The Experts below are selected from a list of 1380 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Kempaiah Kemparaju - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Reply to 'Evidence that neutrophils do not promote Echis carinatus venom-induced tissue destruction'.
Nature communications, 2018Co-Authors: Kempaiah Kemparaju, Kesturu S. Girish, Gajanan D. KatkarAbstract:Prof. Reber and his team for providing further insight into Echis carinatus venom-induced tissue necrosis in their correspondence1 regarding our Nature Communications article2. We are glad that our major findings such as reduction in E. carinatus venom-induced tail injury after DNase I treatment, increased the mortality of mice when co-injected with E. carinatus venom and DNase I, function of venom DNase in toxicity, and the application of the newly developed mouse tail model to study sustained tissue necrosis have been ratified. These effects are due to the accumulation of extracellular DNA and its clearance by the DNase I treatment at the venom injected site. However, using a variety of neutropenic mouse models, the authors claim that neutrophils or neutrophils extracellular traps (NETs) do not contribute to E. carinatus sochureki, E. carinatus multisquamatus, or E. carinatus pyramidum venom-induced tissue necrosis, but the extracellular traps (ETs) derived from resident and other necrotic cells do contribute. Unlike our published article, they do not test E. carinatus carinatus (Indian saw-scaled viper) venom.
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NETosis and lack of DNase activity are key factors in Echis carinatus venom-induced tissue destruction
Nature communications, 2016Co-Authors: Gajanan D. Katkar, Kesturu S. Girish, Mahalingam S. Sundaram, Somanathapura K. Naveenkumar, Basavarajaiah Swethakumar, Rachana D. Sharma, Manoj Paul, Gopalapura J. Vishalakshi, S. Devaraja, Kempaiah KemparajuAbstract:Indian Echis carinatus bite causes sustained tissue destruction at the bite site. Neutrophils, the major leukocytes in the early defence process, accumulate at the bite site. Here we show that E. carinatus venom induces neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. The NETs block the blood vessels and entrap the venom toxins at the injection site, promoting tissue destruction. The stability of NETs is attributed to the lack of NETs-degrading DNase activity in E. carinatus venom. In a mouse tail model, mice co-injected with venom and DNase 1, and neutropenic mice injected with the venom, do not develop NETs, venom accumulation and tissue destruction at the injected site. Strikingly, venom-induced mice tail tissue destruction is also prevented by the subsequent injection of DNase 1. Thus, our study suggests that DNase 1 treatment may have a therapeutic potential for preventing the tissue destruction caused by snake venom.
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Local tissue destruction and procoagulation properties of Echis carinatus venom: inhibition by Vitis vinifera seed methanol extract.
Phytotherapy research : PTR, 2008Co-Authors: Y. H. Mahadeswaraswamy, S. Nagaraju, Kesturu S. Girish, Kempaiah KemparajuAbstract:Plant extracts are extensively used against snakebites in Indian folk medicine. In this study, one such traditionally used plant, Vitis vinifera L. (Vitaceae) seed methanol extract has been studied for its ability to neutralize Indian Echis carinatus (saw-scaled viper) venom. The extract effectively inhibited toxic effects, such as oedema, haemorrhage, myonecrosis and coagulation of citrated human plasma. Further, the extract inhibited the caseinolytic, hyaluronolytic and fibrinogenolytic activities of the venom. The extract caused dose dependent inhibition of the toxic activities studied, suggesting venom inhibition. Thus, the anti-snake venom property of the extract appears to be highly promising for further investigation in order to achieve better neutralization of Indian E. carinatus venom poisoning.
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Purification and characterization of a platelet aggregation inhibitor acidic phospholipase A(2) from Indian saw-sealed viper (Echis carinatus) venom
1999Co-Authors: Kempaiah Kemparaju, T. P. Krishnakantha, T. Veerabasappa GowdaAbstract:An acidic phospholipase A(2) (EC-I-PLA(2)) has been purified from the Indian saw-scaled viper (Echis carinatus) venom through a combination of column chromatography and electrophoresis. EC-I-PLA(2) has a molecular weight of 16000 by SDS-PAGE. It was focussed between pH 4.2 and 4.8 by isoelectro focussing. EC-I-PLA(2) was non-lethal to mice and devoid of neurotoxicity, myotoxicity, anticoagulant activity and cytotoxicity. It induced mild oedema in the foot pads of mice. The purified PLA(2) inhibited ADP, collagen and epinephrine induced human platelet aggregation and the inhibition was both dose and time dependent. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Purification and characterization of a platelet aggregation inhibitor acidic phospholipase A2 from Indian saw-scaled viper (Echis carinatus) venom.
Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology, 1999Co-Authors: Kempaiah Kemparaju, T.p. Krishnakanth, T. Veerabasappa GowdaAbstract:An acidic phospholipase A2 (EC-I-PLA2) has been purified from the Indian saw-scaled viper (Echis carinatus) venom through a combination of column chromatography and electrophoresis. EC-I-PLA2 has a molecular weight of 16000 by SDS-PAGE. It was focussed between pH 4.2 and 4.8 by isoelectro focussing. EC-I-PLA2 was non-lethal to mice and devoid of neurotoxicity, myotoxicity, anticoagulant activity and cytotoxicity. It induced mild oedema in the foot pads of mice. The purified PLA2 inhibited ADP, collagen and epinephrine induced human platelet aggregation and the inhibition was both dose and time dependent.
Gajanan D. Katkar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Reply to 'Evidence that neutrophils do not promote Echis carinatus venom-induced tissue destruction'.
Nature communications, 2018Co-Authors: Kempaiah Kemparaju, Kesturu S. Girish, Gajanan D. KatkarAbstract:Prof. Reber and his team for providing further insight into Echis carinatus venom-induced tissue necrosis in their correspondence1 regarding our Nature Communications article2. We are glad that our major findings such as reduction in E. carinatus venom-induced tail injury after DNase I treatment, increased the mortality of mice when co-injected with E. carinatus venom and DNase I, function of venom DNase in toxicity, and the application of the newly developed mouse tail model to study sustained tissue necrosis have been ratified. These effects are due to the accumulation of extracellular DNA and its clearance by the DNase I treatment at the venom injected site. However, using a variety of neutropenic mouse models, the authors claim that neutrophils or neutrophils extracellular traps (NETs) do not contribute to E. carinatus sochureki, E. carinatus multisquamatus, or E. carinatus pyramidum venom-induced tissue necrosis, but the extracellular traps (ETs) derived from resident and other necrotic cells do contribute. Unlike our published article, they do not test E. carinatus carinatus (Indian saw-scaled viper) venom.
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NETosis and lack of DNase activity are key factors in Echis carinatus venom-induced tissue destruction
Nature communications, 2016Co-Authors: Gajanan D. Katkar, Kesturu S. Girish, Mahalingam S. Sundaram, Somanathapura K. Naveenkumar, Basavarajaiah Swethakumar, Rachana D. Sharma, Manoj Paul, Gopalapura J. Vishalakshi, S. Devaraja, Kempaiah KemparajuAbstract:Indian Echis carinatus bite causes sustained tissue destruction at the bite site. Neutrophils, the major leukocytes in the early defence process, accumulate at the bite site. Here we show that E. carinatus venom induces neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. The NETs block the blood vessels and entrap the venom toxins at the injection site, promoting tissue destruction. The stability of NETs is attributed to the lack of NETs-degrading DNase activity in E. carinatus venom. In a mouse tail model, mice co-injected with venom and DNase 1, and neutropenic mice injected with the venom, do not develop NETs, venom accumulation and tissue destruction at the injected site. Strikingly, venom-induced mice tail tissue destruction is also prevented by the subsequent injection of DNase 1. Thus, our study suggests that DNase 1 treatment may have a therapeutic potential for preventing the tissue destruction caused by snake venom.
Christeine Ariaranee Gnanathasan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Life threatening intracerebral haemorrhage following saw- scaled viper (Echis carinatus) envenoming-authenticated case report from Sri Lanka
BMC Emergency Medicine, 2013Co-Authors: Chathuranga Lakmal Fonseka, Vijayabala Jeevagan, Christeine Ariaranee GnanathasanAbstract:Background Echis carinatus (Saw scaled viper {SSV}) is a venomous snake found in the parts of Middle East and Central Asia. SSV envenoming is characterized by local swelling and coagulopathy. Various bleeding manifestations are commonly seen with SSV envenoming. In contrast to other part of Asia, saw scale viper envenoming has not been reported to cause life threatening haemorrhagic manifestations in Sri Lanka. Case presentation We report a 19 years old healthy boy who developed massive left temporo-parietal intra cerebral haemorrhage following Echis carinatus (Saw scaled viper) bite in Sri Lanka. Conclusion Although subspecies of SSV in Sri Lanka is regarded as a ‘non lethal venomous snake’, the occurrence of rare potentially fatal complications such as intracerebral haemorrhage should be considered in their management. This case report is intended to bring the awareness of this fatal complication of SSV envenoming in Sri Lanka.
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Life threatening intracerebral haemorrhage following saw- scaled viper (Echis carinatus) envenoming-authenticated case report from Sri Lanka
BMC emergency medicine, 2013Co-Authors: Chathuranga Lakmal Fonseka, Vijayabala Jeevagan, Christeine Ariaranee GnanathasanAbstract:Background Echis carinatus (Saw scaled viper {SSV}) is a venomous snake found in the parts of Middle East and Central Asia. SSV envenoming is characterized by local swelling and coagulopathy. Various bleeding manifestations are commonly seen with SSV envenoming. In contrast to other part of Asia, saw scale viper envenoming has not been reported to cause life threatening haemorrhagic manifestations in Sri Lanka.
Kesturu S. Girish - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Reply to 'Evidence that neutrophils do not promote Echis carinatus venom-induced tissue destruction'.
Nature communications, 2018Co-Authors: Kempaiah Kemparaju, Kesturu S. Girish, Gajanan D. KatkarAbstract:Prof. Reber and his team for providing further insight into Echis carinatus venom-induced tissue necrosis in their correspondence1 regarding our Nature Communications article2. We are glad that our major findings such as reduction in E. carinatus venom-induced tail injury after DNase I treatment, increased the mortality of mice when co-injected with E. carinatus venom and DNase I, function of venom DNase in toxicity, and the application of the newly developed mouse tail model to study sustained tissue necrosis have been ratified. These effects are due to the accumulation of extracellular DNA and its clearance by the DNase I treatment at the venom injected site. However, using a variety of neutropenic mouse models, the authors claim that neutrophils or neutrophils extracellular traps (NETs) do not contribute to E. carinatus sochureki, E. carinatus multisquamatus, or E. carinatus pyramidum venom-induced tissue necrosis, but the extracellular traps (ETs) derived from resident and other necrotic cells do contribute. Unlike our published article, they do not test E. carinatus carinatus (Indian saw-scaled viper) venom.
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NETosis and lack of DNase activity are key factors in Echis carinatus venom-induced tissue destruction
Nature communications, 2016Co-Authors: Gajanan D. Katkar, Kesturu S. Girish, Mahalingam S. Sundaram, Somanathapura K. Naveenkumar, Basavarajaiah Swethakumar, Rachana D. Sharma, Manoj Paul, Gopalapura J. Vishalakshi, S. Devaraja, Kempaiah KemparajuAbstract:Indian Echis carinatus bite causes sustained tissue destruction at the bite site. Neutrophils, the major leukocytes in the early defence process, accumulate at the bite site. Here we show that E. carinatus venom induces neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. The NETs block the blood vessels and entrap the venom toxins at the injection site, promoting tissue destruction. The stability of NETs is attributed to the lack of NETs-degrading DNase activity in E. carinatus venom. In a mouse tail model, mice co-injected with venom and DNase 1, and neutropenic mice injected with the venom, do not develop NETs, venom accumulation and tissue destruction at the injected site. Strikingly, venom-induced mice tail tissue destruction is also prevented by the subsequent injection of DNase 1. Thus, our study suggests that DNase 1 treatment may have a therapeutic potential for preventing the tissue destruction caused by snake venom.
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Local tissue destruction and procoagulation properties of Echis carinatus venom: inhibition by Vitis vinifera seed methanol extract.
Phytotherapy research : PTR, 2008Co-Authors: Y. H. Mahadeswaraswamy, S. Nagaraju, Kesturu S. Girish, Kempaiah KemparajuAbstract:Plant extracts are extensively used against snakebites in Indian folk medicine. In this study, one such traditionally used plant, Vitis vinifera L. (Vitaceae) seed methanol extract has been studied for its ability to neutralize Indian Echis carinatus (saw-scaled viper) venom. The extract effectively inhibited toxic effects, such as oedema, haemorrhage, myonecrosis and coagulation of citrated human plasma. Further, the extract inhibited the caseinolytic, hyaluronolytic and fibrinogenolytic activities of the venom. The extract caused dose dependent inhibition of the toxic activities studied, suggesting venom inhibition. Thus, the anti-snake venom property of the extract appears to be highly promising for further investigation in order to achieve better neutralization of Indian E. carinatus venom poisoning.
Ashis K. Mukherjee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Proteomic Analysis of Sri Lanka Echis carinatus Venom: Immunological Cross-Reactivity and Enzyme Neutralization Potency of Indian Polyantivenom.
Journal of proteome research, 2020Co-Authors: Aparup Patra, Ashis K. MukherjeeAbstract:The saw-scaled viper (Echis carinatus carinatus) is a major venomous snake in Sri Lanka (SL) responsible for massive numbers of snakebites on the island; nevertheless, its venom proteome compositio...
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Proteomics and antivenomics of Echis carinatus carinatus venom: Correlation with pharmacological properties and pathophysiology of envenomation.
Scientific reports, 2017Co-Authors: Aparup Patra, Bhargab Kalita, Abhishek Chanda, Ashis K. MukherjeeAbstract:The proteome composition of Echis carinatus carinatus venom (ECV) from India was studied for the first time by tandem mass spectrometry analysis. A total of 90, 47, and 22 distinct enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins belonging to 15, 10, and 6 snake venom protein families were identified in ECV by searching the ESI-LC-MS/MS data against non-redundant protein databases of Viperidae (taxid 8689), Echis (taxid 8699) and Echis carinatus (taxid 40353), respectively. However, analysis of MS/MS data against the Transcriptome Shotgun Assembly sequences (87 entries) of conger E. coloratus identified only 14 proteins in ECV. Snake venom metalloproteases and snaclecs, the most abundant enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins, respectively in ECV account for defibrinogenation and the strong in vitro pro-coagulant activity. Further, glutaminyl cyclase, aspartic protease, aminopeptidase, phospholipase B, vascular endothelial growth factor, and nerve growth factor were reported for the first time in ECV. The proteome composition of ECV was well correlated with its biochemical and pharmacological properties and clinical manifestations observed in Echis envenomed patients. Neutralization of enzymes and pharmacological properties of ECV, and immuno-cross-reactivity studies unequivocally point to the poor recognition of
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proteomics and antivenomics of Echis carinatus carinatus venom correlation with pharmacological properties and pathophysiology of envenomation
Scientific Reports, 2017Co-Authors: Aparup Patra, Bhargab Kalita, Abhishek Chanda, Ashis K. MukherjeeAbstract:The proteome composition of Echis carinatus carinatus venom (ECV) from India was studied for the first time by tandem mass spectrometry analysis. A total of 90, 47, and 22 distinct enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins belonging to 15, 10, and 6 snake venom protein families were identified in ECV by searching the ESI-LC-MS/MS data against non-redundant protein databases of Viperidae (taxid 8689), Echis (taxid 8699) and Echis carinatus (taxid 40353), respectively. However, analysis of MS/MS data against the Transcriptome Shotgun Assembly sequences (87 entries) of conger E. coloratus identified only 14 proteins in ECV. Snake venom metalloproteases and snaclecs, the most abundant enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins, respectively in ECV account for defibrinogenation and the strong in vitro pro-coagulant activity. Further, glutaminyl cyclase, aspartic protease, aminopeptidase, phospholipase B, vascular endothelial growth factor, and nerve growth factor were reported for the first time in ECV. The proteome composition of ECV was well correlated with its biochemical and pharmacological properties and clinical manifestations observed in Echis envenomed patients. Neutralization of enzymes and pharmacological properties of ECV, and immuno-cross-reactivity studies unequivocally point to the poor recognition of <20 kDa ECV proteins, such as PLA2, subunits of snaclec, and disintegrin by commercial polyvalent antivenom.
