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Ian Ruthven - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • using top ranking sentences to facilitate Effective Information access
    Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 2005
    Co-Authors: Ryen W. White, Joemon M. Jose, Ian Ruthven
    Abstract:

    Web searchers typically fail to view search results beyond the first page nor fully examine those results presented to them. In this article we describe an approach that encourages a deeper examination of the contents of the document set retrieved in response to a searcher's query. The approach shifts the focus of perusal and interaction away from potentially uninformative document surrogates (such as titles, sentence fragments, and URLs) to actual document content, and uses this content to drive the Information seeking process. Current search interfaces assume searchers examine results document-by-document. In contrast our approach extracts, ranks, and presents the contents of the top-ranked document set. We use query-relevant top-ranking sentences extracted from the top documents at retrieval time as fine-grained representations of top-ranked document content and, when combined in a ranked list, an overview of these documents. The interaction of the searcher provides implicit evidence that is used to reorder the sentences where appropriate. We evaluate our approach in three separate user studies, each applying these sentences in a different way. The findings of these studies show that top-ranking sentences can facilitate Effective Information access.

  • Using top‐ranking sentences to facilitate Effective Information access
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 2005
    Co-Authors: Ryen W. White, Joemon M. Jose, Ian Ruthven
    Abstract:

    Web searchers typically fail to view search results beyond the first page nor fully examine those results presented to them. In this article we describe an approach that encourages a deeper examination of the contents of the document set retrieved in response to a searcher's query. The approach shifts the focus of perusal and interaction away from potentially uninformative document surrogates (such as titles, sentence fragments, and URLs) to actual document content, and uses this content to drive the Information seeking process. Current search interfaces assume searchers examine results document-by-document. In contrast our approach extracts, ranks, and presents the contents of the top-ranked document set. We use query-relevant top-ranking sentences extracted from the top documents at retrieval time as fine-grained representations of top-ranked document content and, when combined in a ranked list, an overview of these documents. The interaction of the searcher provides implicit evidence that is used to reorder the sentences where appropriate. We evaluate our approach in three separate user studies, each applying these sentences in a different way. The findings of these studies show that top-ranking sentences can facilitate Effective Information access.

Ryen W. White - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • using top ranking sentences to facilitate Effective Information access
    Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 2005
    Co-Authors: Ryen W. White, Joemon M. Jose, Ian Ruthven
    Abstract:

    Web searchers typically fail to view search results beyond the first page nor fully examine those results presented to them. In this article we describe an approach that encourages a deeper examination of the contents of the document set retrieved in response to a searcher's query. The approach shifts the focus of perusal and interaction away from potentially uninformative document surrogates (such as titles, sentence fragments, and URLs) to actual document content, and uses this content to drive the Information seeking process. Current search interfaces assume searchers examine results document-by-document. In contrast our approach extracts, ranks, and presents the contents of the top-ranked document set. We use query-relevant top-ranking sentences extracted from the top documents at retrieval time as fine-grained representations of top-ranked document content and, when combined in a ranked list, an overview of these documents. The interaction of the searcher provides implicit evidence that is used to reorder the sentences where appropriate. We evaluate our approach in three separate user studies, each applying these sentences in a different way. The findings of these studies show that top-ranking sentences can facilitate Effective Information access.

  • Using top‐ranking sentences to facilitate Effective Information access
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 2005
    Co-Authors: Ryen W. White, Joemon M. Jose, Ian Ruthven
    Abstract:

    Web searchers typically fail to view search results beyond the first page nor fully examine those results presented to them. In this article we describe an approach that encourages a deeper examination of the contents of the document set retrieved in response to a searcher's query. The approach shifts the focus of perusal and interaction away from potentially uninformative document surrogates (such as titles, sentence fragments, and URLs) to actual document content, and uses this content to drive the Information seeking process. Current search interfaces assume searchers examine results document-by-document. In contrast our approach extracts, ranks, and presents the contents of the top-ranked document set. We use query-relevant top-ranking sentences extracted from the top documents at retrieval time as fine-grained representations of top-ranked document content and, when combined in a ranked list, an overview of these documents. The interaction of the searcher provides implicit evidence that is used to reorder the sentences where appropriate. We evaluate our approach in three separate user studies, each applying these sentences in a different way. The findings of these studies show that top-ranking sentences can facilitate Effective Information access.

A. Herbon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Effective Information in Offline Stochastic Feedback and Optimal Control of Dynamic Systems: Results and Applications
    International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, 2013
    Co-Authors: A. Herbon
    Abstract:

    The concepts of Effective Information horizon (EIH) and Effective Information space (EIS) reflect the extent to which Information is required for optimally controlling offline dynamic systems in stochastic environments. These concepts can be applied to overcome the difficulties involved in forecasting that arise when considering future Information. Two approaches are utilized for modeling a given dynamic system. The first, denoted as pseudo-stochastic, is basically deterministic and considers the flow of uncertain future events by a superposition of the distribution functions of an event’s occurrence time. The second approach, the general stochastic model, considers all possible future scenarios. Several applications that are presented illustrate that when using only partial Information for determining optimal control, the performance of the dynamic system is almost identical to that when using full Information. The applications also illustrate that ignoring Information beyond the planning horizon leads to significant performance loss and may violate the constraints of a control problem.

  • Effective Information horizon length in measuring off-line performance of stochastic dynamic systems
    European Journal of Operational Research, 2004
    Co-Authors: A. Herbon, E. Khmelnitsky, Oded Maimon
    Abstract:

    Abstract In stochastic problems, several sources of complete (deterministic) and incomplete (stochastic) Information become available in the course of time. In this paper we introduce a `pseudo-stochastic' approach, which allows modeling a specific distribution of the event's occurrence time. This model shows the possible impact of future Information that is expected beyond the planning horizon, on the off-line evaluation of a dynamic system performance. By not considering the expected Information beyond the planning horizon, one obtains a non-accurate performance measure of the system. Since the computational time for performance evaluation increases with the increase of the amount of future Information, and since long-range forecasts are usually not accurate, we develop an analytic procedure to reduce the amount of required Information. In this paper we introduce a new concept––the Effective Information horizon (EIH)––that measures the segment of time on which future stochastic Information is relevant for evaluating the system's performance. The EIH length is found by mathematical analysis of the influence of future Information on a system's dynamics under a given control strategy. Although real-life examples show that the EIH is larger than the planning horizon, it is quite limited.

  • Effective Information for Offline Stochastic Feedback and Optimal Control of Dynamic Systems
    Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, 2003
    Co-Authors: A. Herbon, E. Khmelnitsky, Franco Blanchini
    Abstract:

    The impact of uncertain future events on decision making in a stochastic environment is modeled in this paper. Such modeling is presented for both feedback and optimal control problems. This research overcomes the difficulties of forecasting that arise when considering future Information. In this paper, we seek to find the minimum amount of Information (Effective Information) necessary to evaluating system performance offline or to optimally control a system. The existence of Effective Information is proved and a methodology for determining it is developed. It is also shown that ignoring Information beyond the planning horizon leads to significant performance loss and may even lead to violating the constraints of a control problem.

Ameer Al-nemrat - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • RCIS - Measuring sustainability for an Effective Information System audit from public organization perspective
    2015 IEEE 9th International Conference on Research Challenges in Information Science (RCIS), 2015
    Co-Authors: Alifah Aida Lope Abdul Rahman, Shareeful Islam, Ameer Al-nemrat
    Abstract:

    Information System (IS) auditing is the assessment of various controls, risk, and system development within IS infrastructures. Incorporation of sustainability within the existing audit process aims to enhance the execution of the IS audit for an Effective Information system. Commonly, the performance of an IS service is evaluated through quantitative scales such as Likert Scale. However, such measurement does not provide an accurate value of the audit context due to lack of precision. Our work attempts to address this limitation. In particular, we propose a Sustainability-driven Information System Audit (SISA) approach that integrates Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Fuzzy Set Theory (FST) to determine the performance of sustainability in IS focusing on the public organization. Sustainability consists of five dimensions as audit criteria, i.e., economic, environmental, resources, social and technology. These audit criteria are also contain sub-criteria such as cost, green IS…etc. In our case, the AHP is used to identify the relevance importance of the sustainability dimensions and its related attributes so that we can prioritize the relevant audit areas. The priority is then used to determine the level of the satisfactory of the IS sustainability using the FST. Finally, we provide a case study from the National Audit Department of Malaysia to demonstrate the applicability of our approach. The results show that this approach is useful for an Effective audit towards sustainability, where auditors are able to produce Effective justification for IS audit findings.

  • Analyzing Human Factors for an Effective Information Security Management System
    International Journal of Secure Software Engineering, 2013
    Co-Authors: Reza Alavi, Shareeful Islam, Hamid Jahankhani, Ameer Al-nemrat
    Abstract:

    Managing security is essential for organizations doing business in a globally networked environment and for organizations that are at the same time seeking to achieve their missions and goals. However, numerous technical advancements do not always produce a more secure environment. All kinds of human factors can deeply affect the management of security in an organizational context. Therefore, security is not solely a technical problem; rather, the authors need to understand human factors, which need adequate attention to achieve an Effective Information security management system practice. This paper identifies direct and indirect human factors that have impact on Information security. These factors were analyzed through the study of two security incidents of the UK’s financial organizations using the SWOT (Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) technique. The study’s results show that human factors are the main causes for these security incidents. Factors such as training, awareness, and security culture influence organizational strength and opportunity relating to Information security. People’s irrational behavior and errors are the main weaknesses highlighted in security incidents, which pose threats such as poor reputation and high costs.

Joemon M. Jose - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • using top ranking sentences to facilitate Effective Information access
    Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 2005
    Co-Authors: Ryen W. White, Joemon M. Jose, Ian Ruthven
    Abstract:

    Web searchers typically fail to view search results beyond the first page nor fully examine those results presented to them. In this article we describe an approach that encourages a deeper examination of the contents of the document set retrieved in response to a searcher's query. The approach shifts the focus of perusal and interaction away from potentially uninformative document surrogates (such as titles, sentence fragments, and URLs) to actual document content, and uses this content to drive the Information seeking process. Current search interfaces assume searchers examine results document-by-document. In contrast our approach extracts, ranks, and presents the contents of the top-ranked document set. We use query-relevant top-ranking sentences extracted from the top documents at retrieval time as fine-grained representations of top-ranked document content and, when combined in a ranked list, an overview of these documents. The interaction of the searcher provides implicit evidence that is used to reorder the sentences where appropriate. We evaluate our approach in three separate user studies, each applying these sentences in a different way. The findings of these studies show that top-ranking sentences can facilitate Effective Information access.

  • Using top‐ranking sentences to facilitate Effective Information access
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 2005
    Co-Authors: Ryen W. White, Joemon M. Jose, Ian Ruthven
    Abstract:

    Web searchers typically fail to view search results beyond the first page nor fully examine those results presented to them. In this article we describe an approach that encourages a deeper examination of the contents of the document set retrieved in response to a searcher's query. The approach shifts the focus of perusal and interaction away from potentially uninformative document surrogates (such as titles, sentence fragments, and URLs) to actual document content, and uses this content to drive the Information seeking process. Current search interfaces assume searchers examine results document-by-document. In contrast our approach extracts, ranks, and presents the contents of the top-ranked document set. We use query-relevant top-ranking sentences extracted from the top documents at retrieval time as fine-grained representations of top-ranked document content and, when combined in a ranked list, an overview of these documents. The interaction of the searcher provides implicit evidence that is used to reorder the sentences where appropriate. We evaluate our approach in three separate user studies, each applying these sentences in a different way. The findings of these studies show that top-ranking sentences can facilitate Effective Information access.