collection on emergency department presentations with acute recreational Drug Toxicity gaps and national variations
Clinical Toxicology, 2014Co-Authors: Fridtjof Heyerdahl, David M. Wood, Knut Erik Hovda, Alison M Dines, Christopher Yates, Isabelle Giraudon, Roumen Sedefov, Paul I. DarganAbstract:AbstractBackground. The number of new (novel) psychoactive substances (NPS) available in the illegal market is increasing; however, current monitoring of the Drug situation in Europe focuses mainly on classical Drugs of abuse, with limited emphasis on clinical presentation in the emergency department (ED). The European Drug Emergencies Network (Euro-DEN) is a European Commission-funded project that aims to improve the knowledge of acute Drug Toxicity of both classical recreational Drugs and NPS. As a baseline for this project, we performed a study to establish which data are currently being collected and reported in Europe on ED presentations with acute Toxicity related to NPS and classical Drugs of abuse. Methods. We used a three-pronged approach to identify any systematic collection of data on NPS Toxicity in Europe by i) performing a literature search, ii) utilising an online survey of the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction Re seau Europe en d’Information sur les Drogues et les Tox...
