The Experts below are selected from a list of 10125 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Chris Bullen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Electronic Cigarette users profile utilization satisfaction and perceived efficacy
Addiction, 2011Co-Authors: Jean-françois Etter, Chris BullenAbstract:Aims To assess the profile, utilization patterns, satisfaction and perceived effects among users of Electronic Cigarettes (‘e-Cigarettes’). Design and Setting Internet survey in English and French in 2010. Measurements Online questionnaire. Participants Visitors of websites and online discussion forums dedicated to e-Cigarettes and to smoking cessation. Findings There were 3587 participants (70% former tobacco smokers, 61% men, mean age 41 years). The median duration of Electronic Cigarette use was 3 months, users drew 120 puffs/day and used five refills/day. Almost all (97%) used e-Cigarettes containing nicotine. Daily users spent $33 per month on these products. Most (96%) said the e-Cigarette helped them to quit smoking or reduce their smoking (92%). Reasons for using the e-Cigaretteincludedtheperceptionthatitwaslesstoxicthantobacco(84%),todealwithcravingfortobacco(79%)and withdrawal symptoms (67%), to quit smoking or avoid relapsing (77%), because it was cheaper than smoking (57%) and to deal with situations where smoking was prohibited (39%). Most ex-smokers (79%) feared they might relapse to smoking if they stopped using the e-Cigarette. Users of nicotine-containing e-Cigarettes reported better relief of withdrawalandagreatereffectonsmokingcessationthanthoseusingnon-nicotinee-Cigarettes.Conclusions E-Cigarettes were used much as people would use nicotine replacement medications: by former smokers to avoid relapse or as an aid tocutdownorquitsmoking.Furtherresearchshouldevaluatethesafetyandefficacyof e-Cigarettesforadministration of nicotine and other substances, and for quitting and relapse prevention.
-
Electronic Cigarette: Users profile, utilization, satisfaction and perceived efficacy
Addiction, 2011Co-Authors: Jean-françois Etter, Chris BullenAbstract:AIMS: To assess the profile, utilization patterns, satisfaction and perceived effects among users of Electronic Cigarettes ('e-Cigarettes').\n\nDESIGN AND SETTING: Internet survey in English and French in 2010.\n\nMEASUREMENTS: Online questionnaire.\n\nPARTICIPANTS: Visitors of websites and online discussion forums dedicated to e-Cigarettes and to smoking cessation.\n\nFINDINGS: There were 3587 participants (70% former tobacco smokers, 61% men, mean age 41 years). The median duration of Electronic Cigarette use was 3 months, users drew 120 puffs/day and used five refills/day. Almost all (97%) used e-Cigarettes containing nicotine. Daily users spent $33 per month on these products. Most (96%) said the e-Cigarette helped them to quit smoking or reduce their smoking (92%). Reasons for using the e-Cigarette included the perception that it was less toxic than tobacco (84%), to deal with craving for tobacco (79%) and withdrawal symptoms (67%), to quit smoking or avoid relapsing (77%), because it was cheaper than smoking (57%) and to deal with situations where smoking was prohibited (39%). Most ex-smokers (79%) feared they might relapse to smoking if they stopped using the e-Cigarette. Users of nicotine-containing e-Cigarettes reported better relief of withdrawal and a greater effect on smoking cessation than those using non-nicotine e-Cigarettes.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: E-Cigarettes were used much as people would use nicotine replacement medications: by former smokers to avoid relapse or as an aid to cut down or quit smoking. Further research should evaluate the safety and efficacy of e-Cigarettes for administration of nicotine and other substances, and for quitting and relapse prevention.
Pamela M. Ling - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
smoking revolution a content analysis of Electronic Cigarette retail websites
American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2014Co-Authors: Rachel A. Grana, Pamela M. LingAbstract:Background Electronic Cigarettes (e-Cigarettes) have been increasingly available and marketed in the U.S. since 2007. As patterns of product adoption are frequently driven and reinforced by marketing, it is important to understand the marketing claims encountered by consumers. Purpose To describe the main advertising claims made on branded e-Cigarette retail websites. Methods Websites were retrieved from two major search engines in 2011 using iterative searches with the following terms: Electronic Cigarette, e-Cigarette, e-cig, and personal vaporizer. Fifty-nine websites met inclusion criteria, and 13 marketing claims were coded for main marketing messages in 2012. Results Ninety-five percent of the websites made explicit or implicit health-related claims, 64% had a smoking cessation–related claim, 22% featured doctors, and 76% claimed that the product does not produce secondhand smoke. Comparisons to Cigarettes included claims that e-Cigarettes were cleaner (95%) and cheaper (93%). Eighty-eight percent stated that the product could be smoked anywhere and 71% mentioned using the product to circumvent clean air policies. Candy, fruit, and coffee flavors were offered on most sites. Youthful appeals included images or claims of modernity (73%); increased social status (44%); enhanced social activity (32%); romance (31%); and use by celebrities (22%). Conclusions Health claims and smoking-cessation messages that are unsupported by current scientific evidence are frequently used to sell e-Cigarettes. Implied and overt health claims, the presence of doctors on websites, celebrity endorsements, and the use of characterizing flavors should be prohibited.
-
"Smoking revolution": A content analysis of Electronic Cigarette retail websites
American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2014Co-Authors: Rachel A. Grana, Pamela M. LingAbstract:Background Electronic Cigarettes (e-Cigarettes) have been increasingly available and marketed in the U.S. since 2007. As patterns of product adoption are frequently driven and reinforced by marketing, it is important to understand the marketing claims encountered by consumers. Purpose To describe the main advertising claims made on branded e-Cigarette retail websites. Methods Websites were retrieved from two major search engines in 2011 using iterative searches with the following terms: Electronic Cigarette, e-Cigarette, e-cig, and personal vaporizer. Fifty-nine websites met inclusion criteria, and 13 marketing claims were coded for main marketing messages in 2012. Results Ninety-five percent of the websites made explicit or implicit health-related claims, 64% had a smoking cessation-related claim, 22% featured doctors, and 76% claimed that the product does not produce secondhand smoke. Comparisons to Cigarettes included claims that e-Cigarettes were cleaner (95%) and cheaper (93%). Eighty-eight percent stated that the product could be smoked anywhere and 71% mentioned using the product to circumvent clean air policies. Candy, fruit, and coffee flavors were offered on most sites. Youthful appeals included images or claims of modernity (73%); increased social status (44%); enhanced social activity (32%); romance (31%); and use by celebrities (22%). Conclusions Health claims and smoking-cessation messages that are unsupported by current scientific evidence are frequently used to sell e-Cigarettes. Implied and overt health claims, the presence of doctors on websites, celebrity endorsements, and the use of characterizing flavors should be prohibited. © 2014 American Journal of Preventive Medicine.
David B Abrams - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
patterns of Electronic Cigarette use among adults in the united states
Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 2016Co-Authors: Cristine D Delnevo, Daniel P Giovenco, Michael B Steinberg, Andrea C Villanti, Jennifer L Pearson, Raymond Niaura, David B AbramsAbstract:INTRODUCTION: Amid increasing rates of Electronic Cigarette (e-Cigarette) use in the United States, there is an urgent need to monitor patterns of use at the population level in order to inform practice, policy and regulation. This article examines how patterns of e-Cigarette use among adults differ between users and nonusers of Cigarettes using the most current national data. METHODS: We analyzed data from the 2014 National Health Interview Survey. We estimated prevalence of ever, current, and daily e-Cigarette use and examined how use patterns differed by demographic subgroups and measures of Cigarette smoking status that accounted for the recent availability of e-Cigarettes in the US marketplace. RESULTS: Current e-Cigarette use is extremely low among never Cigarette smokers (0.4%) and former smokers who quit Cigarettes 4 or more years ago (0.8%). Although e-Cigarette experimentation is most common among current Cigarette smokers and young adults, daily use is highest among former smokers who quit in the past year (13.0%) and older adults. Compared to daily Cigarette smokers, recently quit smokers were more than four times as likely to be daily users of e-Cigarettes (AOR: 4.33 [95% CI: 3.08-6.09]). CONCLUSIONS: Extremely low e-Cigarette use among never-smokers and longer term former smokers suggest that e-Cigarettes neither promote widespread initiation nor relapse among adults. Recognition of the heterogeneity of smokers, including the time since quitting, is critical to draw accurate conclusions about patterns of e-Cigarette use at the population level and its potential for public health benefit or harm. IMPLICATIONS: Data from 2014 National Health Interview Survey indicate that e-Cigarettes have not been attracting adult non-smokers or promoting relapse in longer term former smokers. Moreover, the data are suggestive that some recent quitters may have done so with the assistance of e-Cigarettes. Creating measures of smoking status that treat former smokers as a homogenous group is insufficient to assess the epidemiology of e-Cigarette use and the potential impact on public health.
Jean-françois Etter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Electronic Cigarette users profile utilization satisfaction and perceived efficacy
Addiction, 2011Co-Authors: Jean-françois Etter, Chris BullenAbstract:Aims To assess the profile, utilization patterns, satisfaction and perceived effects among users of Electronic Cigarettes (‘e-Cigarettes’). Design and Setting Internet survey in English and French in 2010. Measurements Online questionnaire. Participants Visitors of websites and online discussion forums dedicated to e-Cigarettes and to smoking cessation. Findings There were 3587 participants (70% former tobacco smokers, 61% men, mean age 41 years). The median duration of Electronic Cigarette use was 3 months, users drew 120 puffs/day and used five refills/day. Almost all (97%) used e-Cigarettes containing nicotine. Daily users spent $33 per month on these products. Most (96%) said the e-Cigarette helped them to quit smoking or reduce their smoking (92%). Reasons for using the e-Cigaretteincludedtheperceptionthatitwaslesstoxicthantobacco(84%),todealwithcravingfortobacco(79%)and withdrawal symptoms (67%), to quit smoking or avoid relapsing (77%), because it was cheaper than smoking (57%) and to deal with situations where smoking was prohibited (39%). Most ex-smokers (79%) feared they might relapse to smoking if they stopped using the e-Cigarette. Users of nicotine-containing e-Cigarettes reported better relief of withdrawalandagreatereffectonsmokingcessationthanthoseusingnon-nicotinee-Cigarettes.Conclusions E-Cigarettes were used much as people would use nicotine replacement medications: by former smokers to avoid relapse or as an aid tocutdownorquitsmoking.Furtherresearchshouldevaluatethesafetyandefficacyof e-Cigarettesforadministration of nicotine and other substances, and for quitting and relapse prevention.
-
Electronic Cigarette: Users profile, utilization, satisfaction and perceived efficacy
Addiction, 2011Co-Authors: Jean-françois Etter, Chris BullenAbstract:AIMS: To assess the profile, utilization patterns, satisfaction and perceived effects among users of Electronic Cigarettes ('e-Cigarettes').\n\nDESIGN AND SETTING: Internet survey in English and French in 2010.\n\nMEASUREMENTS: Online questionnaire.\n\nPARTICIPANTS: Visitors of websites and online discussion forums dedicated to e-Cigarettes and to smoking cessation.\n\nFINDINGS: There were 3587 participants (70% former tobacco smokers, 61% men, mean age 41 years). The median duration of Electronic Cigarette use was 3 months, users drew 120 puffs/day and used five refills/day. Almost all (97%) used e-Cigarettes containing nicotine. Daily users spent $33 per month on these products. Most (96%) said the e-Cigarette helped them to quit smoking or reduce their smoking (92%). Reasons for using the e-Cigarette included the perception that it was less toxic than tobacco (84%), to deal with craving for tobacco (79%) and withdrawal symptoms (67%), to quit smoking or avoid relapsing (77%), because it was cheaper than smoking (57%) and to deal with situations where smoking was prohibited (39%). Most ex-smokers (79%) feared they might relapse to smoking if they stopped using the e-Cigarette. Users of nicotine-containing e-Cigarettes reported better relief of withdrawal and a greater effect on smoking cessation than those using non-nicotine e-Cigarettes.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: E-Cigarettes were used much as people would use nicotine replacement medications: by former smokers to avoid relapse or as an aid to cut down or quit smoking. Further research should evaluate the safety and efficacy of e-Cigarettes for administration of nicotine and other substances, and for quitting and relapse prevention.
Brian A King - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
severe pulmonary disease associated with Electronic Cigarette product use interim guidance
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 2019Co-Authors: Joshua G Schier, Jonathan Meiman, Jennifer E Layden, Christina A Mikosz, Brenna Vanfrank, Brian A King, Phillip P Salvatore, David N Weissman, Jerry D Thomas, Paul MelstromAbstract:: On September 6, 2019, this report was posted as an MMWR Early Release on the MMWR website (https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr). As of August 27, 2019, 215 possible cases of severe pulmonary disease associated with the use of Electronic Cigarette (e-Cigarette) products (e.g., devices, liquids, refill pods, and cartridges) had been reported to CDC by 25 state health departments. E-Cigarettes are devices that produce an aerosol by heating a liquid containing various chemicals, including nicotine, flavorings, and other additives (e.g., propellants, solvents, and oils). Users inhale the aerosol, including any additives, into their lungs. Aerosols produced by e-Cigarettes can contain harmful or potentially harmful substances, including heavy metals such as lead, volatile organic compounds, ultrafine particles, cancer-causing chemicals, or other agents such as chemicals used for cleaning the device (1). E-Cigarettes also can be used to deliver tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the principal psychoactive component of cannabis, or other drugs; for example, "dabbing" involves superheating substances that contain high concentrations of THC and other plant compounds (e.g., cannabidiol) with the intent of inhaling the aerosol. E-Cigarette users could potentially add other substances to the devices. This report summarizes available information and provides interim case definitions and guidance for reporting possible cases of severe pulmonary disease. The guidance in this report reflects data available as of September 6, 2019; guidance will be updated as additional information becomes available.
-
vital signs exposure to Electronic Cigarette advertising among middle school and high school students united states 2014
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 2016Co-Authors: Tushar Singh, Kristy L Marynak, Rene A Arrazola, Brian A KingAbstract:Introduction Electronic Cigarette (e-Cigarette) use has increased considerably among U.S. youths since 2011. Tobacco use among youths in any form, including e-Cigarettes, is unsafe. Tobacco product advertising can persuade youths to start using tobacco. CDC analyzed data from the 2014 National Youth Tobacco Survey to estimate the prevalence of e-Cigarette advertisement exposure among U.S. middle school and high school students. Methods The 2014 National Youth Tobacco Survey, a school-based survey of middle school and high school students in grades 6-12, included 22,007 participants. Exposure to e-Cigarette advertisements (categorized as "sometimes," "most of the time," or "always") was assessed for four sources: retail stores, Internet, TV and movies, and newspapers and magazines. Weighted exposure estimates were assessed overall and by school type, sex, race/ethnicity, and grade. Results In 2014, 68.9% of middle and high school students (18.3 million) were exposed to e-Cigarette advertisements from at least one source. Among middle school students, exposure was highest for retail stores (52.8%), followed by Internet (35.8%), TV and movies (34.1%), and newspapers and magazines (25.0%). Among high school students, exposure was highest for retail stores (56.3%), followed by Internet (42.9%), TV and movies (38.4%), and newspapers and magazines (34.6%). Among middle school students, 23.4% reported exposure to e-Cigarette advertising from one source, 17.4% from two sources, 13.7% from three sources, and 11.9% from four sources. Among high school students, 21.1% reported exposure to e-Cigarette advertising from one source, 17.0% from two sources, 14.5% from three sources, and 18.2% from four sources. Conclusions and implications for public health practice Approximately seven in 10 U.S. middle and high school students were exposed to e-Cigarette advertisements in 2014. Exposure to e-Cigarette advertisements might contribute to increased use of e-Cigarettes among youths. Multiple approaches are warranted to reduce youth e-Cigarette use and exposure to e-Cigarette advertisements, including efforts to reduce youth access to settings where tobacco products, such as e-Cigarettes, are sold, and regulation of youth-oriented e-Cigarette marketing.
-
intentions to smoke Cigarettes among never smoking us middle and high school Electronic Cigarette users national youth tobacco survey 2011 2013
Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 2015Co-Authors: Rebecca Bunnell, Blair N Coleman, Rene A Arrazola, Israel T Agaku, Benjamin J Apelberg, Ralph S Caraballo, Catherine G Corey, Shanta R Dube, Brian A KingAbstract:Introduction: Electronic Cigarette (e-Cigarette) use is increasing rapidly and their impact on youth is unknown. We assessed associations between e-Cigarette use and smoking intentions among U.S. youth who had never smoked conventional Cigarettes. Methods: We analyzed data from the nationally representative 2011, 2012, and 2013 National Youth Tobacco Surveys of students in grades 6–12. Youth reporting they would definitely not smoke in the next year or if offered a Cigarette by a friend were defined as not having an intention to smoke, while all others were classified as having positive intention to smoke conventional Cigarettes. Demographics, pro-tobacco advertisement exposure, ever use of e-Cigarettes, and ever use of other combustibles (cigars, hookah, bidis, kreteks, and pipes) and noncombustibles (chewing tobacco, snuff, dip, snus, and dissolvables) were included in multivariate analyses assessing associations with smoking intentions among never-Cigarette-smoking youth. Results: Between 2011 and 2013, the number of never-smoking youth who used e-Cigarettes increased 3-fold, from 79,000 to over 263,000. Intention to smoke conventional Cigarettes was 43.9% among ever e-Cigarette users and 21.5% among never users. Ever e-Cigarette users had higher adjusted odds of having smoking intentions than never users (adjusted odds ratio = 1.70, 95% confidence interval = 1.24–2.32). Those who ever used other combustibles, ever used noncombustibles, or reported pro-tobacco advertisement exposure also had increased odds of smoking intentions. Conclusion: In 2013, over a quarter million never-smoking youth had used e-Cigarettes. E-Cigarette use was associated with increased intentions to smoke Cigarettes. Enhanced prevention efforts for youth are important for all forms of tobacco, including e-Cigarettes.