The Experts below are selected from a list of 25704 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Kasper Kok - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Landscape asymmetry of soil organic matter as a source of agro-Ecosystem Resilience
Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 2011Co-Authors: D.f. Van Apeldoorn, Marthijn P.w. Sonneveld, Kasper KokAbstract:In agricultural landscapes, drivers at different spatial and temporal scales result in a non-random spatio-temporal variability of landscape characteristics. Patterns of soil organic matter (SOM) are for example controlled by both pedological and climatic factors as well as historic and current land use. The observed patterns linked to their generating processes can be referred to as the landscape asymmetry of SOM. In this paper we identify and evaluate landscape asymmetry of SOM in an agricultural landscape in the Netherlands. Subsequently we infer implications of applying the concept of landscape asymmetry for understanding agro-Ecosystem Resilience. We modeled SOM dynamics of grassland soils to identify dominant long-term drivers and combined and analyzed land use history and landscape characteristics to explain the spatial variability of SOM contents. Sensitivity analyses show that the dominant parameter for attainable SOM content is the mineralization rate of SOM. Results furthermore indicate, that SOM content is related to temporal variability in land use and to spatial variability of groundwater hydrology and soil texture. The landscape asymmetry of SOM provides windows of opportunities for farmers who wish to reduce fertilizer input. However, connecting landscape asymmetry to other scales reveals potential cascades of events that might undermine agro-Ecosystem Resilience.
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Landscape asymmetry of soil organic matter as a source of agro-Ecosystem Resilience
Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 2011Co-Authors: D.f. Van Apeldoorn, Marthijn P.w. Sonneveld, Kasper KokAbstract:In agricultural landscapes, drivers at different spatial and temporal scales result in a non-random spatio-temporal variability of landscape characteristics. Patterns of soil organic matter (SOM) are for example controlled by both pedological and climatic factors as well as historic and current land use. The observed patterns linked to their generating processes can be referred to as the landscape asymmetry of SOM. In this paper we identify and evaluate landscape asymmetry of SOM in an agricultural landscape in the Netherlands. Subsequently we infer implications of applying the concept of landscape asymmetry for understanding agro-Ecosystem Resilience. We modeled SOM dynamics of grassland soils to identify dominant long-term drivers and combined and analyzed land use history and landscape characteristics to explain the spatial variability of SOM contents. Sensitivity analyses show that the dominant parameter for attainable SOM content is the mineralization rate of SOM. Results furthermore indicate, that SOM content is related to temporal variability in land use and to spatial variability of groundwater hydrology and soil texture. The landscape asymmetry of SOM provides windows of opportunities for farmers who wish to reduce fertilizer input. However, connecting landscape asymmetry to other scales reveals potential cascades of events that might undermine agro-Ecosystem resilienc
Courtland L. Smith - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Reconnecting Social and Ecological Resilience in Salmon Ecosystems
Ecology and Society, 2009Co-Authors: Daniel L. Bottom, Kim K. Jones, Charles A. Simenstad, Courtland L. SmithAbstract:Fishery management programs designed to control Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) for optimum production have failed to prevent widespread fish population decline and have caused greater uncertainty for salmon, their Ecosystems, and the people who depend upon them. In this special feature introduction, we explore several key attributes of Ecosystem Resilience that have been overlooked by traditional salmon management approaches. The dynamics of salmon Ecosystems involve social–ecological interactions across multiple scales that create difficult mismatches with the many jurisdictions that manage fisheries and other natural resources. Of particular importance to Ecosystem Resilience are large-scale shifts in oceanic and climatic regimes or in global economic conditions that unpredictably alter social and ecological systems. Past management actions that did not account for such changes have undermined salmon population Resilience and increased the risk of irreversible regime shifts in salmon Ecosystems. Because salmon convey important provisioning, cultural, and supporting services to their local watersheds, widespread population decline has undermined both human well-being and Ecosystem Resilience. Strengthening Resilience will require expanding habitat opportunities for salmon populations to express their maximum life-history variation. Such actions also may benefit the “response diversity” of local communities by expanding the opportunities for people to express diverse social and economic values. Reestablishing social–ecological connections in salmon Ecosystems will provide important Ecosystem services, including those that depend on clean water, ample stream flows, functional wetlands and floodplains, intact riparian systems, and abundant fish populations.
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Guest Editorial, part of a Special Feature on Pathways to Resilient Salmon Ecosystems Reconnecting Social and Ecological Resilience in Salmon Ecosystems
2009Co-Authors: Daniel L. Bottom, Kim K. Jones, Charles A. Simenstad, Courtland L. SmithAbstract:Fishery management programs designed to control Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) for optimum production have failed to prevent widespread fish population decline and have caused greater uncertainty for salmon, their Ecosystems, and the people who depend upon them. In this special feature introduction, we explore several key attributes of Ecosystem Resilience that have been overlooked by traditional salmon management approaches. The dynamics of salmon Ecosystems involve social-ecological interactions across multiple scales that create difficult mismatches with the many jurisdictions that manage fisheries and other natural resources. Of particular importance to Ecosystem Resilience are large-scale shifts in oceanic and climatic regimes or in global economic conditions that unpredictably alter social and ecological systems. Past management actions that did not account for such changes have undermined salmon population Resilience and increased the risk of irreversible regime shifts in salmon Ecosystems. Because salmon convey important provisioning, cultural, and supporting services to their local watersheds, widespread population decline has undermined both human well-being and Ecosystem Resilience. Strengthening Resilience will require expanding habitat opportunities for salmon populations to express their maximum life-history variation. Such actions also may benefit the "response diversity" of local communities by expanding the opportunities for people to express diverse social and economic values. Reestablishing social-ecological connections in salmon Ecosystems will provide important Ecosystem services, including those that depend on clean water, ample stream flows, functional wetlands and floodplains, intact riparian systems, and abundant fish populations.
D.f. Van Apeldoorn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Landscape asymmetry of soil organic matter as a source of agro-Ecosystem Resilience
Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 2011Co-Authors: D.f. Van Apeldoorn, Marthijn P.w. Sonneveld, Kasper KokAbstract:In agricultural landscapes, drivers at different spatial and temporal scales result in a non-random spatio-temporal variability of landscape characteristics. Patterns of soil organic matter (SOM) are for example controlled by both pedological and climatic factors as well as historic and current land use. The observed patterns linked to their generating processes can be referred to as the landscape asymmetry of SOM. In this paper we identify and evaluate landscape asymmetry of SOM in an agricultural landscape in the Netherlands. Subsequently we infer implications of applying the concept of landscape asymmetry for understanding agro-Ecosystem Resilience. We modeled SOM dynamics of grassland soils to identify dominant long-term drivers and combined and analyzed land use history and landscape characteristics to explain the spatial variability of SOM contents. Sensitivity analyses show that the dominant parameter for attainable SOM content is the mineralization rate of SOM. Results furthermore indicate, that SOM content is related to temporal variability in land use and to spatial variability of groundwater hydrology and soil texture. The landscape asymmetry of SOM provides windows of opportunities for farmers who wish to reduce fertilizer input. However, connecting landscape asymmetry to other scales reveals potential cascades of events that might undermine agro-Ecosystem Resilience.
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Landscape asymmetry of soil organic matter as a source of agro-Ecosystem Resilience
Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 2011Co-Authors: D.f. Van Apeldoorn, Marthijn P.w. Sonneveld, Kasper KokAbstract:In agricultural landscapes, drivers at different spatial and temporal scales result in a non-random spatio-temporal variability of landscape characteristics. Patterns of soil organic matter (SOM) are for example controlled by both pedological and climatic factors as well as historic and current land use. The observed patterns linked to their generating processes can be referred to as the landscape asymmetry of SOM. In this paper we identify and evaluate landscape asymmetry of SOM in an agricultural landscape in the Netherlands. Subsequently we infer implications of applying the concept of landscape asymmetry for understanding agro-Ecosystem Resilience. We modeled SOM dynamics of grassland soils to identify dominant long-term drivers and combined and analyzed land use history and landscape characteristics to explain the spatial variability of SOM contents. Sensitivity analyses show that the dominant parameter for attainable SOM content is the mineralization rate of SOM. Results furthermore indicate, that SOM content is related to temporal variability in land use and to spatial variability of groundwater hydrology and soil texture. The landscape asymmetry of SOM provides windows of opportunities for farmers who wish to reduce fertilizer input. However, connecting landscape asymmetry to other scales reveals potential cascades of events that might undermine agro-Ecosystem resilienc
Shunlin Liang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Assessing Terrestrial Ecosystem Resilience using Satellite Leaf Area Index
Remote Sensing, 2020Co-Authors: Shunlin LiangAbstract:Quantitative approaches to measuring and assessing terrestrial Ecosystem Resilience, which expresses the ability of an Ecosystem to recover from disturbances without shifting to an alternative state or losing function and services, is critical and essential to forecasting how terrestrial Ecosystems will respond to global change. However, global and continuous terrestrial Resilience measurement is fraught with difficulty, and the corresponding attribution of Resilience dynamics is lacking in the literature. In this study, we assessed global terrestrial Ecosystem Resilience based on the long time-series GLASS LAI product and GIMMS AVHRR LAI 3g product, and validated the results using drought and fire events as the main disturbance indicators. We also analyzed the spatial and temporal variations of global terrestrial Ecosystem Resilience and attributed their dynamics to climate change and environmental factors. The results showed that arid and semiarid areas exhibited low Resilience. We found that evergreen broadleaf forest exhibited the highest Resilience (mean Resilience value (from GLASS LAI): 0.6). On a global scale, the increase of mean annual precipitation had a positive impact on terrestrial Resilience enhancement, while we found no consistent relationships between mean annual temperature and terrestrial Resilience. For terrestrial Resilience dynamics, we observed three dramatic raises of disturbance frequency in 1989, 1995, and 2001, respectively, along with three significant drops in Resilience correspondingly. Our study mapped continuous spatiotemporal variation and captured interannual variations in terrestrial Ecosystem Resilience. This study demonstrates that remote sensing data are effective for monitoring terrestrial Resilience for global Ecosystem assessment.
Nathan L. Engle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Adaptation policies to increase terrestrial Ecosystem Resilience: potential utility of a multicriteria approach
Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 2014Co-Authors: Ariane De Bremond, Nathan L. EngleAbstract:Climate change is rapidly undermining terrestrial Ecosystem Resilience and capacity to continue providing their services to the benefit of humanity and nature. Because of the importance of terrestrial Ecosystems to human well-being and supporting services, decision makers throughout the world are busy creating policy responses that secure multiple development and conservation objectives— including that of supporting terrestrial Ecosystem Resilience in the context of climate change. This article aims to advance analyses on climate policy evaluation and planning in the area of terrestrial Ecosystem Resilience by discussing adaptation policy options within the ecology-economy-social nexus. The paper evaluates these decisions in the realm of terrestrial Ecosystem Resilience and evaluates the utility of a set of criteria, indicators, and assessment methods, proposed by a new conceptual multi-criteria framework for pro-development climate policy and planning developed by the United Nations Environment Programme. Potential applications of a multicriteria approach to climate policy vis-a-vis terrestrial Ecosystems are then explored through two hypothetical case study examples. The paper closes with a brief discussion of the utility of the multi-criteria approach in the context of other climate policy evaluation approaches, considers lessons learned as a result efforts to evaluate climate policy in the realm of terrestrial Ecosystems, and reiterates the role of Ecosystem Resilience in creating sound policies and actions that support the integration of climate change and development goals.
