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Sara Von Arnold - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Early selection improves clonal performance and reduces intraclonal variation of Norway spruce Plants propagated by somatic Embryogenesis
Tree physiology, 2003Co-Authors: Karl-anders Högberg, Peter V. Bozhkov, Sara Von ArnoldAbstract:Height growth during the first and second growth periods (i.e., the June-September period in consecutive years) and intraclonal variation were assessed in 13 Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) clones propagated by somatic Embryogenesis. The Plants were acclimatized and grown in a greenhouse until mid-July and then transferred outdoors. The clonal mean heights after the first and second growth periods were lower for somatic Embryo Plants than for seedlings from corresponding families sown at the time of somatic Embryo Plant ex vitro transfer, because a large proportion of somatic Embryo Plants were small. We determined whether certain selection criteria at ex vitro transfer can be used to identify somatic Embryo Plants with height growth characteristics comparable with those of seedlings. Epicotyl length and presence of lateral roots proved to be important parameters for selection, whereas main root length was less useful. A combined selection for somatic Embryo Plants with lateral roots and with an epicotyl length exceeding 8 mm resulted in taller Plants and reduced intraclonal variation after the first and second growth periods. The growth of somatic Embryo Plants selected in this way was similar to that of seedlings from the corresponding families. We conclude that selection according to these criteria at ex vitro transfer can result in improved performance of clonal stock propagated by somatic Embryogenesis.
Carmina Gisbert - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Somatic Embryogenesis from seeds in a broad range of Vitis vinifera L. varieties: rescue of true-to-type virus-free Plants
BMC Plant Biology, 2017Co-Authors: Tània San Pedro, Rosana Peiro, Antonio Olmos, Najet Gammoudi, Carmina GisbertAbstract:BackgroundSomatic Embryogenesis is the preferred method for cell to Plant regeneration in Vitis vinifera L. However, low frequencies of Plant Embryo conversion are commonly found. In a previous work we obtained from cut-seeds of a grapevine infected with the Grapevine leafroll associated viruses 1 and 3 (GLRaV-1 and GLRaV-3), high rates of direct regeneration, Embryo Plant conversion and sanitation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of this procedure for regeneration of other grapevine varieties which include some infected with one to three common grapevine viruses (GLRaV-3, Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) and Grapevine fleck virus (GFkV)). As grapevine is highly heterozygous, it was necessary to select from among the virus-free Plants those that regenerated from mother tissues around the Embryo, (true-to-type).ResultsSomatic Embryogenesis and Plant regeneration were achieved in a first experiment, using cut-seeds from the 14 grapevine varieties Airén, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Mencía, Merlot, Monastrell, Petit Verdot, Pinot Blanc (infected by GFLV and GFkV), Pinot Gris, Pinot Meunier, Pinot Noir, Syrah, Tempranillo (infected by GFLV), and Verdil. All regenerated Plants were confirmed to be free of GFkV whereas at least 68% sanitation was obtained for GFLV. The SSR profiles of the virus-free Plants showed, in both varieties, around 10% regeneration from mother tissue (the same genetic make-up as the mother Plant). In a second experiment, this procedure was used to sanitize the varieties Cabernet Franc, Godello, Merlot and Valencí Blanc infected by GLRaV-3, GFkV and/or GFLV.ConclusionsCut-seeds can be used as exPlants for Embryogenesis induction and Plant conversion in a broad range of grapevine varieties. The high regeneration rates obtained with this procedure facilitate the posterior selection of true-to-type virus-free Plants. A sanitation rate of 100% was obtained for GFkV as this virus is not seed-transmitted. However, the presence of GLRaV-3 and GFLV in some of the regenerated Plants showed that both viruses are seed-transmitted. The regeneration of true-to-type virus-free Plants from all infected varieties indicates that this methodology may represent an alternative procedure for virus cleaning in grapevine.
Karl-anders Högberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Early selection improves clonal performance and reduces intraclonal variation of Norway spruce Plants propagated by somatic Embryogenesis
Tree physiology, 2003Co-Authors: Karl-anders Högberg, Peter V. Bozhkov, Sara Von ArnoldAbstract:Height growth during the first and second growth periods (i.e., the June-September period in consecutive years) and intraclonal variation were assessed in 13 Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) clones propagated by somatic Embryogenesis. The Plants were acclimatized and grown in a greenhouse until mid-July and then transferred outdoors. The clonal mean heights after the first and second growth periods were lower for somatic Embryo Plants than for seedlings from corresponding families sown at the time of somatic Embryo Plant ex vitro transfer, because a large proportion of somatic Embryo Plants were small. We determined whether certain selection criteria at ex vitro transfer can be used to identify somatic Embryo Plants with height growth characteristics comparable with those of seedlings. Epicotyl length and presence of lateral roots proved to be important parameters for selection, whereas main root length was less useful. A combined selection for somatic Embryo Plants with lateral roots and with an epicotyl length exceeding 8 mm resulted in taller Plants and reduced intraclonal variation after the first and second growth periods. The growth of somatic Embryo Plants selected in this way was similar to that of seedlings from the corresponding families. We conclude that selection according to these criteria at ex vitro transfer can result in improved performance of clonal stock propagated by somatic Embryogenesis.
Tània San Pedro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Somatic Embryogenesis from seeds in a broad range of Vitis vinifera L. varieties: rescue of true-to-type virus-free Plants
BMC Plant Biology, 2017Co-Authors: Tània San Pedro, Rosana Peiro, Antonio Olmos, Najet Gammoudi, Carmina GisbertAbstract:BackgroundSomatic Embryogenesis is the preferred method for cell to Plant regeneration in Vitis vinifera L. However, low frequencies of Plant Embryo conversion are commonly found. In a previous work we obtained from cut-seeds of a grapevine infected with the Grapevine leafroll associated viruses 1 and 3 (GLRaV-1 and GLRaV-3), high rates of direct regeneration, Embryo Plant conversion and sanitation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of this procedure for regeneration of other grapevine varieties which include some infected with one to three common grapevine viruses (GLRaV-3, Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) and Grapevine fleck virus (GFkV)). As grapevine is highly heterozygous, it was necessary to select from among the virus-free Plants those that regenerated from mother tissues around the Embryo, (true-to-type).ResultsSomatic Embryogenesis and Plant regeneration were achieved in a first experiment, using cut-seeds from the 14 grapevine varieties Airén, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Mencía, Merlot, Monastrell, Petit Verdot, Pinot Blanc (infected by GFLV and GFkV), Pinot Gris, Pinot Meunier, Pinot Noir, Syrah, Tempranillo (infected by GFLV), and Verdil. All regenerated Plants were confirmed to be free of GFkV whereas at least 68% sanitation was obtained for GFLV. The SSR profiles of the virus-free Plants showed, in both varieties, around 10% regeneration from mother tissue (the same genetic make-up as the mother Plant). In a second experiment, this procedure was used to sanitize the varieties Cabernet Franc, Godello, Merlot and Valencí Blanc infected by GLRaV-3, GFkV and/or GFLV.ConclusionsCut-seeds can be used as exPlants for Embryogenesis induction and Plant conversion in a broad range of grapevine varieties. The high regeneration rates obtained with this procedure facilitate the posterior selection of true-to-type virus-free Plants. A sanitation rate of 100% was obtained for GFkV as this virus is not seed-transmitted. However, the presence of GLRaV-3 and GFLV in some of the regenerated Plants showed that both viruses are seed-transmitted. The regeneration of true-to-type virus-free Plants from all infected varieties indicates that this methodology may represent an alternative procedure for virus cleaning in grapevine.
Peter V. Bozhkov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Early selection improves clonal performance and reduces intraclonal variation of Norway spruce Plants propagated by somatic Embryogenesis
Tree physiology, 2003Co-Authors: Karl-anders Högberg, Peter V. Bozhkov, Sara Von ArnoldAbstract:Height growth during the first and second growth periods (i.e., the June-September period in consecutive years) and intraclonal variation were assessed in 13 Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) clones propagated by somatic Embryogenesis. The Plants were acclimatized and grown in a greenhouse until mid-July and then transferred outdoors. The clonal mean heights after the first and second growth periods were lower for somatic Embryo Plants than for seedlings from corresponding families sown at the time of somatic Embryo Plant ex vitro transfer, because a large proportion of somatic Embryo Plants were small. We determined whether certain selection criteria at ex vitro transfer can be used to identify somatic Embryo Plants with height growth characteristics comparable with those of seedlings. Epicotyl length and presence of lateral roots proved to be important parameters for selection, whereas main root length was less useful. A combined selection for somatic Embryo Plants with lateral roots and with an epicotyl length exceeding 8 mm resulted in taller Plants and reduced intraclonal variation after the first and second growth periods. The growth of somatic Embryo Plants selected in this way was similar to that of seedlings from the corresponding families. We conclude that selection according to these criteria at ex vitro transfer can result in improved performance of clonal stock propagated by somatic Embryogenesis.