The Experts below are selected from a list of 114 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Pierluigi Mancarella - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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integrated Electricity Heat gas modelling and assessment with applications to the great britain system part ii transmission network analysis and low carbon technology and resilience case studies
Energy, 2018Co-Authors: Stephen Clegg, Pierluigi MancarellaAbstract:With the increasing interactions between the Heat, Electricity and gas sectors due to the introduction of low carbon Heating technologies, there is a need for models to assess the inter-sector interactions at a network level. This paper presents a novel integrated Electricity-Heat-gas transmission network model that considers Electrical and gas network flows coupled with the fuel requirements for the Heating sector. The latter is modelled at a nodal network level and on a half-hourly basis, building upon the high-resolution temporal and spatial Heat demand model presented in Part I. In particular, here the modelling is developed further to include an integrated Heat-Electricity-gas optimization to assess the operation of different Heating technologies, and particularly hybrid ones. More specifically, DC power flow modelling is coupled with steady-state gas network energy and transportation cost optimization to assess gas-Electricity price interactions, and with transient gas flow modelling for gas network operational studies. Numerical case studies are performed on the GB energy system, considering the evolution towards a low carbon future, the operation of hybrid dual-fuel Electric Heat Pump/gas boiler technologies, and the ability to alleviate gas network constraints. Resilience case studies considering nodal gas price implications under gas network supply shocks are also considered. The results show how pathways to electrify Heating and decarbonise the power sector can lead to a 75% reduction in carbon emissions of the Heat and Electricity sectors and that using hybrid Heating technologies can reduce conventional generation peaks by 24%. Additionally, it is shown that exploiting gas demand response can provide an additional resilience option to the gas network.
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Exploiting Electric Heat Pump flexibility for renewable generation matching
2017 IEEE Manchester PowerTech, 2017Co-Authors: Lingxi Zhang, Nicholas Good, Nick Chapman, Pierluigi MancarellaAbstract:With the increasing penetration of renewable energy sources in the modern Electric grid, it becomes more technically difficult and costly for system operators to balance generation and demand as traditional providers of flexibility (i.e., flexible generation) become uneconomic. Therefore new sources of flexibility are needed to maintain reliable operation. Flexible demand, including from Electric Heat Pump (EHP) resources, is one source of flexibility which can be utilised to cope with the uncertainty of renewable generation by providing demand response services. In this paper, a high resolution and granular domestic energy consumption model is applied, which uses a four-node Electrical analogue to represent the thermal characteristics of domestic dwellings. Then the performance of an EHP cluster coupled with dwellings is simulated. A control algorithm is designed to match the clusters Electric load with renewable generation profile. Recognising the potentially detrimental effect of EHP flexibility exploitation on end-user thermal comfort, the loss of comfort level of occupants is assessed. The possibility of significant thermal discomfort from renewable generation matching is demonstrated.
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probabilistic modeling and assessment of the impact of Electric Heat Pumps on low voltage distribution networks
Applied Energy, 2014Co-Authors: Alejandro Navarroespinosa, Pierluigi MancarellaAbstract:Electrification of Heating by making use of the Electric Heat Pump (EHP) technology powered by increasing shares of Electricity renewable sources is seen as a potential key approach to decarbonise the energy sector in many countries, and especially in the UK. However, the widespread use of EHPs in substitution of fuel boilers might cause significant issues in terms of Electrical distribution network impact, particularly at the low voltage (LV) level. This has not been addressed properly in the studies carried out so far also due to lack of available data and suitable models. In this light, this paper introduces a novel and comprehensive probabilistic methodology based on Monte Carlo simulations and a relevant tool to assess the impact of EHPs on LV distribution networks. Real Electricity and Heat profiles are taken as a starting point of the studies. Both Air Source Heat Pump (ASHP) and Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) types are modeled as black boxes with performance and Heat capacity characteristics changing with operating conditions according to manufacturers’ curves, addressing in particular the need for and impact of different types of Auxiliary Heating (AH) systems. A specific LV network analysis tool has been built that integrates the three-phase unbalanced power flow solution engine OpenDSS with the developed EHP models and is capable of properly addressing single-phase connections, adequately modeling the unbalanced nature of LV networks. Different metrics are used to quantify the impact of the considered technologies, with emphasis on thermal and voltage limits, according to current engineering standards. To cope with the many relevant uncertainties (EHP size, location in the network, operation pattern, reactive power consumption, network headroom, etc.), various case studies and sensitivity analyses have been carried out for representative suburban areas in the UK and for different scenarios in order to exemplify the developed methodology and illustrate the main drivers for impact and trends in the different cases. The tool can be adapted to perform studies for different situations and scenarios and can be used as decision making support by network operators, energy planners, policy makers, and so on, to better quantify the potential implications of large scale electrification of Heating.
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Participation of Electric Heat Pump resources in Electricity markets under uncertainty
2013 10th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM), 2013Co-Authors: Nicholas Good, Pierluigi Mancarella, Alejandro Navarro-espinosa, Efthymios KarangelosAbstract:This paper presents a model for calculating the optimal purchasing strategy in a day ahead market for an aggregation of domestic buildings utilising Electric Heat Pumps (EHP) to supply low grade thermal energy (for space Heating and domestic hot water). The model includes physical models of buildings and of thermal energy stores (TES). Uncertainty in outdoor temperature (hence space Heating demand and imbalance volume) and imbalance prices is modelled using a stochastic programming approach, whilst uncertainty in non-Heating Electricity and domestic hot water demand, and building occupancy (which is a determinant of space Heating demand) is accounted for through random assignation of synthetic profiles to buildings/scenarios. The effect on the purchasing costs of the presence and size of a TES and the effect of the size of the EHP are tested.
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decentralized participation of flexible demand in Electricity markets part ii application with Electric vehicles and Heat Pump systems
IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2013Co-Authors: Dimitrios Papadaskalopoulos, Pierluigi Mancarella, Goran Strbac, Marko Aunedi, V StanojevicAbstract:Realizing the significant demand flexibility potential in deregulated power systems requires its suitable integration in Electricity markets. Part I of this work has presented the theoretical, algorithmic and implementation aspects of a novel pool market mechanism achieving this goal by combining the advantages of centralized mechanisms and dynamic pricing schemes, based on Lagrangian relaxation (LR) principles. Part II demonstrates the applicability of the mechanism, considering two reschedulable demand technologies with significant potential, namely Electric vehicles with flexible charging capability and Electric Heat Pump systems accompanied by Heat storage for space Heating. The price response sub-problems of these technologies are formulated, including detailed models of their operational properties. Suitable case studies on a model of the U.K. system are examined in order to validate the properties of the proposed mechanism and illustrate and analyze the benefits associated with the market participation of the considered technologies.
V Stanojevic - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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decentralized participation of flexible demand in Electricity markets part ii application with Electric vehicles and Heat Pump systems
IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2013Co-Authors: Dimitrios Papadaskalopoulos, Pierluigi Mancarella, Goran Strbac, Marko Aunedi, V StanojevicAbstract:Realizing the significant demand flexibility potential in deregulated power systems requires its suitable integration in Electricity markets. Part I of this work has presented the theoretical, algorithmic and implementation aspects of a novel pool market mechanism achieving this goal by combining the advantages of centralized mechanisms and dynamic pricing schemes, based on Lagrangian relaxation (LR) principles. Part II demonstrates the applicability of the mechanism, considering two reschedulable demand technologies with significant potential, namely Electric vehicles with flexible charging capability and Electric Heat Pump systems accompanied by Heat storage for space Heating. The price response sub-problems of these technologies are formulated, including detailed models of their operational properties. Suitable case studies on a model of the U.K. system are examined in order to validate the properties of the proposed mechanism and illustrate and analyze the benefits associated with the market participation of the considered technologies.
Maurizio Sasso - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Integration of a Photovoltaic System with an Electric Heat Pump and Electrical Energy Storage Serving an Office Building
SDEWES Centre, 2019Co-Authors: Carlo Roselli, Francesco Tariello, Maurizio SassoAbstract:A renewable-based system able to meet pure Electric, space Heating and cooling loads of a small office building located in Southern Italy is evaluated here. The proposed energy conversion system is based on a photovoltaic plant, an Electric-driven Heat Pump and Electrical energy storage. Energy and environmental performance of this system has been evaluated by means of a dynamic simulation software changing photovoltaic nominal power (4.5-7.5 kW), battery capacity (3.2-9.6 kWh), and reference Electrical system. The aim of the paper is the energy and environmental comparison on monthly, as well as, on yearly basis between the proposed system and the reference conventional system. The conventional system is based on the power grid, a natural gas fired boiler and an Electric-driven chiller. The analysis here reported shows how monthly variation of Electric reference system, due to different monthly Italian Electricity mix production, influences the energy and environmental performance of the solar-based system. The proposed system guarantees high primary energy saving and equivalent carbon dioxide emissions reduction up to about 93%
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Integration between Electric vehicle charging and PV system to increase self-consumption of an office application
Energy Conversion and Management, 2016Co-Authors: Carlo Roselli, Maurizio SassoAbstract:Abstract The paper analyzes the introduction of a photovoltaic system satisfying Electric, space Heating and cooling demand of an office building located in southern Italy. The Electric load is due to an Electric Heat Pump, used to satisfy space Heating and cooling load, a pure Electric demand (personal computers, printers, lighting, etc.) and an Electric vehicle charged during working hours. Dynamic simulations to evaluate the energy and environmental performance of the analyzed system considering different photovoltaic peak powers (4.5–9.0 kW), Electric vehicle distance per day (40–120 km) and charging mode is carried out. The solar based system shows primary energy saving and equivalent carbon dioxide emission reduction higher than 40% in comparison to the reference conventional system based on a natural gas fired boiler, an Electric chiller and a diesel car. The results highlight that the solar energy system is more competitive when DC charging system is provided.
Laura Vanoli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a novel solar assisted Heat Pump driven by photovoltaic thermal collectors dynamic simulation and thermoeconomic optimization
Energy, 2016Co-Authors: Francesco Calise, Rafal Damian Figaj, Massimo Dentice Daccadia, Laura VanoliAbstract:This paper presents a dynamic simulation model and a thermo-economic analysis of a novel polygeneration system based on a solar-assisted Heat Pump and an adsorption chiller, both driven by PVT (photovoltaic/thermal) collectors. The aim of this work is to design and dynamically simulate a novel ultra-high efficient solar Heating and cooling system. The overall plant layout is designed to supply Electricity, space Heating and cooling and domestic hot water for a small residential building. The system combines solar cooling, solar-assisted Heat Pump and photovoltaic/thermal collector technologies in a novel solar polygeneration system. In fact, the polygeneration system is based on a PVT solar field, coupled with a water-to-water Electric Heat Pump or to an adsorption chiller. PVT collectors simultaneously produce Electricity and thermal energy. During the winter, hot water produced by PVT collectors primarily supplies the evaporator of the Heat Pump, whereas in summer, solar energy supplies an adsorption chiller providing the required space cooling. All year long, solar thermal energy in excess is converted into DHW (domestic hot water). The system model was developed in TRNSYS environment. 1-year dynamic simulations are performed for different case studies in various weather conditions. The results are analysed on different time bases presenting energetic, environmental and economic performance data. Finally, a sensitivity analysis and a thermoeconomic optimization were performed, in order to determine the set of system design/control parameters that minimize the simple pay-back period. The results showed a total energy efficiency of the PVT of 49%, a Heat Pump yearly coefficient of performance for Heating mode above 4 and a coefficient of performance of the adsorption chiller of 0.55. Finally, it is also concluded that system performance is highly sensitive to the PVT field area. The system is profitable when a capital investment subsidy of 50% is considered.
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thermoeconomic optimization of solar Heating and cooling systems
Energy Conversion and Management, 2011Co-Authors: Francesco Calise, Dentice M Daccadia, Laura VanoliAbstract:In the paper, the optimal thermoeconomic configuration of Solar Heating and Cooling systems (SHC) is investigated. In particular, a case study is presented, referred to an office building located in Naples (south Italy); for such building, three different SHC configurations were analyzed: the first one is based on the coupling of evacuated solar collectors with a single-stage LiBr–H2O absorption chiller equipped with a water-to-water Electrical Heat Pump, to be used in case of insufficient solar radiation; in the second case, a similar layout is considered, but the capacities of the absorption chiller and the solar field are smaller, since they are requested to balance just a fraction of the total cooling load of the building selected for the case study; finally, in the third case, the Electric Heat Pump is replaced by an auxiliary gas-fired Heater. A zero-dimensional transient simulation model, developed in TRNSYS, was used to analyze each layout from both thermodynamic and economic points of view. In particular, a cost model was developed in order to assess the owning and operating costs for each plant layout. Furthermore, a mixed heuristic–deterministic optimization algorithm was implemented in order to determine the set of the synthesis/design variables able to maximize the overall thermo-economic performance of the systems under analysis. For this purpose, two different objective functions were selected: the Pay-Back Period and the overall annual cost. Possible public funding, in terms of Capital Cost Contributions and/or feed-in tariff, were also considered. The results are presented on monthly and weekly basis, paying special attention to the energy and monetary flows in the optimal configurations. In particular, the thermoeconomic analysis and optimization showed that a good funding policy for the promotion of such technologies should combine a feed-in tariff with a slight Capital Cost Contribution, allowing to achieve satisfactory Pay-Back Periods.
Pradeep Bansal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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energy consumption modeling of air source Electric Heat Pump water Heaters
Applied Thermal Engineering, 2010Co-Authors: Grant Bourke, Pradeep BansalAbstract:Abstract Electric Heat Pump air source water Heaters may provide an opportunity for significant improvements in residential water Heater energy efficiency in countries with temperate climates. As the performance of these appliances can vary widely, it is important for consumers to be able to accurately assess product performance in their application to maximise energy savings and ensure uptake of this technology. For a given ambient temperature and humidity, the performance of an air source Heat Pump water Heater is strongly correlated to the water temperature in or surrounding the condenser. It is therefore important that energy consumption models for these products duplicate the real-world water temperatures applied to the Heat Pump condenser. This paper examines a recently published joint Australian and New Zealand Standard, AS/NZS 4234: 2008; Heated water systems – Calculation of energy consumption. Using this standard a series TRNSYS models were run for several split type air source Electric Heat Pump water Heaters. An equivalent set of models was then run utilizing an alternative water use pattern. Unfavorable errors of up to 12% were shown to occur in modeling of Heat Pump water Heater performance using the current standard compared to the alternative regime. The difference in performance of a model using varying water use regimes can be greater than the performance difference between models of product.