The Experts below are selected from a list of 10710 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Bruce G. Ferguson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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traditional Ecological Knowledge tek ideas inspiration and designs for Ecological engineering
Ecological Engineering, 2010Co-Authors: Jay F. Martin, Stewart A.w. Diemont, Bruce G. FergusonAbstract:Abstract In coming years society will be forced to adapt to lower energy levels due to projected declines in non-renewable energies. This will increase the challenge to Ecological engineers to design sustainable ecosystems, driven by renewable energies to benefit society and the environment. This paper introduces the field of Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) as an important source of ideas, inspiration and designs to help our profession meet this challenge. TEK refers to Ecological Knowledge and practices of indigenous and local cultures. Because these practices originated and evolved prior to the era of fossil-fuel dominance, they were designed and have continuously adapted to utilize renewable energies and resources. TEK is also well suited to sustainable design due to philosophical differences with Western science and culture. While Western culture views society as apart from and controlling ecosystems, indigenous cultures routinely see themselves as embedded within ecosystems. Because TEK has declined as the influence of Western culture has spread, there is an urgent need to identify and apply this Knowledge for future benefit. Collaboration with scientists can help raise the social standing of indigenous people and of TEK within their own communities, thus contributing to cultural survival while maintaining this information. Applications of TEK relevant to Ecological engineering including water management and agriculture in the Americas are highlighted.
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Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK): Ideas, inspiration, and designs for Ecological engineering
Ecological Engineering, 2010Co-Authors: Jay F. Martin, Eric D. Roy, Stewart A.w. Diemont, Bruce G. FergusonAbstract:In coming years society will be forced to adapt to lower energy levels due to projected declines in non-renewable energies. This will increase the challenge to Ecological engineers to design sustainable ecosystems, driven by renewable energies to benefit society and the environment. This paper introduces the field of Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) as an important source of ideas, inspiration and designs to help our profession meet this challenge. TEK refers to Ecological Knowledge and practices of indigenous and local cultures. Because these practices originated and evolved prior to the era of fossil-fuel dominance, they were designed and have continuously adapted to utilize renewable energies and resources. TEK is also well suited to sustainable design due to philosophical differences with Western science and culture. While Western culture views society as apart from and controlling ecosystems, indigenous cultures routinely see themselves as embedded within ecosystems. Because TEK has declined as the influence of Western culture has spread, there is an urgent need to identify and apply this Knowledge for future benefit. Collaboration with scientists can help raise the social standing of indigenous people and of TEK within their own communities, thus contributing to cultural survival while maintaining this information. Applications of TEK relevant to Ecological engineering including water management and agriculture in the Americas are highlighted. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Victoria Reyesgarcia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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local Ecological Knowledge among baka children a case of children s culture
Journal of Ethnobiology, 2017Co-Authors: Sandrine Gallois, Romain Duda, Victoria ReyesgarciaAbstract:Childhood is an extensive life period specific to the human species and a key stage for development. Considering the importance of childhood for cultural transmission, we test the existence of a “children's culture,” or child-specific Knowledge and practices not necessarily shared with adults, among the Baka in Southeast Cameroon. Using structured questionnaires, we collected data among 69 children and 175 adults to assess the ability to name, identify, and conceptualize animals and wild edibles. We found that some of the Ecological Knowledge related to little mammals and birds reported by Baka children was not reported by adults. We also found similarities between children's and adults' Knowledge, both regarding the content of Knowledge and how Knowledge is distributed. Thus, children in middle childhood hold similar Knowledge to adults, especially related to wild edibles. Moreover, as children age, they start shedding child-specific Knowledge and holding more adult-specific Knowledge. Echoing the gendered Knowledge distribution present in adulthood, from middle childhood, there are differences in the Knowledge held by boys and girls. We discuss our results highlighting the existence of specific Ecological Knowledge held by Baka children, the overlap between children's and adults' Knowledge, and the changes in children's Ecological Knowledge as they move into adulthood.
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secular trends on traditional Ecological Knowledge an analysis of changes in different domains of Knowledge among tsimane men
Learning and Individual Differences, 2013Co-Authors: Victoria Reyesgarcia, Maximilien Guèze, Manuel J. Macía, Joan Pino, Jaime Panequegalvez, Marti Ortamartinez, Taps Bolivian Study TeamAbstract:Abstract Empirical research provides contradictory evidence of the loss of traditional Ecological Knowledge across societies. Researchers have argued that culture, methodological differences, and site-specific conditions are responsible for such contradictory evidences. We advance and test a third explanation: the adaptive nature of traditional Ecological Knowledge systems. Specifically, we test whether different domains of traditional Ecological Knowledge experience different secular changes and analyze trends in the context of other changes in livelihoods. We use data collected among 651 Tsimane' men (Bolivian Amazon). Our findings indicate that different domains of Knowledge follow different secular trends. Among the domains of Knowledge analyzed, medicinal Knowledge and wild edible Knowledge appear as the most vulnerable; canoe building Knowledge and firewood Knowledge seem to remain constant across generations; whereas house building Knowledge seems to experience a slight secular increase. Our analysis reflects on the adaptive nature of traditional Ecological Knowledge, highlighting how changes in this Knowledge system respond to the particular needs of a society in a given point of time.
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traditional Ecological Knowledge and community resilience to environmental extremes a case study in donana sw spain
Global Environmental Change-human and Policy Dimensions, 2012Co-Authors: Victoria Reyesgarcia, Erik Gomezbaggethun, Per Olsson, Carlos MontesAbstract:Abstract Research in the last decade has emphasised the potential contribution of traditional Ecological Knowledge to cope with challenges from global environmental change. This research examines the role of traditional Ecological Knowledge and shared systems of beliefs in building long-term social–Ecological resilience to environmental extremes. Data were collected from 13 villages of the Donana region, southwestern Spain, through interviews, focus groups, and systematic reviews of historical archives. First, we assess adaptive practices to cope with environmental change. Then, we use historical records of religious ceremonies (1577–1956) to reconstruct collective responses to environmental extremes. Our results (1) show how environmental extremes could induce social and economic crises through declines in ecosystem services and (2) identify practices to cope with recurrent disturbance and institutional devices developed in response to environmental extremes. We conclude that traditional Ecological Knowledge and shared systems of beliefs can facilitate collective responses to crises and contribute to the maintenance of long-term resilience of social–Ecological systems.
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economic development and local Ecological Knowledge a deadlock quantitative research from a native amazonian society
Human Ecology, 2007Co-Authors: Victoria Reyesgarcia, Vincent Vadez, Tomas Huanca, William R Leonard, Thomas W McdadeAbstract:Despite the growing interest in the topic, there has been little quantitative research about the causes and rate of acquisition and loss of local Ecological Knowledge. Some researchers have linked the loss of local Ecological Knowledge to the expansion of the market economy (Godoy et al., 1998; Ross, 2002; Reyes-Garcia et al., 2005a), others have found persistence in local Ecological Knowledge despite large socio-economic changes (Zarger and Stepp, 2004), and still others have found that integration into the market economy through an economic activity based in the natural environment could accelerate the acquisition of local Ecological Knowledge (Guest, 2002). The debate matters for policy-making because if integration to the market erodes local Knowledge, there would be no possibility of simultaneously achieving conservation of local Knowledge and economic development. In contrast, if integration to the market economy does not affect or does not always affect local Knowledge, then some forms of market incorporation could develop without eroding local Ecological Knowledge. In this article we test how various forms of integration to the market economy affect local Ecological Knowledge. Local Knowledge has many domains (i.e., myth, cosmology), including local Ecological Knowledge, which itself comprises many subdomains, such as plants, animals, insects, or soils. We proxy local Ecological Knowledge with ethnobotanical Knowledge. We use a new way of measuring ethnobotanical Knowledge that stresses skills that draw on ethnobotanical Knowledge, and compare results with standard measures of ethnobotanical Knowledge that stress passive Knowledge. We hypothesize that only some forms of integration to the market economy, namely activities that take individuals out of their culture and environment, are associated with less local Ecological Knowledge. To explore the topic, we draw on information from 476 Tsimane’—a foraging-horticultural society in the Bolivian Amazon.
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evaluating indices of traditional Ecological Knowledge a methodological contribution
Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 2006Co-Authors: Victoria Reyesgarcia, Vincent Vadez, Susan Tanner, Thomas W Mcdade, Tomas Huanca, William R LeonardAbstract:Background: New quantitative methods to collect and analyze data have produced novel findings in ethnobiology. A common application of quantitative methods in ethnobiology is to assess the traditional Ecological Knowledge of individuals. Few studies have addressed reliability of indices of traditional Ecological Knowledge constructed with different quantitative methods. Methods: We assessed the associations among eight indices of traditional Ecological Knowledge from data collected from 650 native Amazonians. We computed Spearman correlations, Chronbach's alpha, and principal components factor analysis for the eight indices. Results: We found that indices derived from different raw data were weakly correlated (rho 0.5; p < 0.001). We also found a relatively high internal consistency across data from the eight indices (Chronbach's alpha = 0.78). Last, results from a principal components factor analysis of the eight indices suggest that the eight indices were positively related, although the association was low when considering only the first factor. Conclusion: A possible explanation for the relatively low correlation between indices derived from different raw data, but relatively high internal consistency of the eight indices is that the methods capture different aspects of an individual's traditional Ecological Knowledge. To develop a reliable measure of traditional Ecological Knowledge, researchers should collect raw data using a variety of methods and then generate an aggregated measure that contains data from the various components of traditional Ecological Knowledge. Failure to do this will hinder cross-cultural comparisons.
Jay F. Martin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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traditional Ecological Knowledge tek ideas inspiration and designs for Ecological engineering
Ecological Engineering, 2010Co-Authors: Jay F. Martin, Stewart A.w. Diemont, Bruce G. FergusonAbstract:Abstract In coming years society will be forced to adapt to lower energy levels due to projected declines in non-renewable energies. This will increase the challenge to Ecological engineers to design sustainable ecosystems, driven by renewable energies to benefit society and the environment. This paper introduces the field of Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) as an important source of ideas, inspiration and designs to help our profession meet this challenge. TEK refers to Ecological Knowledge and practices of indigenous and local cultures. Because these practices originated and evolved prior to the era of fossil-fuel dominance, they were designed and have continuously adapted to utilize renewable energies and resources. TEK is also well suited to sustainable design due to philosophical differences with Western science and culture. While Western culture views society as apart from and controlling ecosystems, indigenous cultures routinely see themselves as embedded within ecosystems. Because TEK has declined as the influence of Western culture has spread, there is an urgent need to identify and apply this Knowledge for future benefit. Collaboration with scientists can help raise the social standing of indigenous people and of TEK within their own communities, thus contributing to cultural survival while maintaining this information. Applications of TEK relevant to Ecological engineering including water management and agriculture in the Americas are highlighted.
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Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK): Ideas, inspiration, and designs for Ecological engineering
Ecological Engineering, 2010Co-Authors: Jay F. Martin, Eric D. Roy, Stewart A.w. Diemont, Bruce G. FergusonAbstract:In coming years society will be forced to adapt to lower energy levels due to projected declines in non-renewable energies. This will increase the challenge to Ecological engineers to design sustainable ecosystems, driven by renewable energies to benefit society and the environment. This paper introduces the field of Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) as an important source of ideas, inspiration and designs to help our profession meet this challenge. TEK refers to Ecological Knowledge and practices of indigenous and local cultures. Because these practices originated and evolved prior to the era of fossil-fuel dominance, they were designed and have continuously adapted to utilize renewable energies and resources. TEK is also well suited to sustainable design due to philosophical differences with Western science and culture. While Western culture views society as apart from and controlling ecosystems, indigenous cultures routinely see themselves as embedded within ecosystems. Because TEK has declined as the influence of Western culture has spread, there is an urgent need to identify and apply this Knowledge for future benefit. Collaboration with scientists can help raise the social standing of indigenous people and of TEK within their own communities, thus contributing to cultural survival while maintaining this information. Applications of TEK relevant to Ecological engineering including water management and agriculture in the Americas are highlighted. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Stewart A.w. Diemont - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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traditional Ecological Knowledge tek ideas inspiration and designs for Ecological engineering
Ecological Engineering, 2010Co-Authors: Jay F. Martin, Stewart A.w. Diemont, Bruce G. FergusonAbstract:Abstract In coming years society will be forced to adapt to lower energy levels due to projected declines in non-renewable energies. This will increase the challenge to Ecological engineers to design sustainable ecosystems, driven by renewable energies to benefit society and the environment. This paper introduces the field of Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) as an important source of ideas, inspiration and designs to help our profession meet this challenge. TEK refers to Ecological Knowledge and practices of indigenous and local cultures. Because these practices originated and evolved prior to the era of fossil-fuel dominance, they were designed and have continuously adapted to utilize renewable energies and resources. TEK is also well suited to sustainable design due to philosophical differences with Western science and culture. While Western culture views society as apart from and controlling ecosystems, indigenous cultures routinely see themselves as embedded within ecosystems. Because TEK has declined as the influence of Western culture has spread, there is an urgent need to identify and apply this Knowledge for future benefit. Collaboration with scientists can help raise the social standing of indigenous people and of TEK within their own communities, thus contributing to cultural survival while maintaining this information. Applications of TEK relevant to Ecological engineering including water management and agriculture in the Americas are highlighted.
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Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK): Ideas, inspiration, and designs for Ecological engineering
Ecological Engineering, 2010Co-Authors: Jay F. Martin, Eric D. Roy, Stewart A.w. Diemont, Bruce G. FergusonAbstract:In coming years society will be forced to adapt to lower energy levels due to projected declines in non-renewable energies. This will increase the challenge to Ecological engineers to design sustainable ecosystems, driven by renewable energies to benefit society and the environment. This paper introduces the field of Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) as an important source of ideas, inspiration and designs to help our profession meet this challenge. TEK refers to Ecological Knowledge and practices of indigenous and local cultures. Because these practices originated and evolved prior to the era of fossil-fuel dominance, they were designed and have continuously adapted to utilize renewable energies and resources. TEK is also well suited to sustainable design due to philosophical differences with Western science and culture. While Western culture views society as apart from and controlling ecosystems, indigenous cultures routinely see themselves as embedded within ecosystems. Because TEK has declined as the influence of Western culture has spread, there is an urgent need to identify and apply this Knowledge for future benefit. Collaboration with scientists can help raise the social standing of indigenous people and of TEK within their own communities, thus contributing to cultural survival while maintaining this information. Applications of TEK relevant to Ecological engineering including water management and agriculture in the Americas are highlighted. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Fikret Berkes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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rediscovery of traditional Ecological Knowledge as adaptive management
Ecological Applications, 2000Co-Authors: Fikret Berkes, Johan Colding, Carl FolkeAbstract:Indigenous groups offer alternative Knowledge and perspectives based on their own locally developed practices of resource use. We surveyed the international literature to focus on the role of Traditional Ecological Knowledge in monitoring, responding to, and managing ecosystem processes and functions, with special attention to Ecological resilience. Case studies revealed that there exists a diversity of local or traditional practices for ecosystem management. These include multiple species management, resource rotation, succession management, landscape patchiness management, and other ways of responding to and managing pulses and Ecological surprises. Social mechanisms behind these traditional practices include a number of adaptations for the generation, accumulation, and transmission of Knowledge; the use of local institutions to provide leaders/stewards and rules for social regulation; mechanisms for cultural internalization of traditional practices; and the development of appropriate world views and cultural values. Some traditional Knowledge and management systems were characterized by the use of local Ecological Knowledge to interpret and respond to feedbacks from the environment to guide the direction of resource management. These traditional systems had certain similarities to adaptive management with its emphasis on feedback learning, and its treatment of uncertainty and unpredictability intrinsic to all ecosystems.
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Rediscovery of Traditional Ecological Knowledge as Adaptive Management REDISCOVERY OF TRADITIONAL Ecological Knowledge
Ecological Applications, 2000Co-Authors: Fikret Berkes, Carl Folke, Ecological Applications, Johan Colding, No OctAbstract:Indigenous groups offer alternative Knowledge and perspectives based on their own locally developed practices of resource use. We surveyed the international literature to focus on the role of Traditional Ecological Knowledge in monitoring, responding to, and managing ecosystem processes and functions, with special attention to Ecological resilience. Case studies revealed that there exists a diversity of local or traditional practices for ecosystem management. These include multiple species management, resource rotation, succession management, landscape patchiness management, and other ways of responding to and managing pulses and Ecological surprises. Social mechanisms behind these traditional practices include a number of adaptations for the generation, accumulation, and transmission of Knowledge; the use of local institutions to provide leaders/stewards and rules for social regulation; mechanisms for cultural internalization of traditional practices; and the development of appropriate world views and cultural values. Some traditional Knowledge and management systems were characterized by the use of local Ecological Knowledge to interpret and respond to feedbacks from the environment to guide the direction of resource management. These traditional systems had certain similarities to adaptive management with its emphasis on feedback learning, and its treatment of uncertainty and unpredictability intrinsic to all ecosystems.
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sacred ecology traditional Ecological Knowledge and resource management
1999Co-Authors: Fikret BerkesAbstract:This book deals with the topic of traditional Ecological Knowledge specifically in the context of natural resource management. An issue of today is how humans can develop a more acceptable relationship with the environment that supports them. Growing interest in traditional Ecological Knowledge is perhaps indicative of two things: the need for Ecological insights from indigenous practices of resource use; and the need to develop a new Ecological ethic in part by learning from the wisdom of traditional Knowledge holders. This book explores both of these ideas together by treating traditional Ecological Knowledge as a Knowledge-practice-belief complex. This complex looks at traditional Knowledge at four interrelated levels: local Knowledge (species specific); the resource management system; social institutions; and worldview (religion, ethics, and defined belief systems). Divided into three parts that deal with concepts, practices and issues, respectively, the book examines many traditional Knowledge systems. It discusses the usefulness of traditional Ecological Knowledge in terms of providing an understanding, not merely information, which is complementary to scientific ecology. At the same time, the book explores a diversity of relationships that different groups have developed with their environment, using extensive case studies.
