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Abdurrahman Tanyolac - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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electrochemical treatment of simulated beet sugar factory wastewater
Chemical Engineering Journal, 2009Co-Authors: Guray Guven, Altunay Perendeci, Abdurrahman TanyolacAbstract:Abstract Electrochemical treatment of simulated beet sugar factory wastewater was studied as an alternative treatment method for the first time in literature. Through the preliminary batch runs, appropriate electrode material was determined as iron due to high removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand, COD, and turbidity. The effect of operational conditions, applied voltage, Electrolyte Concentration and waste Concentration on COD removal percent and initial COD removal rate were investigated through response surface methodology, RSM. In the set of runs, highest COD removal and COD initial removal rate were realized as 86.36% and 43.65 mg/L min, respectively, after 8 h at the applied voltage of 12 V, 100% waste Concentration with 50 g/L NaCl. Treatment conditions were optimized by RSM where applied voltage was kept in the range, Electrolyte Concentration was minimized, waste Concentration, COD removal percent and COD initial removal rate were maximized at 25 °C. Optimum conditions at 25 °C were estimated as 12 V applied voltage, 100% waste Concentration and 33.05 g/L Electrolyte Concentration to achieve 79.66% and 33.69 mg/L min for COD removal and COD initial removal rate, respectively. Kinetic investigations denoted that reaction order of electrochemical treatment reaction was 1.2 with the activation energy of 5.17 kJ/mol. These results support the applicability of electrochemical treatment to the beet sugar factory wastewater as an alternative advanced wastewater treatment method with further research.
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electrochemical treatment of simulated textile wastewater with industrial components and levafix blue ca reactive dye optimization through response surface methodology
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2008Co-Authors: Bahadir K Korbahti, Abdurrahman TanyolacAbstract:Abstract The electrochemical oxidation of simulated textile wastewater was studied on iron electrodes in the presence of NaCl Electrolyte in a batch electrochemical reactor. The simulated textile wastewater was prepared from industrial components based on the real mercerized and non-mercerized cotton and viscon process, being first in literature. The highest COD, color and turbidity removals were achieved as 93.9%, 99.5%, and 82.9%, respectively, at 40% pollution load, 8 V applied potential, 37.5 g/L Electrolyte Concentration and 30 °C reaction temperature. The electrochemical treatment of industrial textile wastewater was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), where applied potential and Electrolyte Concentration were to be minimized while COD, color and turbidity removal percents were maximized at 100% pollution load. In a specific batch run under the optimum conditions of 30 °C reaction temperature, 25 g/L Electrolyte Concentration and 8 V applied potential applied with 35.5 mA/cm 2 current density at 100% pollution load, COD, color and turbidity removals were realized as 61.6%, 99.6% and 66.4%, respectively.
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optimization of electrochemical treatment of industrial paint wastewater with response surface methodology
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2007Co-Authors: Bahadir K Korbahti, Nahit Aktas, Abdurrahman TanyolacAbstract:Abstract The electrochemical oxidation of water-based paint wastewater was investigated batch-wise in the presence of NaCl Electrolyte with carbon electrodes for the first time in literature. The electrochemical treatment conditions were optimized using response surface methodology where potential difference, reaction temperature and Electrolyte Concentration were to be minimized while chemical oxygen demand (COD), color and turbidity removal percents and initial COD removal rate were maximized at 100% pollution load. The optimum conditions were satisfied at 35 g/L external Electrolyte Concentration, 30 °C reaction temperature and 8 V potential difference (64.37 mA/cm 2 current density) realizing 51.8% COD and complete color and turbidity removals, and 3010.74 mg/L h initial COD removal rate. According to these results, the electrochemical method could be a strong alterative to conventional physicochemical methods for the treatment of water-based paint wastewater.
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optimization of electrochemical treatment of industrial paint wastewater with response surface methodology
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2007Co-Authors: Bahadir K Korbahti, Nahit Aktas, Abdurrahman TanyolacAbstract:The electrochemical oxidation of water-based paint wastewater was investigated batch-wise in the presence of NaCl Electrolyte with carbon electrodes for the first time in literature. The electrochemical treatment conditions were optimized using response surface methodology where potential difference, reaction temperature and Electrolyte Concentration were to be minimized while chemical oxygen demand (COD), color and turbidity removal percents and initial COD removal rate were maximized at 100% pollution load. The optimum conditions were satisfied at 35 g/L external Electrolyte Concentration, 30 degrees C reaction temperature and 8 V potential difference (64.37 mA/cm(2) current density) realizing 51.8% COD and complete color and turbidity removals, and 3010.74 mg/Lh initial COD removal rate. According to these results, the electrochemical method could be a strong alterative to conventional physicochemical methods for the treatment of water-based paint wastewater.
Steven R Raine - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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towards predicting the soil specific threshold Electrolyte Concentration of soil as a reduction in saturated hydraulic conductivity the role of clay net negative charge
Geoderma, 2019Co-Authors: Mcl J Bennett, Alla Marchuk, Serhiy Marchuk, Steven R RaineAbstract:Abstract The use of marginal quality water with saline and dispersive properties is set to become more prevalent in agricultural production given demands on freshwater resources. The threshold Electrolyte Concentration (CTH) is often used to define the suitability of such water, with irrigation practitioners seeking a general predictive model based on soil order. Recent work supports that the CTH absolute value is soil-specific, although there remains a requirement to identify the contribution of predictive factors in an effort to create a predictive function for the CTH. This work used 58 soils to explore the variability of the CTH within and between soil orders, subsequently comparing saturated hydraulic conductivity to leachate turbidity as a means to investigate CTH existing prior to the point of spontaneous dispersion. The role of clay net negative charge was investigated in terms of its relation to the CTH in an effort to move towards a predictive capacity for this soil-specific characteristic. Subsequently, it was demonstrated that the CTH was apparently described by net negative charge of clay particles, suggesting that surface interactions between clay particles and the bulk solution are important in governing soil stability from a soil-specific point of view The CTH occurred prior to the aggregate–dispersion threshold and was clearly soil-specific, even within a soil order. Future work is required to incorporate the ionisation potential and clay domain pressure models of soil stability to move towards a CTH predictive function based on quantified differences in soil mineralogy and charge characteristics, which is discussed.
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validating laboratory assessment of threshold Electrolyte Concentration for fields irrigated with marginal quality saline sodic water
Agricultural Water Management, 2018Co-Authors: A Dang, Mcl J Bennett, Alla Marchuk, Serhiy Marchuk, A J W Biggs, Steven R RaineAbstract:The use of marginal quality saline-sodic (MQSS) water for agricultural production is important in water limited environments and with a growing demand for food and fibre. Soil structural response to irrigation water quality is known to be a function of sodium contained in the irrigation water and the Electrolyte Concentration of that water. The threshold Electrolyte Concentration (CTH) is classically used to determine the suitability of water to be applied to a soil, and is usually conducted as a laboratory analysis utilising saturated hydraulic conductivity. This work aimed to validate the laboratory based semi-empirical disaggregation model approach to CTH against field soils where MQSS water had been applied for an extended period of time. Unirrigated locations proximal to long-term irrigation sites were paired to provide control conditions and the CTH was determined. Reduction in hydraulic conductivity from the control was determined as both observed and predicted data. Results supported validation of the approach, indicating the disaggregation model as useful for proactive planning of irrigation systems with regard to water quality and a good measure for identification of MQSS water as a strategic resource. Applicability of the results to irrigation guidelines was discussed with particular focus on removal of generalised guidelines and identification of what constitutes tolerable hydraulic conductivity reduction.
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quantifying the aggregation dispersion boundary condition in terms of saturated hydraulic conductivity reduction and the threshold Electrolyte Concentration
Agricultural Water Management, 2018Co-Authors: A Dang, Mcl J Bennett, Alla Marchuk, Andrew J W Biggs, Steven R RaineAbstract:Marginal quality saline sodic water will be important for agricultural production in water limited environments, and has been demonstrated as suitable for irrigation on a soil-specific basis. Suitability is usually demonstrated as the threshold Electrolyte Concentration (CTH), defined as a 10–20% reduction in saturated hydraulic conductivity. Others have suggested that the aggregate-dispersion boundary may be used as this threshold, which is also known as the threshold turbidity Concentration (CTU). Using a saturated hydraulic conductivity approach, this work sought to quantify the extent of reduction at the CTU and compare this to traditional CTH approaches to define the practicality of the thresholds. The CTU was determined as the point where dispersed clay was detected, and subsequently compared to the CTH with the difference between these compared within the measured domain. The reduction in saturated hydraulic conductivity from a Ca dominant stable condition was determined at each threshold value. It was found that saturated hydraulic conductivity at the CTU reduced by between 44 and 78% for the five Vertisol soils investigated, demonstrating that the CTU varied between soils and was substantially more than the 10–20% reduction in hydraulic conductivity at the CTH. Discussion on application of these thresholds to practical irrigation is provided, and suggests that irrigation water quality application can be optimised on a soil-specific basis. Results reinforce that management guidelines should not be based on the CTU, or at the aggregation-dispersion boundary.
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the soil specific nature of threshold Electrolyte Concentration analysis
2012Co-Authors: Mcl J Bennett, Steven R RaineAbstract:Maintenance of soil permeability is paramount to irrigation, especially as the use of saline-sodic waters increase. While research has shown that, soil permeability can be maintained under high sodicity conditions, provided the Electrolyte Concentration is sufficiently high, there is relatively little information depicting threshold Electrolyte Concentrations (TEC) relationships. Furthermore, even though TEC curves have been shown to be soil specific and dependent on soil properties such as clay mineralogy, clay content and organic matter content, guidelines for irrigation management in Australia do not currently acknowledge this. The work reported in this paper provides examples of TEC relationships for a range of soils from southern Queensland. Through correlation analysis, the work also investigates the role of clay content, mineralogy and organic matter in determining these relationships. Calculation of TEC curves for 6 south-eastern Queensland soils illustrated that TEC relationships are soil specific, even within soil orders; contrary to current guidelines. Additionally, correlation analysis revealed that there were no apparent relationships between the critical EC and SAR values (those determining TEC functions) and soil properties such as clay mineralogy, clay content and organic matter content.
Bahadir K Korbahti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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electrochemical treatment of simulated textile wastewater with industrial components and levafix blue ca reactive dye optimization through response surface methodology
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2008Co-Authors: Bahadir K Korbahti, Abdurrahman TanyolacAbstract:Abstract The electrochemical oxidation of simulated textile wastewater was studied on iron electrodes in the presence of NaCl Electrolyte in a batch electrochemical reactor. The simulated textile wastewater was prepared from industrial components based on the real mercerized and non-mercerized cotton and viscon process, being first in literature. The highest COD, color and turbidity removals were achieved as 93.9%, 99.5%, and 82.9%, respectively, at 40% pollution load, 8 V applied potential, 37.5 g/L Electrolyte Concentration and 30 °C reaction temperature. The electrochemical treatment of industrial textile wastewater was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), where applied potential and Electrolyte Concentration were to be minimized while COD, color and turbidity removal percents were maximized at 100% pollution load. In a specific batch run under the optimum conditions of 30 °C reaction temperature, 25 g/L Electrolyte Concentration and 8 V applied potential applied with 35.5 mA/cm 2 current density at 100% pollution load, COD, color and turbidity removals were realized as 61.6%, 99.6% and 66.4%, respectively.
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optimization of electrochemical treatment of industrial paint wastewater with response surface methodology
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2007Co-Authors: Bahadir K Korbahti, Nahit Aktas, Abdurrahman TanyolacAbstract:Abstract The electrochemical oxidation of water-based paint wastewater was investigated batch-wise in the presence of NaCl Electrolyte with carbon electrodes for the first time in literature. The electrochemical treatment conditions were optimized using response surface methodology where potential difference, reaction temperature and Electrolyte Concentration were to be minimized while chemical oxygen demand (COD), color and turbidity removal percents and initial COD removal rate were maximized at 100% pollution load. The optimum conditions were satisfied at 35 g/L external Electrolyte Concentration, 30 °C reaction temperature and 8 V potential difference (64.37 mA/cm 2 current density) realizing 51.8% COD and complete color and turbidity removals, and 3010.74 mg/L h initial COD removal rate. According to these results, the electrochemical method could be a strong alterative to conventional physicochemical methods for the treatment of water-based paint wastewater.
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optimization of electrochemical treatment of industrial paint wastewater with response surface methodology
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2007Co-Authors: Bahadir K Korbahti, Nahit Aktas, Abdurrahman TanyolacAbstract:The electrochemical oxidation of water-based paint wastewater was investigated batch-wise in the presence of NaCl Electrolyte with carbon electrodes for the first time in literature. The electrochemical treatment conditions were optimized using response surface methodology where potential difference, reaction temperature and Electrolyte Concentration were to be minimized while chemical oxygen demand (COD), color and turbidity removal percents and initial COD removal rate were maximized at 100% pollution load. The optimum conditions were satisfied at 35 g/L external Electrolyte Concentration, 30 degrees C reaction temperature and 8 V potential difference (64.37 mA/cm(2) current density) realizing 51.8% COD and complete color and turbidity removals, and 3010.74 mg/Lh initial COD removal rate. According to these results, the electrochemical method could be a strong alterative to conventional physicochemical methods for the treatment of water-based paint wastewater.
Mcl J Bennett - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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towards predicting the soil specific threshold Electrolyte Concentration of soil as a reduction in saturated hydraulic conductivity the role of clay net negative charge
Geoderma, 2019Co-Authors: Mcl J Bennett, Alla Marchuk, Serhiy Marchuk, Steven R RaineAbstract:Abstract The use of marginal quality water with saline and dispersive properties is set to become more prevalent in agricultural production given demands on freshwater resources. The threshold Electrolyte Concentration (CTH) is often used to define the suitability of such water, with irrigation practitioners seeking a general predictive model based on soil order. Recent work supports that the CTH absolute value is soil-specific, although there remains a requirement to identify the contribution of predictive factors in an effort to create a predictive function for the CTH. This work used 58 soils to explore the variability of the CTH within and between soil orders, subsequently comparing saturated hydraulic conductivity to leachate turbidity as a means to investigate CTH existing prior to the point of spontaneous dispersion. The role of clay net negative charge was investigated in terms of its relation to the CTH in an effort to move towards a predictive capacity for this soil-specific characteristic. Subsequently, it was demonstrated that the CTH was apparently described by net negative charge of clay particles, suggesting that surface interactions between clay particles and the bulk solution are important in governing soil stability from a soil-specific point of view The CTH occurred prior to the aggregate–dispersion threshold and was clearly soil-specific, even within a soil order. Future work is required to incorporate the ionisation potential and clay domain pressure models of soil stability to move towards a CTH predictive function based on quantified differences in soil mineralogy and charge characteristics, which is discussed.
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validating laboratory assessment of threshold Electrolyte Concentration for fields irrigated with marginal quality saline sodic water
Agricultural Water Management, 2018Co-Authors: A Dang, Mcl J Bennett, Alla Marchuk, Serhiy Marchuk, A J W Biggs, Steven R RaineAbstract:The use of marginal quality saline-sodic (MQSS) water for agricultural production is important in water limited environments and with a growing demand for food and fibre. Soil structural response to irrigation water quality is known to be a function of sodium contained in the irrigation water and the Electrolyte Concentration of that water. The threshold Electrolyte Concentration (CTH) is classically used to determine the suitability of water to be applied to a soil, and is usually conducted as a laboratory analysis utilising saturated hydraulic conductivity. This work aimed to validate the laboratory based semi-empirical disaggregation model approach to CTH against field soils where MQSS water had been applied for an extended period of time. Unirrigated locations proximal to long-term irrigation sites were paired to provide control conditions and the CTH was determined. Reduction in hydraulic conductivity from the control was determined as both observed and predicted data. Results supported validation of the approach, indicating the disaggregation model as useful for proactive planning of irrigation systems with regard to water quality and a good measure for identification of MQSS water as a strategic resource. Applicability of the results to irrigation guidelines was discussed with particular focus on removal of generalised guidelines and identification of what constitutes tolerable hydraulic conductivity reduction.
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quantifying the aggregation dispersion boundary condition in terms of saturated hydraulic conductivity reduction and the threshold Electrolyte Concentration
Agricultural Water Management, 2018Co-Authors: A Dang, Mcl J Bennett, Alla Marchuk, Andrew J W Biggs, Steven R RaineAbstract:Marginal quality saline sodic water will be important for agricultural production in water limited environments, and has been demonstrated as suitable for irrigation on a soil-specific basis. Suitability is usually demonstrated as the threshold Electrolyte Concentration (CTH), defined as a 10–20% reduction in saturated hydraulic conductivity. Others have suggested that the aggregate-dispersion boundary may be used as this threshold, which is also known as the threshold turbidity Concentration (CTU). Using a saturated hydraulic conductivity approach, this work sought to quantify the extent of reduction at the CTU and compare this to traditional CTH approaches to define the practicality of the thresholds. The CTU was determined as the point where dispersed clay was detected, and subsequently compared to the CTH with the difference between these compared within the measured domain. The reduction in saturated hydraulic conductivity from a Ca dominant stable condition was determined at each threshold value. It was found that saturated hydraulic conductivity at the CTU reduced by between 44 and 78% for the five Vertisol soils investigated, demonstrating that the CTU varied between soils and was substantially more than the 10–20% reduction in hydraulic conductivity at the CTH. Discussion on application of these thresholds to practical irrigation is provided, and suggests that irrigation water quality application can be optimised on a soil-specific basis. Results reinforce that management guidelines should not be based on the CTU, or at the aggregation-dispersion boundary.
-
the soil specific nature of threshold Electrolyte Concentration analysis
2012Co-Authors: Mcl J Bennett, Steven R RaineAbstract:Maintenance of soil permeability is paramount to irrigation, especially as the use of saline-sodic waters increase. While research has shown that, soil permeability can be maintained under high sodicity conditions, provided the Electrolyte Concentration is sufficiently high, there is relatively little information depicting threshold Electrolyte Concentrations (TEC) relationships. Furthermore, even though TEC curves have been shown to be soil specific and dependent on soil properties such as clay mineralogy, clay content and organic matter content, guidelines for irrigation management in Australia do not currently acknowledge this. The work reported in this paper provides examples of TEC relationships for a range of soils from southern Queensland. Through correlation analysis, the work also investigates the role of clay content, mineralogy and organic matter in determining these relationships. Calculation of TEC curves for 6 south-eastern Queensland soils illustrated that TEC relationships are soil specific, even within soil orders; contrary to current guidelines. Additionally, correlation analysis revealed that there were no apparent relationships between the critical EC and SAR values (those determining TEC functions) and soil properties such as clay mineralogy, clay content and organic matter content.
Yoshinobu Tanaka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a computer simulation of batch ion exchange membrane electrodialysis for desalination of saline water
Desalination, 2009Co-Authors: Yoshinobu TanakaAbstract:Abstract A computer simulation program including the principle of ① mass transport, ② current density distribution, ③ energy consumption and ④ limiting current density is developed for predicting desalinating performance of a continuous (one-pass flow) electrodialysis process. In this simulation the following parameters are inputted; ① membrane characteristics such as overall transport number, overall solute permeability, overall electro-osmotic permeability, overall hydraulic permeability, direct current electric resistance etc. ② electrodialyzer specifications such as flow-pass thickness, flow-pass width and flow-pass length of a desalting cell etc. and ③ electrodialytic conditions such as current density, Electrolyte Concentration in a feeding solution, linear velocity in desalting cells, standard deviation of normal distribution of solution velocity ratio etc. In a practical-scale electrodialyzer, Electrolyte Concentration in a desalting cell is decreased along a flow-pass and it gives rise to Electrolyte Concentration distribution. It causes electric resistance distribution and current density distribution. Solution velocities in desalting cells vary between the cells, and give rise to solution velocity distribution. In this simulation, these distributions are taken into account assuming that the frequency distribution of solution velocity ratio is equated by the normal distribution. Further, the influences of electrodialyzer specifications and elctrodialysis conditions described above on the performances of an electrodialyzer (desalting ratio, current efficiency, Electrolyte Concentration at the outlets of desalting cells, cell voltage, energy consumption, Electrolyte Concentration distribution, current density distribution, and limiting current density) are predicted. The simulation model is developed on the basis of the experiments and its reasonability is supported by the performance of electrodialyzers operating in salt-manufacturing plants.
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limiting current density of an ion exchange membrane and of an electrodialyzer
Journal of Membrane Science, 2005Co-Authors: Yoshinobu TanakaAbstract:Abstract The limiting current density of an ion-exchange membrane was measured using a small-scale electrodialysis apparatus and was expressed by the function of NaCl Concentration and linear velocity of a solution in a desalting cell. The limiting current density under a flowing solution in a desalting cell was understandable based on the Nernst-diffusion model assuming that the thickness of a boundary layer is equivalent to that of a diffusion layer, and expressed by the function of NaCl Concentration and linear velocity of a solution in a desalting cell. A spacer is usually considered to function as turbulence promoter. However, it seems block the main stream of laminar flow in a desalting cell, generate dead spaces between the spacer and a membrane and decrease the limiting current density. In order to increase the limiting current density, the solution velocity and the Reynolds number must be increased and create turbulent flow. In an ion-exchange membrane electrodialyzer, solution velocities in desalting cells are not uniform between the cells incorporated in a stack. This event produces Electrolyte Concentration distribution between the cells and current density distribution in an electrodialyzer. When an electric current reaches the limiting current density of an ion-exchange membrane at the outlet of a desalting cell in which velocity and Electrolyte Concentration are the least, the average current density applied to an electrodialyzer is defined as the limiting current density of the electrodialyzer. In this study, the solution velocity distribution was measured using a practical and a semi-practical electrodialyzer. Further, we computed the relationship between the standard deviation of normal distribution of linear velocities in desalting cells and Electrolyte Concentration at the outlet of the desalting cell in which velocity and Electrolyte Concentration are the least. Based on the above computation and the evaluation of the limiting current of an ion-exchange membrane, the limiting current density of an electrodialyzer was determined.