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Claas Lahmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dsm 5 somatic symptom disorder in patients with vertigo and dizziness symptoms
Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 2016Co-Authors: Katharina Radziej, Karina Limburg, Heribert Sattel, Claas LahmannAbstract:Abstract Objective DSM-5 somatic symptom disorder (SSD) could potentially be a highly relevant diagnosis for patients with vertigo and dizziness. The criteria of SSD, particularly the B-criterion with its three components (cognitive, affective, behavioral), have however not yet been investigated in this patient group. Methods We evaluated a large sample ( n = 399) of outpatients presenting in a neurological setting. Physical examinations and a psychometric assessment (SCID-I) were conducted; patients completed self-report questionnaires. The diagnosis of SSD was assigned retrospectively. The prevalence of SSD, its diagnostic criteria, and its overlap with former DSM-IV somatoform disorders were evaluated; comparisons were drawn between (1) patients fulfilling different components of the B-criterion and (2) patients with diagnoses after DSM-IV vs. DSM-5 . Results SSD was almost twice as common as DSM-IV somatoform disorders. Patients with all three components of the B-criterion reported the highest impairment levels. Patients with both DSM-IV somatoform disorders and DSM-5 SSD were more impaired compared to groups with one of the diagnoses; patients with DSM-IV somatoform disorders only were more impaired than those with SSD only. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that SSD is highly prevalent in patients with vertigo and dizziness. The classification of severity based on the number of psychological symptoms appears valid and may assist in finding suitable treatment options according to clinical practice guidelines. Future studies should investigate the overlap of SSD and other psychiatric disorders, this may assist in better defining the diagnostic criteria of SSD.
Karina Limburg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dsm 5 somatic symptom disorder in patients with vertigo and dizziness symptoms
Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 2016Co-Authors: Katharina Radziej, Karina Limburg, Heribert Sattel, Claas LahmannAbstract:Abstract Objective DSM-5 somatic symptom disorder (SSD) could potentially be a highly relevant diagnosis for patients with vertigo and dizziness. The criteria of SSD, particularly the B-criterion with its three components (cognitive, affective, behavioral), have however not yet been investigated in this patient group. Methods We evaluated a large sample ( n = 399) of outpatients presenting in a neurological setting. Physical examinations and a psychometric assessment (SCID-I) were conducted; patients completed self-report questionnaires. The diagnosis of SSD was assigned retrospectively. The prevalence of SSD, its diagnostic criteria, and its overlap with former DSM-IV somatoform disorders were evaluated; comparisons were drawn between (1) patients fulfilling different components of the B-criterion and (2) patients with diagnoses after DSM-IV vs. DSM-5 . Results SSD was almost twice as common as DSM-IV somatoform disorders. Patients with all three components of the B-criterion reported the highest impairment levels. Patients with both DSM-IV somatoform disorders and DSM-5 SSD were more impaired compared to groups with one of the diagnoses; patients with DSM-IV somatoform disorders only were more impaired than those with SSD only. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that SSD is highly prevalent in patients with vertigo and dizziness. The classification of severity based on the number of psychological symptoms appears valid and may assist in finding suitable treatment options according to clinical practice guidelines. Future studies should investigate the overlap of SSD and other psychiatric disorders, this may assist in better defining the diagnostic criteria of SSD.
Bridget F Grant - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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crosswalk between dsm iv dependence and dsm 5 substance use disorders for opioids cannabis cocaine and alcohol
Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2013Co-Authors: Wilson M Compton, Deborah A Dawson, Rise B Goldstein, Bridget F GrantAbstract:Abstract Background Ascertaining agreement between DSM-IV and DSM-5 is important to determine the applicability of treatments for DSM-IV conditions to persons diagnosed according to the proposed DSM-5. Methods Data from a nationally representative sample of US adults were used to compare concordance of past-year DSM-IV opioid, cannabis, cocaine and alcohol dependence with past-year DSM-5 disorders at thresholds of 3+, 4+, 5+ and 6+ positive DSM-5 criteria among past-year users of opioids ( n = 264), cannabis ( n = 1622), cocaine ( n = 271) and alcohol ( n = 23,013). Substance-specific 2 × 2 tables yielded overall concordance (kappa), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV). Results For DSM-IV alcohol, cocaine and opioid dependence, optimal concordance occurred when 4+ DSM-5 criteria were endorsed, corresponding to the threshold for moderate DSM-5 alcohol, cocaine and opioid use disorders. Maximal concordance of DSM-IV cannabis dependence and DSM-5 cannabis use disorder occurred when 6+ criteria were endorsed, corresponding to the threshold for severe DSM-5 cannabis use disorder. At these optimal thresholds, sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV generally exceeded 85% (>75% for cannabis). Conclusions Overall, excellent correspondence of DSM-IV dependence with DSM-5 substance use disorders was documented in this general population sample of alcohol, cannabis, cocaine and opioid users. Applicability of treatments tested for DSM-IV dependence is supported by these results for those with a DSM-5 alcohol, cocaine or opioid use disorder of at least moderate severity or severe cannabis use disorder. Further research is needed to provide evidence for applicability of treatments for persons with milder substance use disorders.
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violent behavior and dsm iv psychiatric disorders results from the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions
The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 2008Co-Authors: Attila J Pulay, Deborah A Dawson, Rise B Goldstein, Deborah S. Hasin, June W Ruan, Roger P Pickering, Boji Huang, Patricia S Chou, Bridget F GrantAbstract:OBJECTIVE: To present nationally representative data on the lifetime prevalence and population estimates of violent behavior among individuals with DSM-IV psychiatric disorders. METHOD: The data were derived from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Prevalences, population estimates, and associations of violent behavior occurring among individuals with pure, comorbid, and specific DSM-IV psychiatric disorders were examined. RESULTS: After controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and other comorbidity, it was found that the odds of violent behavior were significantly increased (p OBJECTIVE: To present nationally representative data on the lifetime prevalence and population estimates of violent behavior among individuals with DSM-IV psychiatric disorders. METHOD: The data were derived from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Prevalences, population estimates, and associations of violent behavior occurring among individuals with pure, comorbid, and specific DSM-IV psychiatric disorders were examined. RESULTS: After controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and other comorbidity, it was found that the odds of violent behavior were significantly increased (p OBJECTIVE: To present nationally representative data on the lifetime prevalence and population estimates of violent behavior among individuals with DSM-IV psychiatric disorders. METHOD: The data were derived from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Prevalences, population estimates, and associations of violent behavior occurring among individuals with pure, comorbid, and specific DSM-IV psychiatric disorders were examined. RESULTS: After controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and other comorbidity, it was found that the odds of violent behavior were significantly increased (p OBJECTIVE: To present nationally representative data on the lifetime prevalence and population estimates of violent behavior among individuals with DSM-IV psychiatric disorders. METHOD: The data were derived from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Prevalences, population estimates, and associations of violent behavior occurring among individuals with pure, comorbid, and specific DSM-IV psychiatric disorders were examined. RESULTS: After controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and other comorbidity, it was found that the odds of violent behavior were significantly increased (p OBJECTIVE: To present nationally representative data on the lifetime prevalence and population estimates of violent behavior among individuals with DSM-IV psychiatric disorders. METHOD: The data were derived from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Prevalences, population estimates, and associations of violent behavior occurring among individuals with pure, comorbid, and specific DSM-IV psychiatric disorders were examined. RESULTS: After controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and other comorbidity, it was found that the odds of violent behavior were significantly increased (p OBJECTIVE: To present nationally representative data on the lifetime prevalence and population estimates of violent behavior among individuals with DSM-IV psychiatric disorders. METHOD: The data were derived from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Prevalences, population estimates, and associations of violent behavior occurring among individuals with pure, comorbid, and specific DSM-IV psychiatric disorders were examined. RESULTS: After controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and other comorbidity, it was found that the odds of violent behavior were significantly increased (p OBJECTIVE: To present nationally representative data on the lifetime prevalence and population estimates of violent behavior among individuals with DSM-IV psychiatric disorders. METHOD: The data were derived from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Prevalences, population estimates, and associations of violent behavior occurring among individuals with pure, comorbid, and specific DSM-IV psychiatric disorders were examined. RESULTS: After controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and other comorbidity, it was found that the odds of violent behavior were significantly increased (p Language: en
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Withdrawal and tolerance: prognostic significance in DSM-IV alcohol dependence.
Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 2000Co-Authors: Deborah S. Hasin, Andrea Paykin, J Meydan, Bridget F GrantAbstract:Objective: The clinical and research importance of tolerance and/or withdrawal in the diagnosis of substance dependence has been identified as a key area needing clarification. Earlier longitudinal studies did not identify whether diagnoses of alcohol dependence were current or lifetime. In this study, the prognostic significance of the DSM-IV physiological specifier was investigated among cases of alcohol dependence current at the baseline interview. The role of tremors, required in DSM-III and DSM-III-R, was investigated as well. Method: Household residents (N = 130; 57% men) meeting full criteria for current DSM-IV alcohol dependence in a baseline interview were re-interviewed a year later and DSM-IV alcohol dependence was again evaluated. Reliable structured interviews were used to make the diagnoses. The DSM-IV physiologic specifier and its components were tested as predictors of outcome of DSM-IV alcohol dependence, and included an additional definition of alcohol withdrawal that required tremors. C...
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Prevalence of the proposed DSM-IV alcohol use disorders: United States, 1988.
Addiction, 1992Co-Authors: Bridget F GrantAbstract:Data from a 1988 survey on United States drinking practices and related problems teas used to derive the proposed DSM-IV definitions of alcohol abuse and dependence. The prevalence of DSM-IV alcohol abuse and dependence combined, incorporating the DSM-III-R duration criterion, was 6.00% in this general population sample. The majority of respondents were classified as alcohol dependent (5.93%), dependent without abuse (5.24%), and dependent with physiological dependence (5.06%). The rate for DSM-IV alcohol abuse was negligible (0.06%) while elimination of the duration criterion had little impact on the prevalence of DSM-IV alcohol use disorders. Reasons for the extremely low prevalence of DSM-IV alcohol abuse and the slight increase in the prevalence of DSM-IV alcohol use disorders as the result of eliminating the duration criterion are discussed in terms of the content of the abuse category and its relationship to the dependence definition.
Allen Frances - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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DSM-IV-TR Guidebook
2004Co-Authors: Michael B. First, Allen Frances, Harold Alan PincusAbstract:Preface. Part I: The Foundations of Psychiatric Diagnosis. Roots: a brief history of psychiatric classification. Conceptual issues in psychiatric diagnosis. Part II: The Development and Use of DSM-IV-TR. The preparation of DSM-IV and DSM-IV-TR. The DSM-IV-TR road map and classification. The nuts and bolts of using DSM-IV-TR. The yeas and nays of the multiaxial system. The retirement of the term organic. Part III: The DSM-IV-TR Diagnoses. Delirium, dementia, amnestic, and other cognitive disorders. Mental disorders due to a general medical condition. Substance-related disorders. Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. Mood disorders. Anxiety disorders. Somatoform disorders. Factitious disorder and malingering. Dissociative disorders. Sexual and gender identity disorders. Eating disorders. Sleep disorders. Impulse-control disorders not elsewhere classified. Adjustment disorders. Personality disorders. Disorders of infancy, childhood, and adolescence. Other conditions that may be a focus of clinical attention. Part IV: Not Ready for Prime Time. Some future contenders. ÂHot controversies. Part V: Study Guides. The capsule summary: what everyone should know about DSM-IV-TR. Quiz yourself: 100 questions toward DSM-IV-TR mastery. Afterword. Bibliography. Index.
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DSM-IV
CNS Drugs, 1995Co-Authors: David F. Naftolowitz, Stacy Donovan, Allen FrancesAbstract:The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is established as one of the most important systems for the diagnosis and classification of psychiatric disorders. The widespread use of DSM-III and DSM-III-R criteria promoted greater specificity in matching therapeutic agents with psychiatric syndromes in both research and clinical practice. The fourth edition of this manual, DSM-IV, was published in 1994. Various procedures in the development of DSM-IV were intended to make the new classification criteria representati ve of findings of clinical research, generalisable to the larger and more diversified general practice populations, and to be conservative so minimising disruption to existing research efforts. The new criteria are, for the most part, similar to DSM-III-R. However, the importance of the criteria of general medical conditions, substance abuse disorders and medication-induced side effects in causing psychiatric symptomology is emphasised. New guidelines are provided for the assessment of bereavement in major depression and for the distinction of bipolar I and II disorders and antidepressant-induced mania. Panic disorder and generalised anxiety disorder are made more distinct in the new criteria, while the scope of brief psychotic disorder and adjustment disorders are broadened.
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DSM-IV guidebook
1995Co-Authors: Allen Frances, Michael B. First, Harold Alan PincusAbstract:This work is the essential companion to "DSM-IV", written by the experts who developed that clinical tool. Designed for the clinician, this guidebook provides a comprehensive tour through DSM-IV by the individuals who were most involved in its development. It covers how and why DSM-IV developed the way it did, and presents a clear road map of the intricacies of the organisation of the DSM diagnostic system. In this detailed volume, the clinician will find an easy-to-use summary of the changes from DSM-III to DSM-IV; detailed descriptions and explanations of DSM-IV diagnoses; 24 decision trees covering the most common presenting symptoms encountered in everyday practice; a discussion of the historical and social context for DSM-IV; a special chapter discussing the increasingly important differential between primary mental disorders and disorders due to substance use or a general medical condition; and hundreds of items of clinical advice concerning diagnostic assessment.
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DSM-IV meets philosophy
Journal of Medicine and Philosophy, 1994Co-Authors: Allen Frances, Avram H. Mack, Micheal B. First, Thomas A. Widiger, Ruth Ross, Leslie M. Forman, Wendy W. DavisAbstract:The authors discuss some of the conceptual issues that must be considered in using and understanding psychiatric classification. DMS-IV is a practical and common sense nosology of psychiatric disorders that is intended to improve communication in clinical practice and in research studies. DSM-IV has no philosophic pretensions but does raise many philosophical questions. This paper describes the development of DSM-IV and the way in which it addresses a number of philosophic issues: nominalism vs. realism, epistemology in science, the mind/body dichotomy, the definition of mental disorders, and dimensional vs. categorical classification.
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DSM-IV and International Communication in Psychiatric Diagnosis
Psychiatric Diagnosis, 1994Co-Authors: Allen Frances, Michael B. First, Harold Alan Pincus, Thomas A. Widiger, Wendy W. Davis, Willa Hall, Kelly Mckinney, Helen StaynaAbstract:The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV) will be published in 1994 at about the time of the international implementation of International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10). This timing was chosen to facilitate mutual influence and increased compatibility between DSM-IV and ICD-10. There have been several formal conferences and numerous informal discussions between the workers on ICD-10 and on DSM-IV and these have resulted in many changes, improving both systems and bringing them closer together (Frances et al 1989).
Robert F Krueger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dsm 5 personality traits and dsm iv personality disorders
Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 2012Co-Authors: Christopher J Hopwood, Katherine M Thomas, Kristian E Markon, Aidan G C Wright, Robert F KruegerAbstract:Two issues pertinent to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5) proposal for personality pathology, the recovery of DSM-IV personality disorders (PDs) by proposed DSM-5 traits and the validity of the proposed DSM-5 hybrid model, which incorporates both personality pathology symptoms and maladaptive traits, were evaluated in a large undergraduate sample (N = 808). Proposed DSM-5 traits as assessed with the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 explained a substantial proportion of variance in DSM-IV PDs as assessed with the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4+, and trait indicators of the 6 proposed DSM-5 PDs were mostly specific to those disorders with some exceptions. Regression analyses support the DSM-5 hybrid model in that pathological traits, and an indicator of general personality pathology severity provided incremental information about PDs. Findings are discussed in the context of broader issues around the proposed DSM-5 model of personality disorders.
