The Experts below are selected from a list of 5553 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
B Abi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), Far Detector Technical Design Report, Volume II DUNE Physics
2021Co-Authors: B Abi, R Acciarri, G Adamov, M Adinolfi, T Alion, Mario Acero, David Adams, Zubayer Ahmad, Jhanzeb Ahmed, Saul Alonso MonsalveAbstract:The preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe, the dynamics of the supernovae that produced the heavy elements necessary for life, and whether protons eventually decay -- these mysteries at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics are key to understanding the early evolution of our universe, its current state, and its eventual fate. DUNE is an international world-class experiment dedicated to addressing these questions as it searches for leptonic charge-parity symmetry violation, stands ready to capture supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector technical design report (TDR) describes the DUNE physics program and the technical designs of the single- and dual-phase DUNE liquid argon TPC far detector modules. Volume II of this TDR, DUNE Physics, describes the array of identified scientific opportunities and key goals. Crucially, we also report our best current understanding of the capability of DUNE to realize these goals, along with the detailed arguments and investigations on which this understanding is based. This TDR volume documents the scientific basis underlying the conception and design of the LBNF/DUNE experimental configurations. As a result, the description of DUNE's experimental capabilities constitutes the bulk of the document. Key linkages between requirements for successful execution of the physics program and primary specifications of the experimental configurations are drawn and summarized. This document also serves a wider purpose as a statement on the scientific potential of DUNE as a central component within a global program of frontier theoretical and experimental particle physics research. Thus, the presentation also aims to serve as a resource for the particle physics community at large.
-
long baseline neutrino oscillation physics potential of the dune experiment dune collaboration
European Physical Journal C, 2020Co-Authors: B Abi, R Acciarri, M A Acero, G Adamov, D L Adams, M Adinolfi, Z Ahmad, J Ahmed, T Alion, Alonso S MonsalveAbstract:The sensitivity of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) to neutrino oscillation is determined, based on a full simulation, reconstruction, and event selection of the far detector and a full simulation and parameterized analysis of the near detector. Detailed uncertainties due to the flux prediction, neutrino interaction model, and detector effects are included. DUNE will resolve the neutrino mass ordering to a precision of 5$\sigma $, for all $\delta _{\mathrm{CP}}$ values, after 2 years of running with the nominal detector design and beam configuration. It has the potential to observe charge-parity violation in the neutrino sector to a precision of 3$\sigma $ (5$\sigma $) after an exposure of 5 (10) years, for 50% of all $\delta _{\mathrm{CP}}$ values. It will also make precise measurements of other parameters governing long-baseline neutrino oscillation, and after an exposure of 15 years will achieve a similar sensitivity to $\sin ^{2} 2\theta _{13}$ to current reactor experiments.
-
Volume I. Introduction to DUNE
JINST, 2020Co-Authors: B Abi, R Acciarri, G Adamov, M Adinolfi, T Alion, Mario Acero, David Adams, Zubayer Ahmad, Jhanzeb Ahmed, Saul Alonso MonsalveAbstract:The preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe, the dynamics of the supernovae that produced the heavy elements necessary for life, and whether protons eventually decay—these mysteries at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics are key to understanding the early evolution of our universe, its current state, and its eventual fate. The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is an international world-class experiment dedicated to addressing these questions as it searches for leptonic charge-parity symmetry violation, stands ready to capture supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector technical design report (TDR) describes the DUNE physics program and the technical designs of the single- and dual-phase DUNE liquid argon TPC far detector modules. This TDR is intended to justify the technical choices for the far detector that flow down from the high-level physics goals through requirements at all levels of the Project. Volume I contains an executive summary that introduces the DUNE science program, the far detector and the strategy for its modular designs, and the organization and management of the Project. The remainder of Volume I provides more detail on the science program that drives the choice of detector technologies and on the technologies themselves. It also introduces the designs for the DUNE near detector and the DUNE computing model, for which DUNE is planning design reports. Volume II of this TDR describes DUNE's physics program in detail. Volume III describes the technical coordination required for the far detector design, construction, installation, and integration, and its organizational structure. Volume IV describes the single-phase far detector technology. A planned Volume V will describe the dual-phase technology.
Alonso S Monsalve - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
long baseline neutrino oscillation physics potential of the dune experiment dune collaboration
European Physical Journal C, 2020Co-Authors: B Abi, R Acciarri, M A Acero, G Adamov, D L Adams, M Adinolfi, Z Ahmad, J Ahmed, T Alion, Alonso S MonsalveAbstract:The sensitivity of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) to neutrino oscillation is determined, based on a full simulation, reconstruction, and event selection of the far detector and a full simulation and parameterized analysis of the near detector. Detailed uncertainties due to the flux prediction, neutrino interaction model, and detector effects are included. DUNE will resolve the neutrino mass ordering to a precision of 5$\sigma $, for all $\delta _{\mathrm{CP}}$ values, after 2 years of running with the nominal detector design and beam configuration. It has the potential to observe charge-parity violation in the neutrino sector to a precision of 3$\sigma $ (5$\sigma $) after an exposure of 5 (10) years, for 50% of all $\delta _{\mathrm{CP}}$ values. It will also make precise measurements of other parameters governing long-baseline neutrino oscillation, and after an exposure of 15 years will achieve a similar sensitivity to $\sin ^{2} 2\theta _{13}$ to current reactor experiments.
Gary Kocurek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
aeolian dune accommodation space for holocene wadi channel avulsion strata wahiba dune field oman
Sedimentary Geology, 2020Co-Authors: Gary Kocurek, Robin Westerman, Caroline Hern, Dominic Tatum, H M Rajapara, A K SinghviAbstract:Abstract Geomorphic evolution of the Wahiba Dune Field, Oman, during the Quaternary has occurred within a set of boundary conditions that include climatic forcing of fluvial, aeolian and eustatic cycles within an active tectonic basin. Because of basin down-warping and sediment transport into the basin, evolution of the geomorphic surface has been accompanied by the generation of a distinctive stratigraphic record. The coupled geomorphic and stratigraphic record of the northeastern portion of the dune field illustrates wadi-aeolian interactions, in which a channel avulsion, likely initiated during a flood, scoured through the interdune corridor between linear dunes. Interdune outcrops (7 m thick) consist of a lower interval interpreted as deposited by ephemeral fluvial flow, but an upper interval consists of six fining-upward units, each of which is interpreted to represent a flood event that culminated in ponding followed by desiccation. Luminescence dating indicates that the channel remained open for 2–3 ka during the Holocene, but ground-penetrating radar imaging shows that dunes encroached into the channel between floods and suggests that the transition from ephemeral flow to ponding resulted from dune damming. Maximum channel width and length are unknown, but width was greater than the current interdune area, and a speculative extended channel course is identified. Subsequently, interdune strata and linear dunes were buried by crescentic dunes sourced by an influx of sand with wadi affinity. The resultant complex stratigraphic architecture illustrates the role of existing surface topography in providing local geomorphic accommodation space for short-lived, concentrated patterns of sedimentation.
-
dune deformation in a multi directional wind regime white sands dune field new mexico
Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 2015Co-Authors: Anine Pedersen, Gary Kocurek, David Mohrig, Virginia SmithAbstract:As with most dune fields, the White Sands Dune Field in New Mexico forms in a wind regime that is not unimodal. In this study, crescentic dune shape change (deformation) with migration at White Sands was explored in a time series of five LiDAR-derived digital elevation models (DEMs) and compared to a record of wind direction and speed during the same period. For the study period of June 2007 to June 2010, 244 sand-transporting wind events occurred and define a dominant wind mode from the SW and lesser modes from the NNW and SSE. Based upon difference maps and tracing of dune brinklines, overall dune behavior consists of crest-normal migration to the NE, but also along-crest migration of dune sinuosity and stoss superimposed dunes to the SE. The SW winds are transverse to dune orientations and cause most forward migration. The NNW winds cause along-crest migration of dune sinuosity and stoss bedforms, as well as SE migration of NE-trending dune terminations. The SSE winds cause ephemeral dune deformation, especially crestal slipface reversals. The dunes deform with migration because of differences in dune-segment size, and differences in the lee-face deposition rate as a function of the incidence angle between the wind direction and the local brinkline orientation. Each wind event deforms dune shape, this new shape then serves as the boundary condition for the next wind event. Shared incidence-angle control on dune deformation and lee-face stratification types allows for an idealized model for White Sands dunes. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
-
aeolian dune interactions and dune field pattern formation white sands dune field new mexico
Sedimentology, 2010Co-Authors: Ryan C. Ewing, Gary KocurekAbstract:Pattern formation is a fundamental aspect of self-organization in fields of bedforms. Time-series aerial photographs and airborne light detection and ranging show that fully developed, crescentic aeolian dunes at White Sands, New Mexico, interact and the dune pattern organizes in systematically similar ways as wind ripples and subaqueous dunes and ripples. Documented interactions include: (i) merging; (ii) lateral linking; (iii) defect repulsion; (iv) bedform repulsion; (v) off-centre collision; (vi) defect creation; and (vii) dune splitting. Merging and lateral linking are constructive interactions that give rise to a more organized pattern. Defect creation and bedform splitting are regenerative interactions that push the system to a more disorganized state. Defect/bedform repulsion and off-centre collision cause significant pattern change, but appear to be neutral in overall pattern development. Measurements of pattern parameters (number of dunes, crest length, defect density, crest spacing and dune height), dune migration rates, and the type and frequency of dune interactions within a 3500 m box transect from the upwind margin to the core of the dune field show that most pattern organization occurs within the upwind field. Upwind dominance by constructive interactions yields to neutral and regenerative interactions in the field centre. This spatial change reflects upwind line source and sediment availability boundary conditions arising from antecedent palaeo-lake topography. Pattern evolution is most strongly coupled to the pattern parameters of dune spacing and defect density, such that spatially or temporally the frequency of bedform interactions decreases as the dunes become further apart and have fewer defects.
-
white sands dune field new mexico age dune dynamics and recent accumulations
Sedimentary Geology, 2007Co-Authors: Gary Kocurek, Karen G. Havholm, Ryan C. Ewing, Mary Carr, Y C Nagar, A K SinghviAbstract:Abstract The White Sands Dune Field, situated within the Tularosa Basin in southern New Mexico, is thought to have been largely derived by a stepwise, progressive deflation of Pleistocene Lake Otero strata with the onset of regional aridity. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of samples from a core that penetrated the gypsum accumulation of the dune field confirm a time of origin at ∼ 7000 yr. Dune sediment is characterized as lagged influx from previously stored Lake Otero sediment and contemporaneous influx derived from subsequent playas. Sediment became available for aeolian transport and dune-field construction because of a falling water table driven by the regional aridity. The current dune field is primarily a wet aeolian system in which the behavior of the accumulation surface over time is a function of the water table, although surface cementation by gypsum also imparts aspects of a stabilizing system. Dune crests are oriented borderline transverse to the annual transport resultant, and a monitored dune and its cross-strata show that transverse winds from the SW during the late winter and spring account for most of the crest-normal migration, but a significant along-crest component of migration of dune sinuosity occurs with fall and winter winds from the NW and N that strike the crests obliquely. Trenches across three interdune areas show dune sets and interdune strata climbing at about 0.1°. Depth of interdune scour increases with interdune streamwise length, which acts to enhance the probability of dune cross-strata deflation during arid years, but also increases the probability of interdune accumulation because the water table shows a net rise over time. Within the trenches, dune sets show a bundling of foresets between reactivation surfaces, interpreted as annual cycles that reveal lee-face reworking by the oblique NW and N winds and slipface progradation fostered by transverse winds from the SW. A progression from grainflow-dominated to wind-ripple-dominated cross-strata within a single set revealed in the longest trench is consistent with along-crest migration of dune sinuosity. Interdune laminations show light/dark couplets interpreted as annual varves reflecting dry/wet portions of the year. The number of laminations preserved in vertical sections across an interdune area shows that the record is incomplete, and endorses the interpretation of periods of interdune deflation. A calculation of the current accumulation rate as based upon the climbing strata within the trenches is significantly greater than the long-term accumulation rate determined by OSL dates taken from the core. In addition to compaction and possible dissolution of gypsum as partial explanations, the long-term accumulation rate may reflect significant variation in the accumulation rate over time, short-term deflation of accumulations on a regular basis, and/or the presence of unconformities within the gypsum body.
L K Fenton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
mars global digital dune database mgd 3 global dune distribution and wind pattern observations
Icarus, 2014Co-Authors: Rosalyn K Hayward, L K Fenton, Timothy N TitusAbstract:Abstract The Mars Global Digital Dune Database (MGD 3 ) is complete and now extends from 90°N to 90°S latitude. The recently released south pole (SP) portion (MC-30) of MGD 3 adds ∼60,000 km 2 of medium to large-size dark dune fields and ∼15,000 km 2 of sand deposits and smaller dune fields to the previously released equatorial (EQ, ∼70,000 km 2 ), and north pole (NP, ∼845,000 km 2 ) portions of the database, bringing the global total to ∼975,000 km 2 . Nearly all NP dunes are part of large sand seas, while the majority of EQ and SP dune fields are individual dune fields located in craters. Despite the differences between Mars and Earth, their dune and dune field morphologies are strikingly similar. Bullseye dune fields, named for their concentric ring pattern, are the exception, possibly owing their distinctive appearance to winds that are unique to the crater environment. Ground-based wind directions are derived from slipface (SF) orientation and dune centroid azimuth (DCA), a measure of the relative location of a dune field inside a crater. SF and DCA often preserve evidence of different wind directions, suggesting the importance of local, topographically influenced winds. In general however, ground-based wind directions are broadly consistent with expected global patterns, such as polar easterlies. Intriguingly, between 40°S and 80°S latitude both SF and DCA preserve their strongest, though different, dominant wind direction, with transport toward the west and east for SF-derived winds and toward the north and west for DCA-derived winds.
-
dune migration and slip face advancement in the rabe crater dune field mars
Geophysical Research Letters, 2006Co-Authors: L K FentonAbstract:[1] Eight overlapping images of a dune slip face in Rabe Crater (35°E, 44°S) from the Mars Global Surveyor Mars Orbiter Camera show changes interpreted to be multiple grainflow events that would indicate present-day sand saltation and dune migration. New occurrences of these features appear sporadically throughout late southern summer and early fall, and then no further changes occur throughout winter. By the following summer the pattern of old streaks had been almost completely covered by new dark streaks. Assuming that this activity is typical from year to year, migration rates are estimated to be on the order of 1–2 cm per martian year, produced by south to southeasterly winds that blow mostly during the southern spring and early summer. This slow migration rate is consistent with a present-day sediment state that is either transport or availability limited.
R Acciarri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), Far Detector Technical Design Report, Volume II DUNE Physics
2021Co-Authors: B Abi, R Acciarri, G Adamov, M Adinolfi, T Alion, Mario Acero, David Adams, Zubayer Ahmad, Jhanzeb Ahmed, Saul Alonso MonsalveAbstract:The preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe, the dynamics of the supernovae that produced the heavy elements necessary for life, and whether protons eventually decay -- these mysteries at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics are key to understanding the early evolution of our universe, its current state, and its eventual fate. DUNE is an international world-class experiment dedicated to addressing these questions as it searches for leptonic charge-parity symmetry violation, stands ready to capture supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector technical design report (TDR) describes the DUNE physics program and the technical designs of the single- and dual-phase DUNE liquid argon TPC far detector modules. Volume II of this TDR, DUNE Physics, describes the array of identified scientific opportunities and key goals. Crucially, we also report our best current understanding of the capability of DUNE to realize these goals, along with the detailed arguments and investigations on which this understanding is based. This TDR volume documents the scientific basis underlying the conception and design of the LBNF/DUNE experimental configurations. As a result, the description of DUNE's experimental capabilities constitutes the bulk of the document. Key linkages between requirements for successful execution of the physics program and primary specifications of the experimental configurations are drawn and summarized. This document also serves a wider purpose as a statement on the scientific potential of DUNE as a central component within a global program of frontier theoretical and experimental particle physics research. Thus, the presentation also aims to serve as a resource for the particle physics community at large.
-
long baseline neutrino oscillation physics potential of the dune experiment dune collaboration
European Physical Journal C, 2020Co-Authors: B Abi, R Acciarri, M A Acero, G Adamov, D L Adams, M Adinolfi, Z Ahmad, J Ahmed, T Alion, Alonso S MonsalveAbstract:The sensitivity of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) to neutrino oscillation is determined, based on a full simulation, reconstruction, and event selection of the far detector and a full simulation and parameterized analysis of the near detector. Detailed uncertainties due to the flux prediction, neutrino interaction model, and detector effects are included. DUNE will resolve the neutrino mass ordering to a precision of 5$\sigma $, for all $\delta _{\mathrm{CP}}$ values, after 2 years of running with the nominal detector design and beam configuration. It has the potential to observe charge-parity violation in the neutrino sector to a precision of 3$\sigma $ (5$\sigma $) after an exposure of 5 (10) years, for 50% of all $\delta _{\mathrm{CP}}$ values. It will also make precise measurements of other parameters governing long-baseline neutrino oscillation, and after an exposure of 15 years will achieve a similar sensitivity to $\sin ^{2} 2\theta _{13}$ to current reactor experiments.
-
Volume I. Introduction to DUNE
JINST, 2020Co-Authors: B Abi, R Acciarri, G Adamov, M Adinolfi, T Alion, Mario Acero, David Adams, Zubayer Ahmad, Jhanzeb Ahmed, Saul Alonso MonsalveAbstract:The preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe, the dynamics of the supernovae that produced the heavy elements necessary for life, and whether protons eventually decay—these mysteries at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics are key to understanding the early evolution of our universe, its current state, and its eventual fate. The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is an international world-class experiment dedicated to addressing these questions as it searches for leptonic charge-parity symmetry violation, stands ready to capture supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector technical design report (TDR) describes the DUNE physics program and the technical designs of the single- and dual-phase DUNE liquid argon TPC far detector modules. This TDR is intended to justify the technical choices for the far detector that flow down from the high-level physics goals through requirements at all levels of the Project. Volume I contains an executive summary that introduces the DUNE science program, the far detector and the strategy for its modular designs, and the organization and management of the Project. The remainder of Volume I provides more detail on the science program that drives the choice of detector technologies and on the technologies themselves. It also introduces the designs for the DUNE near detector and the DUNE computing model, for which DUNE is planning design reports. Volume II of this TDR describes DUNE's physics program in detail. Volume III describes the technical coordination required for the far detector design, construction, installation, and integration, and its organizational structure. Volume IV describes the single-phase far detector technology. A planned Volume V will describe the dual-phase technology.