The Experts below are selected from a list of 10278 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Stephen J Kolb - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Electrophysiological motor unit number estimation mune measuring compound muscle action potential cmap in mouse hindlimb muscles
    Journal of Visualized Experiments, 2015
    Co-Authors: David W Arnold, Kajri A Sheth, Christopher G Wier, John T Kissel, Arthur H M Burghes, Stephen J Kolb
    Abstract:

    Compound muscle action potential (CMAP) and motor unit number estimation (MUNE) are Electrophysiological Techniques that can be used to monitor the functional status of a motor unit pool in vivo. These measures can provide insight into the normal development and degeneration of the neuromuscular system. These measures have clear translational potential because they are routinely applied in diagnostic and clinical human studies. We present Electrophysiological Techniques similar to those employed in humans to allow recordings of mouse sciatic nerve function. The CMAP response represents the Electrophysiological output from a muscle or group of muscles following supramaximal stimulation of a peripheral nerve. MUNE is an Electrophysiological Technique that is based on modifications of the CMAP response. MUNE is a calculated value that represents the estimated number of motor neurons or axons (motor control input) supplying the muscle or group of muscles being tested. We present methods for recording CMAP responses from the proximal leg muscles using surface recording electrodes following the stimulation of the sciatic nerve in mice. An incremental MUNE Technique is described using submaximal stimuli to determine the average single motor unit potential (SMUP) size. MUNE is calculated by dividing the CMAP amplitude (peak-to-peak) by the SMUP amplitude (peak-to-peak). These Electrophysiological Techniques allow repeated measures in both neonatal and adult mice in such a manner that facilitates rapid analysis and data collection while reducing the number of animals required for experimental testing. Furthermore, these measures are similar to those recorded in human studies allowing more direct comparisons.

  • Electrophysiological Motor Unit Number Estimation (MUNE) Measuring Compound Muscle Action Potential (CMAP) in Mouse Hindlimb Muscles.
    Journal of Visualized Experiments, 2015
    Co-Authors: W. David Arnold, Kajri A Sheth, Christopher G Wier, John T Kissel, Arthur H M Burghes, Stephen J Kolb
    Abstract:

    Compound muscle action potential (CMAP) and motor unit number estimation (MUNE) are Electrophysiological Techniques that can be used to monitor the functional status of a motor unit pool in vivo. These measures can provide insight into the normal development and degeneration of the neuromuscular system. These measures have clear translational potential because they are routinely applied in diagnostic and clinical human studies. We present Electrophysiological Techniques similar to those employed in humans to allow recordings of mouse sciatic nerve function. The CMAP response represents the Electrophysiological output from a muscle or group of muscles following supramaximal stimulation of a peripheral nerve. MUNE is an Electrophysiological Technique that is based on modifications of the CMAP response. MUNE is a calculated value that represents the estimated number of motor neurons or axons (motor control input) supplying the muscle or group of muscles being tested. We present methods for recording CMAP responses from the proximal leg muscles using surface recording electrodes following the stimulation of the sciatic nerve in mice. An incremental MUNE Technique is described using submaximal stimuli to determine the average single motor unit potential (SMUP) size. MUNE is calculated by dividing the CMAP amplitude (peak-to-peak) by the SMUP amplitude (peak-to-peak). These Electrophysiological Techniques allow repeated measures in both neonatal and adult mice in such a manner that facilitates rapid analysis and data collection while reducing the number of animals required for experimental testing. Furthermore, these measures are similar to those recorded in human studies allowing more direct comparisons.

Michael Levin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Revisiting Burr and Northrop’s “The Electro-Dynamic Theory of Life” (1935)
    Biological Theory, 2020
    Co-Authors: Michael Levin
    Abstract:

    Harold Saxton Burr was a biologist working throughout the 1930s–1950s on an important set of problems related to biological organization and the origin of complex living forms. He was a profound thinker, suggesting a complementary focus on field concepts in addition to the emphasis on particle models and integrating concepts from physics and philosophy in his work. He developed innovations in Electrophysiological Technique and used them to perform a wide experimental survey of bioelectricity in normal and pathological growth. Here, I briefly review his classic paper with philosopher F. S. C. Northrop, “The Electro-Dynamic Theory of Life,” in the context of advances in this field over the last few decades. Based on recent progress, it is now clear that Burr was a prescient and visionary thinker. His main hypothesis, that bioelectric gradients serve as prepatterns guiding morphogenesis, has been confirmed using modern molecular physiology, as have his ideas about the place of cancer and the nervous system in the question of biological organization. With limited technology but deep insight, he derived insights that anticipated many modern discoveries. Even more importantly, Burr’s view of bioelectricity as a convenient entry point for rigorous investigation of the broader question of self-organizing properties of life highlights a frontier of inquiry that awaits today’s researchers. Burr and Northrop’s “The Electro-Dynamic Theory of Life,” originally published in the Quarterly Review of Biology (10(3):322–333, 1935), is available as supplementary material in the online version of this essay.

  • Revisiting Burr and Northrop’s “The Electro-Dynamic Theory of Life” (1935)
    Biological Theory, 2020
    Co-Authors: Michael Levin
    Abstract:

    Harold Saxton Burr was a biologist working throughout the 1930s–1950s on an important set of problems related to biological organization and the origin of complex living forms. He was a profound thinker, suggesting a complementary focus on field concepts in addition to the emphasis on particle models and integrating concepts from physics and philosophy in his work. He developed innovations in Electrophysiological Technique and used them to perform a wide experimental survey of bioelectricity in normal and pathological growth. Here, I briefly review his classic paper with philosopher F. S. C. Northrop, “The Electro-Dynamic Theory of Life,” in the context of advances in this field over the last few decades. Based on recent progress, it is now clear that Burr was a prescient and visionary thinker. His main hypothesis, that bioelectric gradients serve as prepatterns guiding morphogenesis, has been confirmed using modern molecular physiology, as have his ideas about the place of cancer and the nervous system in the question of biological organization. With limited technology but deep insight, he derived insights that anticipated many modern discoveries. Even more importantly, Burr’s view of bioelectricity as a convenient entry point for rigorous investigation of the broader question of self-organizing properties of life highlights a frontier of inquiry that awaits today’s researchers. Burr and Northrop’s “The Electro-Dynamic Theory of Life,” originally published in the Quarterly Review of Biology (10(3):322–333, 1935), is available as supplementary material in the online version of this essay.

David W Arnold - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Electrophysiological motor unit number estimation mune measuring compound muscle action potential cmap in mouse hindlimb muscles
    Journal of Visualized Experiments, 2015
    Co-Authors: David W Arnold, Kajri A Sheth, Christopher G Wier, John T Kissel, Arthur H M Burghes, Stephen J Kolb
    Abstract:

    Compound muscle action potential (CMAP) and motor unit number estimation (MUNE) are Electrophysiological Techniques that can be used to monitor the functional status of a motor unit pool in vivo. These measures can provide insight into the normal development and degeneration of the neuromuscular system. These measures have clear translational potential because they are routinely applied in diagnostic and clinical human studies. We present Electrophysiological Techniques similar to those employed in humans to allow recordings of mouse sciatic nerve function. The CMAP response represents the Electrophysiological output from a muscle or group of muscles following supramaximal stimulation of a peripheral nerve. MUNE is an Electrophysiological Technique that is based on modifications of the CMAP response. MUNE is a calculated value that represents the estimated number of motor neurons or axons (motor control input) supplying the muscle or group of muscles being tested. We present methods for recording CMAP responses from the proximal leg muscles using surface recording electrodes following the stimulation of the sciatic nerve in mice. An incremental MUNE Technique is described using submaximal stimuli to determine the average single motor unit potential (SMUP) size. MUNE is calculated by dividing the CMAP amplitude (peak-to-peak) by the SMUP amplitude (peak-to-peak). These Electrophysiological Techniques allow repeated measures in both neonatal and adult mice in such a manner that facilitates rapid analysis and data collection while reducing the number of animals required for experimental testing. Furthermore, these measures are similar to those recorded in human studies allowing more direct comparisons.

Yasumasa Okada - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Inhomogeneous distribution of action potential characteristics in the rabbit sino-atrial node revealed by voltage imaging
    The Journal of Physiological Sciences, 2009
    Co-Authors: Haruko Masumiya, Yasumasa Okada
    Abstract:

    The sino-atrial node (SAN) is the natural pacemaker of the heart. Mechanisms of the leading pacemaker site generation and dynamic pacemaker shifts in the SAN have been so far studied with an Electrophysiological Technique, but the detailed spatial distribution of action potential characteristics in the SAN has not been analyzed due to the limited number of simultaneously recorded sites in microelectrode recording. To elucidate the mechanism of leading pacemaker site generation in the SAN, we applied a voltage imaging Technique and analyzed the spatial distribution of action potential characteristics in the rabbit SAN. Action potential parameters, i.e., action potential duration at 50% repolarization level, the slope of upstroke, and the slope of the linearly depolarizing early phase of pacemaker activity (phase-4), were calculated from optical signals. Action potential parameter values derived from intracellular recording with a microelectrode and those from optical recording were significantly correlated. The leading pacemaker site occurred in the region of either globally or locally maximum phase-4 slope in 7 of 12 preparations, however, it did not coincide with the region of the early maximum phase-4 slope in the other 5 preparations. Carbenoxolone, a gap junction blocker, changed action potential properties and caused pacemaker shifts. Model simulation, assuming an inhomogeneous distribution of intrinsic properties of SAN cells, reproduced the experimental results. We conclude that the functional structure of the SAN is more inhomogeneous than that dictated by previous models. Besides intrinsic cellular properties, cell-to-cell interaction through gap junctions influences action potential characteristics and leading pacemaker site generation.

Kajri A Sheth - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Electrophysiological motor unit number estimation mune measuring compound muscle action potential cmap in mouse hindlimb muscles
    Journal of Visualized Experiments, 2015
    Co-Authors: David W Arnold, Kajri A Sheth, Christopher G Wier, John T Kissel, Arthur H M Burghes, Stephen J Kolb
    Abstract:

    Compound muscle action potential (CMAP) and motor unit number estimation (MUNE) are Electrophysiological Techniques that can be used to monitor the functional status of a motor unit pool in vivo. These measures can provide insight into the normal development and degeneration of the neuromuscular system. These measures have clear translational potential because they are routinely applied in diagnostic and clinical human studies. We present Electrophysiological Techniques similar to those employed in humans to allow recordings of mouse sciatic nerve function. The CMAP response represents the Electrophysiological output from a muscle or group of muscles following supramaximal stimulation of a peripheral nerve. MUNE is an Electrophysiological Technique that is based on modifications of the CMAP response. MUNE is a calculated value that represents the estimated number of motor neurons or axons (motor control input) supplying the muscle or group of muscles being tested. We present methods for recording CMAP responses from the proximal leg muscles using surface recording electrodes following the stimulation of the sciatic nerve in mice. An incremental MUNE Technique is described using submaximal stimuli to determine the average single motor unit potential (SMUP) size. MUNE is calculated by dividing the CMAP amplitude (peak-to-peak) by the SMUP amplitude (peak-to-peak). These Electrophysiological Techniques allow repeated measures in both neonatal and adult mice in such a manner that facilitates rapid analysis and data collection while reducing the number of animals required for experimental testing. Furthermore, these measures are similar to those recorded in human studies allowing more direct comparisons.

  • Electrophysiological Motor Unit Number Estimation (MUNE) Measuring Compound Muscle Action Potential (CMAP) in Mouse Hindlimb Muscles.
    Journal of Visualized Experiments, 2015
    Co-Authors: W. David Arnold, Kajri A Sheth, Christopher G Wier, John T Kissel, Arthur H M Burghes, Stephen J Kolb
    Abstract:

    Compound muscle action potential (CMAP) and motor unit number estimation (MUNE) are Electrophysiological Techniques that can be used to monitor the functional status of a motor unit pool in vivo. These measures can provide insight into the normal development and degeneration of the neuromuscular system. These measures have clear translational potential because they are routinely applied in diagnostic and clinical human studies. We present Electrophysiological Techniques similar to those employed in humans to allow recordings of mouse sciatic nerve function. The CMAP response represents the Electrophysiological output from a muscle or group of muscles following supramaximal stimulation of a peripheral nerve. MUNE is an Electrophysiological Technique that is based on modifications of the CMAP response. MUNE is a calculated value that represents the estimated number of motor neurons or axons (motor control input) supplying the muscle or group of muscles being tested. We present methods for recording CMAP responses from the proximal leg muscles using surface recording electrodes following the stimulation of the sciatic nerve in mice. An incremental MUNE Technique is described using submaximal stimuli to determine the average single motor unit potential (SMUP) size. MUNE is calculated by dividing the CMAP amplitude (peak-to-peak) by the SMUP amplitude (peak-to-peak). These Electrophysiological Techniques allow repeated measures in both neonatal and adult mice in such a manner that facilitates rapid analysis and data collection while reducing the number of animals required for experimental testing. Furthermore, these measures are similar to those recorded in human studies allowing more direct comparisons.