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Vladimir M Nikolic - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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novel ternary ni co mo based ionic activator for efficient alkaline water electrolysis
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2013Co-Authors: Sladjana Lj. Maslovara, Bojan B. Radak, Milica Marceta P Kaninski, Gvozden S Tasic, Ivana M Perovic, Petar Z Lausevic, Vladimir M NikolicAbstract:Abstract In this manuscript we have presented the results of the use of ternary ionic activator in the alkaline water electrolysis. Novel Ni–Co–Mo based ionic activator was added in-situ to standard electrolyte. Energy consumption of the alkaline electrolyzer was determined at different current densities and elevated temperatures. Energy saving was higher at higher temperatures and higher operating current densities. Results showed that the reduction in energy consumption using Ni–Co–Mo based ionic activator was about 17%, compared to standard 6 M KOH. SEM morphology investigation proved the deposition of nickel, cobalt and molybdenum species on the cathode, greatly increasing the active surface area. UV/VIS spectroscopy was used to monitor changes in the electrolyte composition during the Electrolytic Process, and results show the decrease in the ionic activator concentration in the 6 M KOH. Our experiments point out a strong possibility of the usage of these ternary ionic activators in industrial alkaline electrolyzers.
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raising efficiency of hydrogen generation from alkaline water electrolysis energy saving
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2010Co-Authors: Vladimir M Nikolic, Snezana M. Miulovic, Gvozden S Tasic, Aleksandar D Maksic, Djordje P Saponjic, Milica Marceta P KaninskiAbstract:Abstract This paper presents an attempt to make the alkaline Electrolytic production of hydrogen more efficient by adding in situ activating compounds in ionic and complex form. Cobalt and tungsten based ionic activators (i.a.), added directly into the electrolyte during the Electrolytic Process, reduce energy requirements per mass unit of hydrogen produced for about 15%, compared to non-activated system, for a number of current densities in a wide temperature range. Energy saving is higher at higher temperatures and on higher current densities. Structural and morphological characteristic of deposit formed on the cathode during the Electrolytic Process reveal very interesting and unique pattern with highly developed surface area and uniform distribution of the pores. Obtained deposit also exhibit a long term stability.
Bojan B. Radak - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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novel ternary ni co mo based ionic activator for efficient alkaline water electrolysis
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2013Co-Authors: Sladjana Lj. Maslovara, Bojan B. Radak, Milica Marceta P Kaninski, Gvozden S Tasic, Ivana M Perovic, Petar Z Lausevic, Vladimir M NikolicAbstract:Abstract In this manuscript we have presented the results of the use of ternary ionic activator in the alkaline water electrolysis. Novel Ni–Co–Mo based ionic activator was added in-situ to standard electrolyte. Energy consumption of the alkaline electrolyzer was determined at different current densities and elevated temperatures. Energy saving was higher at higher temperatures and higher operating current densities. Results showed that the reduction in energy consumption using Ni–Co–Mo based ionic activator was about 17%, compared to standard 6 M KOH. SEM morphology investigation proved the deposition of nickel, cobalt and molybdenum species on the cathode, greatly increasing the active surface area. UV/VIS spectroscopy was used to monitor changes in the electrolyte composition during the Electrolytic Process, and results show the decrease in the ionic activator concentration in the 6 M KOH. Our experiments point out a strong possibility of the usage of these ternary ionic activators in industrial alkaline electrolyzers.
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energy saving in Electrolytic hydrogen production using co cr activation part i
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2012Co-Authors: Snezana M. Miulovic, Sladjana Lj. Maslovara, Mina M Seovic, Bojan B. RadakAbstract:The manuscript presents a report on the improved efficiency of alkaline Electrolytic production of hydrogen by in situ adding directly into the electrolyte during the Electrolytic Process, cobalt and chrome based ionic activators. During electrolysis Process the ionic activators deposit on the surface of the Ni cathode electrode and form an active, porous structure of high surface area. This simple Process of adding in situ activating compounds directly into electrolyser is reducing the energy requirements per mass unit of hydrogen produced for about 15%, compared to non-activated system, for a number of current densities in a wide temperature range. Energy saving is higher at higher temperatures and on higher current densities. Structural and morphological characteristic of deposit formed on the cathode during the Electrolytic Process after in situ addition of activators, reveal interesting electrode surface pattern with highly developed surface area and uniform distribution of the pores. Obtained deposit also exhibit a long term stability.
Milica Marceta P Kaninski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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novel ternary ni co mo based ionic activator for efficient alkaline water electrolysis
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2013Co-Authors: Sladjana Lj. Maslovara, Bojan B. Radak, Milica Marceta P Kaninski, Gvozden S Tasic, Ivana M Perovic, Petar Z Lausevic, Vladimir M NikolicAbstract:Abstract In this manuscript we have presented the results of the use of ternary ionic activator in the alkaline water electrolysis. Novel Ni–Co–Mo based ionic activator was added in-situ to standard electrolyte. Energy consumption of the alkaline electrolyzer was determined at different current densities and elevated temperatures. Energy saving was higher at higher temperatures and higher operating current densities. Results showed that the reduction in energy consumption using Ni–Co–Mo based ionic activator was about 17%, compared to standard 6 M KOH. SEM morphology investigation proved the deposition of nickel, cobalt and molybdenum species on the cathode, greatly increasing the active surface area. UV/VIS spectroscopy was used to monitor changes in the electrolyte composition during the Electrolytic Process, and results show the decrease in the ionic activator concentration in the 6 M KOH. Our experiments point out a strong possibility of the usage of these ternary ionic activators in industrial alkaline electrolyzers.
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raising efficiency of hydrogen generation from alkaline water electrolysis energy saving
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2010Co-Authors: Vladimir M Nikolic, Snezana M. Miulovic, Gvozden S Tasic, Aleksandar D Maksic, Djordje P Saponjic, Milica Marceta P KaninskiAbstract:Abstract This paper presents an attempt to make the alkaline Electrolytic production of hydrogen more efficient by adding in situ activating compounds in ionic and complex form. Cobalt and tungsten based ionic activators (i.a.), added directly into the electrolyte during the Electrolytic Process, reduce energy requirements per mass unit of hydrogen produced for about 15%, compared to non-activated system, for a number of current densities in a wide temperature range. Energy saving is higher at higher temperatures and on higher current densities. Structural and morphological characteristic of deposit formed on the cathode during the Electrolytic Process reveal very interesting and unique pattern with highly developed surface area and uniform distribution of the pores. Obtained deposit also exhibit a long term stability.
Valgene L Dunham - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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reduction of bacteria on spinach lettuce and surfaces in food service areas using neutral electrolyzed oxidizing water
Food Microbiology, 2008Co-Authors: Jane L Guentzel, Kang Liang Lam, Michael A Callan, Stuart A Emmons, Valgene L DunhamAbstract:Food safety issues and increases in food borne illnesses have promulgated the development of new sanitation methods to eliminate pathogenic organisms on foods and surfaces in food service areas. Electrolyzed oxidizing water (EO water) shows promise as an environmentally friendly broad spectrum microbial decontamination agent. EO water is generated by the passage of a dilute salt solution ( approximately 1% NaCl) through an electrochemical cell. This Electrolytic Process converts chloride ions and water molecules into chlorine oxidants (Cl(2), HOCl/ClO(-)). At a near-neutral pH (pH 6.3-6.5), the predominant chemical species is the highly biocidal hypochlorous acid species (HOCl) with the oxidation reduction potential (ORP) of the solution ranging from 800 to 900mV. The biocidal activity of near-neutral EO water was evaluated at 25 degrees C using pure cultures of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Enterococcus faecalis. Treatment of these organisms, in pure culture, with EO water at concentrations of 20, 50, 100, and 120ppm total residual chlorine (TRC) and 10min of contact time resulted in 100% inactivation of all five organisms (reduction of 6.1-6.7log(10)CFU/mL). Spray treatment of surfaces in food service areas with EO water containing 278-310ppm TRC (pH 6.38) resulted in a 79-100% reduction of microbial growth. Dip (10min) treatment of spinach at 100 and 120ppm TRC resulted in a 4.0-5.0log(10)CFU/mL reduction of bacterial counts for all organisms tested. Dipping (10min) of lettuce at 100 and 120ppm TRC reduced bacterial counts of E. coli by 0.24-0.25log(10)CFU/mL and reduced all other organisms by 2.43-3.81log(10)CFU/mL.
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reduction of bacteria on spinach lettuce and surfaces in food service areas using neutral electrolyzed oxidizing water
Food Microbiology, 2008Co-Authors: Jane L Guentzel, Michael A Callan, Stuart A Emmons, Valgene L DunhamAbstract:Abstract Food safety issues and increases in food borne illnesses have promulgated the development of new sanitation methods to eliminate pathogenic organisms on foods and surfaces in food service areas. Electrolyzed oxidizing water (EO water) shows promise as an environmentally friendly broad spectrum microbial decontamination agent. EO water is generated by the passage of a dilute salt solution (∼1% NaCl) through an electrochemical cell. This Electrolytic Process converts chloride ions and water molecules into chlorine oxidants (Cl2, HOCl/ClO−). At a near-neutral pH (pH 6.3–6.5), the predominant chemical species is the highly biocidal hypochlorous acid species (HOCl) with the oxidation reduction potential (ORP) of the solution ranging from 800 to 900 mV. The biocidal activity of near-neutral EO water was evaluated at 25 °C using pure cultures of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Enterococcus faecalis. Treatment of these organisms, in pure culture, with EO water at concentrations of 20, 50, 100, and 120 ppm total residual chlorine (TRC) and 10 min of contact time resulted in 100% inactivation of all five organisms (reduction of 6.1–6.7 log10 CFU/mL). Spray treatment of surfaces in food service areas with EO water containing 278–310 ppm TRC (pH 6.38) resulted in a 79–100% reduction of microbial growth. Dip (10 min) treatment of spinach at 100 and 120 ppm TRC resulted in a 4.0–5.0 log10 CFU/mL reduction of bacterial counts for all organisms tested. Dipping (10 min) of lettuce at 100 and 120 ppm TRC reduced bacterial counts of E. coli by 0.24–0.25 log10 CFU/mL and reduced all other organisms by 2.43–3.81 log10 CFU/mL.
A Matthews - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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frequency response studies for the plasma Electrolytic oxidation Process
Surface & Coatings Technology, 2007Co-Authors: E V Parfenov, Aleksey Yerokhin, A MatthewsAbstract:Abstract This paper introduces a methodology for obtaining a fundamental characteristic of the plasma Electrolytic Process — that is the frequency response (magnitude and phase angle). A methodology is developed for plasma Electrolytic oxidation (PEO) of aluminium; however, it can be applied to any plasma Electrolytic Process. For PEO the frequency response was evaluated as a complex impedance of the electrolyser. It was found that the impedance magnitude decreases with frequency growth from 103–104 to 10–102 Ω and the phase angle decreases from 0 to − 70 − 80°. This fact appears to be consistent with a hypothesis of active–capacitive load behaviour for the PEO Process. Evolution of the frequency response during PEO is consistent with that of the surface state; therefore, it can be used for Process diagnostics and control. Frequency response adds a new dimension to the investigation of plasma assisted electrochemical Processes. Major benefits of this approach are expected in the field of the Process automation and the development of new pulsed plasma Electrolytic technologies.
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deposition of duplex al2o3 dlc coatings on al alloys for tribological applications using a combined micro arc oxidation and plasma immersion ion implantation technique
Surface & Coatings Technology, 2000Co-Authors: Xueyuan Nie, A D Wilson, A Leyland, A MatthewsAbstract:Abstract Micro-arc discharge oxidation (MDO) is a cost-effective plasma Electrolytic Process which can be used to improve the wear resistance of aluminium alloy parts by creating a hard thick alumina coating on the component surface. However, for sliding wear applications, such alumina coatings often exhibit relatively high friction coefficients against many counterface materials. Therefore, a duplex treatment, combining a load-supporting MDO alumina layer with a low friction diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating, produced by a modified plasma-immersion ion implantation (PI 3 ) Process, has been investigated. PI 3 provides a flexible method of implanting ions into complex-shaped parts using a low temperature, low voltage plasma onto which high voltage pulses are superimposed. It can also be used to enhance the adhesion and growth characteristics of films formed under plasma conditions. In this work, a weakly-ionized, hot-filament supported low-voltage argon–acetylene plasma (with C 2 H 2 /Ar ratios from 1.0 to 0.15) was used, in combination with a low-frequency dc pulse voltage PI 3 system (in this case 100 μs, 5 kV pulses at 850 Hz) to deposit a low friction DLC top layer onto MDO-treated Al alloy coupons. Microhardness measurements and pin-on-disc sliding wear tests were performed to evaluate the mechanical and tribological properties. Ball-on-plate impact tests were also carried out to assess coating layer adhesion/cohesion. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe coating morphology, and to examine wear scars from pin-on-disc tests and crater scars from impact tests. The work demonstrates that a hard and uniform DLC coating, with good adhesion and a low coefficient of friction, can be successfully deposited on top of an alumina intermediate layer, which provides excellent load support; such that the coating can withstand much higher contact stresses than would normally be the case with aluminium-alloy substrate materials. The C 2 H 2 /Ar ratio significantly influences the interfacial adhesion between the DLC and alumina layers, but has no significant effect on coating hardness. It is suggested that the C 2 H 2 /Ar ratio should be selected in the range of 0.25–0.35 to obtain a hard a-C:H carbon film with low-hydrogen-content and excellent adhesion. The investigations indicate that a duplex combination of micro-arc oxidation and PI 3 represents a promising technique for surface modification of Al-alloys for tribological applications in which high contact loads are anticipated.