The Experts below are selected from a list of 165 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Clemens Posten - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Electrofiltration improves dead end filtration of hyaluronic acid and presents an alternative downstream processing step that overcomes technological challenges of conventional methods
    Engineering in Life Sciences, 2017
    Co-Authors: Gozde Gozke, Carolin Prechtl, Frank Kirschhofer, Gerald Brennerweiss, Ursula Obst, Nikolay Krumov, Clemens Posten
    Abstract:

    Hyaluronic acid (HA) dispersion obtained from the bacteria Streptococcus equi was concentrated by Electrofiltration. In the conventional downstream processing of HA, extraction and precipitation lead to increase in environmental issues, structural changes, and time and energy related costs. Using Electrofiltration as an alternative technology delivers solutions to these limitations. Experiments were conducted in order to test the applicability of Electrofiltration to downstream processing of the negatively charged HA. The structural changes and molecular weight distributions, often a consequence of the employed separation method, were tested by analysis of the initial dispersions and final products. In comparison to the conventional filtration, concentration factors were increased up to almost four times without any detectable structural change in the final product.

  • semicontinuous discharge of non newtonian filter cakes in Electrofiltration
    Chemical Engineering & Technology, 2013
    Co-Authors: Iris Pernernochta, Rui Miguel Martins Rodrigues, Yvonne Serve, Clemens Posten
    Abstract:

    A novel mode of operation for Electrofiltration is presented. The newly developed operation procedure allows for cake removal without disassembling the chamber. Highly viscous filter cakes are discharged from the filtration chamber by inserting air which permits a rapid restart of the process. The cleaning time could be reduced from about 10 min to a few seconds. The semicontinuous operation is liable to full automation and allows for cake discharge and filtration in a short period of time. In successive cycles was proved that the process efficiency is maintained using the same membrane. A fully continuous system can be accomplished by assembling several units in parallel in a single filtration press.

  • Electrofiltration as a purification strategy for microbial poly 3 hydroxybutyrate
    Bioresource Technology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Gozde Gozke, Carolin Prechtl, Frank Kirschhofer, Gisela Mothes, J Ondruschka, Gerald Brennerweiss, Ursula Obst, Clemens Posten
    Abstract:

    The biodegradable polyester poly-(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), produced by Ralstonia eutropha in batch and fed-batch processes, was purified by Electrofiltration. The protein film on PHB granules determines their high negative zeta potential, enabling the application of Electrofiltration as an integrated technology in the downstream processing of PHB. In order to determine the optimal purification parameters, various pressure and electric field strength conditions were tested. Electrofiltration of PHB at 4bars and 4V/mm provided an up to four times higher concentration factor than conventional filtration. FT-Raman spectroscopy demonstrated that Electrofiltration did not result in structural changes to the products. The study demonstrates the efficiency and practical advantages of Electrofiltration as a promising downstream step in the PHB production technology.

  • filtration kinetics of chitosan separation by Electrofiltration
    Biotechnology Journal, 2012
    Co-Authors: Gozde Gozke, Frank Kirschhofer, J Ondruschka, Gerald Brennerweiss, Ursula Obst, Stefan Heissler, Mirko Trutnau, Clemens Posten
    Abstract:

    Downstream processing of chitosan requires several technological steps that contribute to the total production costs. Precipitation and especially evaporation are energy-consuming processes, resulting in higher costs and limiting industrial scale production. This study investigated the filtration kinetics of chitosan derived from cell walls of fungi and from exoskeletons of arthropods by Electrofiltration, an alternative method, thus reducing the downstream processing steps and costs. Experiments with different voltages and pressures were conducted in order to demonstrate the effect of both parameters on filtration kinetics. The concentration of the biopolymer was obtained by the average factor of 40 by applying an electric field of 4 V/mm and pressure of 4 bars. A series of analytical experiments demonstrated the lack of structural and functional changes in chitosan molecules after Electrofiltration. These results, combined with the reduction of energy and processing time, define the investigated method as a promising downstream step in the chitosan production technology.

  • Pilot-scale press Electrofiltration of biopolymers
    Separation and Purification Technology, 2006
    Co-Authors: Ralph Hofmann, Tobias Käppler, Clemens Posten
    Abstract:

    Abstract Performing dead-end filtration of biopolymer dispersions remains an industrial problem, especially for large-scale biopolymer recovery and purification. Usually, alternative filtration processes such as cross-flow filtration is used for industrial scale biopolymer filtration. However, such filtration technology does not allow dewatering of the biopolymer dispersions up to high solids concentrations. Biopolymer solutions are usually highly viscous even at low concentrations which therefore complicates cross-flow filtration processes. Therefore, a significant need exists for a large-scale filtration technique which allows highly concentrated biopolymer dispersions to be dewatered. This work details the scaling-up of a pressurised dead-end membrane Electrofiltration process to pilot-scale. This process has the potential to greatly improve the dewatering of biopolymer dispersions. In collaboration with an industrial filter plate manufacturer, a pilot-scale plate electrofilter was developed especially for biopolymer recovery. Within this filter an electric field is superimposed on a conventional pressurised filtration process. Thereby, on one of the two membranes, of the two-sided filter chamber, only a thin surface layer is formed, while on the opposite membrane, the charged biopolymers are deposited by electrophoretic migration. Additional to the construction and initial operation of the pilot press Electrofiltration plant, the process is optimised and the influence of process parameters such as electric field strength and pressure were investigated. Using this pilot-scale electrofilter plate, filtration time could be reduced by greater than 90%, compared to a conventional press filter for the case study of xanthan polysaccharide dewatering from an initial concentration of 5 g/l. The final xanthan concentration after press Electrofiltration was 220 g/l. Furthermore, filtration fractionation processes can clearly be improved with respect to their selectivity. This is shown for the case study of the filtration of a binary biopolymer mixture consisting of xanthan polysaccharide and bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein.

Gordon C C Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • removal of micropollutants from municipal wastewater by graphene adsorption and simultaneous electrocoagulation Electrofiltration process
    Water Science and Technology, 2017
    Co-Authors: Gordon C C Yang, Peiling Tang, Chiaheng Yen
    Abstract:

    In this work the optimal operating conditions for removing selected micropollutants (also known as emerging contaminants, ECs) from actual municipal wastewater by graphene adsorption (GA) and simultaneous electrocoagulation/Electrofiltration (EC/EF) process, respectively, were first determined and evaluated. Then, performance and mechanisms for the removal of selected phthalates and pharmaceuticals from municipal wastewater simultaneously by the GA and EC/EF process were further assessed. ECs of concern included di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), acetaminophen (ACE), caffeine (CAF), cefalexin (CLX) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX). It was found that GA plus EC/EF process yielded the following removal efficiencies: DnBP, 89 ± 2%; DEHP, 85 ± 3%; ACE, 99 ± 2%; CAF, 94 ± 3%; CLX, 100 ± 0%; and SMX, 98 ± 2%. Carbon adsorption, size exclusion, electrostatic repulsion, electrocoagulation, and Electrofiltration were considered as the main mechanisms for the removal of target ECs by the integrated process indicated above.

  • performance and mechanisms for the removal of phthalates and pharmaceuticals from aqueous solution by graphene containing ceramic composite tubular membrane coupled with the simultaneous electrocoagulation and Electrofiltration process
    Chemosphere, 2016
    Co-Authors: Gordon C C Yang, Yingchun Chen, Haoxuan Yang, Chiaheng Yen
    Abstract:

    Abstract In this study, commonly detected emerging contaminants (ECs) in water, including di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), cephalexin (CLX), sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and caffeine (CAF), were selected as the target contaminants. A lab-prepared graphene-containing ceramic composite tubular membrane (TGCCM) coupled with the simultaneous electrocoagulation and Electrofiltration process (EC/EF) in crossflow filtration mode was used to remove target contaminants in model solution. Meanwhile, a comparison of the removal efficiency was made among various tubular composite membranes reported, including carbon fibers/carbon/alumina composite tubular membrane (TCCACM), titania/alumina composite tubular membrane (TTACM) and alumina tubular membrane (TAM). The results of this study showed that the removal efficiencies for DnBP and DEHP were 99%, whereas 32–97% for cephalexin (CLX), sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and caffeine (CAF). In this work the mechanisms involved in removing target ECs were proposed and their roles in removing various ECs were also discussed. Further, two actual municipal wastewaters were treated to evaluate the applicability of the aforementioned treatment technology (i.e., TGCCM coupled with EC/EF) to various aqueous solutions in the real world.

  • tubular tio2 al2o3 composite membranes preparation characterization and performance in Electrofiltration of oxide cmp wastewater
    Desalination, 2008
    Co-Authors: Gordon C C Yang
    Abstract:

    Abstract In this work, inside-out tubular TiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 composite membranes were prepared, characterized, and used for Electrofiltration of oxide-CMP (chemical mechanical polishing) wastewater obtained from a wafer fab in Taiwan. The extrusion method and sol-gel/slip-casting method were employed for fabricating the membrane layer of TiO 2 inside of the tubular substrate of Al 2 O 3 . A process of firing followed. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, permporometry, and molecular weight cut-off determinations have verified the prepared tubular products were indeed inside-out tubular TiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 composite membranes suitable for ultrafiltration applications. Experimental results of Electrofiltration have shown that the prepared tubular TiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 composite membranes are capable of removing a great extent of water quality criteria of concern from the target wastewater to yield permeate with a turbidity of lower than 0.75 NTU. Permeate thus obtained could be used for make-up water of cooling towers and other purposes.

  • Electrofiltration of silica nanoparticle containing wastewater using tubular ceramic membranes
    Separation and Purification Technology, 2007
    Co-Authors: Gordon C C Yang
    Abstract:

    Abstract In this work, two laboratory-prepared inside-out tubular TiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 composite membranes with a molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) of 95 kDa were evaluated for their capabilities in treating silica nanoparticle-containing wastewater by crossflow Electrofiltration. The silica nanoparticle-containing wastewater exemplified by oxide-CMP wastewater was obtained from a wafer fab and further characterized by various standard methods and apparatuses. The tested oxide-CMP wastewater was determined to have high contents of total solids and dissolved silica resulting in a high turbidity. The target wastewater also was found to have a rather high conductivity. Under a constant crossflow velocity, it was found that the filtration rate increased with increasing electric field strength and transmembrane pressure within some limits of magnitude. Experimental results have revealed that the laboratory-prepared tubular ceramic membranes are capable of removing a great extent of water quality criteria of concern to yield permeate with a turbidity of lower than 0.75 NTU. Thus, the filtrate is suitable for high-level recycling.

  • performance evaluation of a simultaneous electrocoagulation and Electrofiltration module for the treatment of cu cmp and oxide cmp wastewaters
    Journal of Membrane Science, 2006
    Co-Authors: Gordon C C Yang, Chiming Tsai
    Abstract:

    Abstract In this study, a self-designed simultaneous crossflow electrocoagulation/Electrofiltration (EC/EF) treatment module was evaluated for its overall treatment performance by treating chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) wastewaters including Cu-CMP wastewater and oxide-CMP wastewater. The critical electric field strengths for Cu-CMP and oxide-CMP wastewaters were determined to be 35 and 30 V/cm, respectively. Crossflow EC/EF performance tests were carried out based on the 2 3 − 1 fractional factorial design using the electric field strength, crossflow velocity, and transmembrane pressure as the operating parameters. Experimental results have shown that the permeate turbidities were all below 0.5 NTU for Cu-CMP and oxide-CMP wastewater treated under the optimal operating conditions. Besides, the removal efficiencies of total solids content, total organic carbon, and silicon for Cu-CMP wastewater were 88%, 64%, and 79%, respectively; whereas 86%, 71%, and 82%, respectively for oxide-CMP wastewater. In this study, the unit sludge yields resulted from the EC/EF process for both Cu-CMP and oxide-CMP wastewaters were found to be less than that of the traditional chemical coagulation process.

Ralph Hofmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Pilot-scale press Electrofiltration of biopolymers
    Separation and Purification Technology, 2006
    Co-Authors: Ralph Hofmann, Tobias Käppler, Clemens Posten
    Abstract:

    Abstract Performing dead-end filtration of biopolymer dispersions remains an industrial problem, especially for large-scale biopolymer recovery and purification. Usually, alternative filtration processes such as cross-flow filtration is used for industrial scale biopolymer filtration. However, such filtration technology does not allow dewatering of the biopolymer dispersions up to high solids concentrations. Biopolymer solutions are usually highly viscous even at low concentrations which therefore complicates cross-flow filtration processes. Therefore, a significant need exists for a large-scale filtration technique which allows highly concentrated biopolymer dispersions to be dewatered. This work details the scaling-up of a pressurised dead-end membrane Electrofiltration process to pilot-scale. This process has the potential to greatly improve the dewatering of biopolymer dispersions. In collaboration with an industrial filter plate manufacturer, a pilot-scale plate electrofilter was developed especially for biopolymer recovery. Within this filter an electric field is superimposed on a conventional pressurised filtration process. Thereby, on one of the two membranes, of the two-sided filter chamber, only a thin surface layer is formed, while on the opposite membrane, the charged biopolymers are deposited by electrophoretic migration. Additional to the construction and initial operation of the pilot press Electrofiltration plant, the process is optimised and the influence of process parameters such as electric field strength and pressure were investigated. Using this pilot-scale electrofilter plate, filtration time could be reduced by greater than 90%, compared to a conventional press filter for the case study of xanthan polysaccharide dewatering from an initial concentration of 5 g/l. The final xanthan concentration after press Electrofiltration was 220 g/l. Furthermore, filtration fractionation processes can clearly be improved with respect to their selectivity. This is shown for the case study of the filtration of a binary biopolymer mixture consisting of xanthan polysaccharide and bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein.

  • modelling two sided Electrofiltration of quartz suspensions importance of electrochemical reactions
    Chemical Engineering Science, 2005
    Co-Authors: Hans Saveyn, Ralph Hofmann, Paul Van Der Meeren, W Stahl
    Abstract:

    A new phenomenological model is proposed for two-sided Electrofiltration of incompressible micron-sized particles with infinite electric resistance and negligible surface conductivity under application of a constant pressure and voltage. The model includes pressure-driven filtrate generation, electroosmosis and electrophoresis effects. Corrections are also discussed for varying electric fields and suspension concentration changes during the Electrofiltration run due to a changing particle zeta potential as a consequence of the different electrochemical reactions occurring at the cathode and anode. The model, with the particle zeta potential as the sole adjustable parameter at each electrode side, appeared to fit very well to the experimental data, yielding physically sound zeta potential values. Electrofiltration experiments using both buffered and unbuffered quartz suspensions revealed the importance of electrochemical effects and the migration of hydroxide ions and especially protons into the filter chamber, altering the cake surface properties and even influencing the suspension particle flocculation state and as such the cake resistance and porosity. These effects may have biased modelling attempts and discussions regarding the beneficial effect of Electrofiltration in some cases in the available literature.

  • improvement of dead end filtration of biopolymers with pressure Electrofiltration
    Chemical Engineering Science, 2003
    Co-Authors: Ralph Hofmann, Clemens Posten
    Abstract:

    Abstract Solid/liquid separation of biopolymers such as polysaccharides and proteins is still a problem not solved sufficiently on a technical scale. The main objective of the presented work was to set up a process strategy in order to improve the recovery of biopolymers by dead-end filtration. One aspect was the investigation of the influence of the pH value, ionic strength and pressure on the filtration kinetics of the dead-end filtration of the polysaccharide xanthan. pH value and ionic strength have an impact on the hydrodynamic radius and the zeta potential of biopolymers, and thus they have an impact on the filter cake structure and the filtration kinetics. The main focus was set on the enhancement of the filtrate flux by an electric field. This process, called pressure Electrofiltration, leads to a drastic improvement of the filtration kinetics. The filtration time was thereby reduced from the range of hours down to minutes. Additionally another strategy was followed up, which aimed at an improvement of the specific filter cake resistance by changing process parameters like the pH and the ionic strength. These parameters influence the polymer–polymer and the polymer–water interactions and thus have an influence on the filter cake properties. Due to the great acceleration of the filtration kinetics the pressure Electrofiltration serves as an interesting alternative to the cross-flow filtration and the precipitation with alcohol for the separation of biopolymers.

  • pressure Electrofiltration in a new designed filter plate a very promising method for the biopolymer recovery
    GIT laboratory journal Europe, 2003
    Co-Authors: Ralph Hofmann
    Abstract:

    The classical dead-end filtration of a biopolymer containing dispersion is a very inefficient process, as the biopolymers, like the polysaccharide xanthan, form an almost impermeable filter cake. The results of this effect are a high specific filter cake resistance and long filtration times. For this reason precipitation with an alcohol combined with a centrifugation is often used to separate biopolymers from a fermentation broth. Especially the alcohol recovery by a distillation needs a lot of thermal energy and makes this biopolymer recovery process quite expensive. A new dead-end filtration process has been developed to overcome this problem.

  • Biopolymer recovery with the pressure Electrofiltration and determination of the biopolymer quality by MAS-NMR and FT-IR techniques
    Engineering in Life Sciences, 2002
    Co-Authors: Ralph Hofmann, Clemens Posten
    Abstract:

    The classical dead-end filtration of a biopolymer containing suspension is a very inefficient process, since biopolymers, like the polysaccharide xanthan, form an almost impermeable filter cake. The results of this effect are a high specific filter cake resistance and long filtration durations. For this reason, precipitation combined with centrifugation is often used to separate biopolymers from a fermentation broth. A new dead-end filtration process has been developed to overcome this problem. This process is the pressure Electrofiltration, with which the filtration kinetics can be improved drastically. In the experiments performed 99 % of the polysaccharides were recovered from the solution by the pressure Electrofiltration. Furthermore, the chemical structure of xanthan was examined with FT-IR and MAS-NMR spectra, before and after the pressure Electrofiltration. This was carried out in order to demonstrate a possible chemical or electrochemical reaction of the biopolymer during the Electrofiltration.

W Stahl - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • modelling two sided Electrofiltration of quartz suspensions importance of electrochemical reactions
    Chemical Engineering Science, 2005
    Co-Authors: Hans Saveyn, Ralph Hofmann, Paul Van Der Meeren, W Stahl
    Abstract:

    A new phenomenological model is proposed for two-sided Electrofiltration of incompressible micron-sized particles with infinite electric resistance and negligible surface conductivity under application of a constant pressure and voltage. The model includes pressure-driven filtrate generation, electroosmosis and electrophoresis effects. Corrections are also discussed for varying electric fields and suspension concentration changes during the Electrofiltration run due to a changing particle zeta potential as a consequence of the different electrochemical reactions occurring at the cathode and anode. The model, with the particle zeta potential as the sole adjustable parameter at each electrode side, appeared to fit very well to the experimental data, yielding physically sound zeta potential values. Electrofiltration experiments using both buffered and unbuffered quartz suspensions revealed the importance of electrochemical effects and the migration of hydroxide ions and especially protons into the filter chamber, altering the cake surface properties and even influencing the suspension particle flocculation state and as such the cake resistance and porosity. These effects may have biased modelling attempts and discussions regarding the beneficial effect of Electrofiltration in some cases in the available literature.

  • improvement of filtration kinetics by pressure Electrofiltration
    Separation and Purification Technology, 2002
    Co-Authors: Karsten Weber, W Stahl
    Abstract:

    Abstract The requirement to dewater finely dispersed products is rising world-wide. Because the flow resistance increases with decreasing particle size, the mechanical dewatering of fine particle suspensions is time-consuming. The Electrofiltration potential increases with the particle surface area. Therefore the combination of mechanical and electrical filtration seems to be an effective method to enhance the filtration kinetics. Experiments at the Institute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics (MVM) at the University of Karlsruhe (TH) showed that this combination results in an acceleration of the filtration kinetics. Thus the filtration time was less than half compared to traditional pressure filtration. If an electric field is applied in addition to pressure dewatering, four additional effects occur. On the one hand, the electrokinetic effects of electroosmosis and electrophoresis benefit filtration. The electrophoresis decreases the migration velocity of the particles. The electroosmosis moves the surrounding diffusive layer of the particles and promotes the filtration flow. On the other hand, electrolysis and a decrease in thermal viscosity occur. As a result of the applied electric field, the fluid is electrolytically decomposed and electrolytic gas is generated. This gas displaces water but also increases the electric resistance between the electrodes. The electric resistance of the bulk converts electrical energy into thermal energy, resulting in a temperature rise of the suspension or filter cake. An increasing temperature causes a lower viscosity and easier dewatering. These single effects and their influence on the process have to be known in order to succeed in industrial implementation of the process. The dewatering effect of the generated electrolytic gas can be calculated by a continuity balance. The change in viscosity can be eliminated by knowledge of the temperature. Based on the root equation of cake building filtration, Yukawa developed an equation for pressure Electrofiltration. The electrokinetic effects can be separated using this equation. The electroosmotic pressure and the electrophoretic coefficient can then be calculated if the filter media and bulk resistance are known. Experiments on a specially constructed pressure/electro filter showed that the acceleration of the filtration kinetics is mainly caused by electrophoresis. Electroosmosis only has a little effect. The bulk resistance, which mainly influences the filtration kinetics, will be abated by the electrophoretically reduced particle velocity.

Gozde Gozke - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Electrofiltration improves dead end filtration of hyaluronic acid and presents an alternative downstream processing step that overcomes technological challenges of conventional methods
    Engineering in Life Sciences, 2017
    Co-Authors: Gozde Gozke, Carolin Prechtl, Frank Kirschhofer, Gerald Brennerweiss, Ursula Obst, Nikolay Krumov, Clemens Posten
    Abstract:

    Hyaluronic acid (HA) dispersion obtained from the bacteria Streptococcus equi was concentrated by Electrofiltration. In the conventional downstream processing of HA, extraction and precipitation lead to increase in environmental issues, structural changes, and time and energy related costs. Using Electrofiltration as an alternative technology delivers solutions to these limitations. Experiments were conducted in order to test the applicability of Electrofiltration to downstream processing of the negatively charged HA. The structural changes and molecular weight distributions, often a consequence of the employed separation method, were tested by analysis of the initial dispersions and final products. In comparison to the conventional filtration, concentration factors were increased up to almost four times without any detectable structural change in the final product.

  • Electrofiltration as a purification strategy for microbial poly 3 hydroxybutyrate
    Bioresource Technology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Gozde Gozke, Carolin Prechtl, Frank Kirschhofer, Gisela Mothes, J Ondruschka, Gerald Brennerweiss, Ursula Obst, Clemens Posten
    Abstract:

    The biodegradable polyester poly-(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), produced by Ralstonia eutropha in batch and fed-batch processes, was purified by Electrofiltration. The protein film on PHB granules determines their high negative zeta potential, enabling the application of Electrofiltration as an integrated technology in the downstream processing of PHB. In order to determine the optimal purification parameters, various pressure and electric field strength conditions were tested. Electrofiltration of PHB at 4bars and 4V/mm provided an up to four times higher concentration factor than conventional filtration. FT-Raman spectroscopy demonstrated that Electrofiltration did not result in structural changes to the products. The study demonstrates the efficiency and practical advantages of Electrofiltration as a promising downstream step in the PHB production technology.

  • Electrofiltration of biopolymers spatially distributed process analysis
    2012
    Co-Authors: Gozde Gozke
    Abstract:

    In biotechnology the current downstream processing trends are directed towards integrated, faster and more effective processes. Electrofiltration is a hybrid method which is a combination of membrane filtration and electrophoresis in a dead-end process. Spatially distributed process analysis together with the applicability of Electrofiltration for technically important biopolymers such as PHB, chitosan and hyaluronic acid enables the implementation of the technology into industry. Umfang: III, 215 S. Preis: €46.00 | £42.00 | $81.00

  • filtration kinetics of chitosan separation by Electrofiltration
    Biotechnology Journal, 2012
    Co-Authors: Gozde Gozke, Frank Kirschhofer, J Ondruschka, Gerald Brennerweiss, Ursula Obst, Stefan Heissler, Mirko Trutnau, Clemens Posten
    Abstract:

    Downstream processing of chitosan requires several technological steps that contribute to the total production costs. Precipitation and especially evaporation are energy-consuming processes, resulting in higher costs and limiting industrial scale production. This study investigated the filtration kinetics of chitosan derived from cell walls of fungi and from exoskeletons of arthropods by Electrofiltration, an alternative method, thus reducing the downstream processing steps and costs. Experiments with different voltages and pressures were conducted in order to demonstrate the effect of both parameters on filtration kinetics. The concentration of the biopolymer was obtained by the average factor of 40 by applying an electric field of 4 V/mm and pressure of 4 bars. A series of analytical experiments demonstrated the lack of structural and functional changes in chitosan molecules after Electrofiltration. These results, combined with the reduction of energy and processing time, define the investigated method as a promising downstream step in the chitosan production technology.