The Experts below are selected from a list of 111648 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Murphy John - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Reducing Emergency Services response time in smart cities: An advanced adaptive and fuzzy approach
IEEE, 2020Co-Authors: Djahel Soufiene, Smith Nicolas, Wang Shen, Murphy JohnAbstract:The First IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2-2015), Guadalajara, Mexico, 25-28 October 2015Nowadays, the unprecedented increase in road traffic congestion has led to severe consequences on individuals, economy and environment, especially in urban areas in most of big cities worldwide. The most critical among the above consequences is the delay of Emergency vehicles, such as ambulances and police cars, leading to increased deaths on roads and substantial financial losses. To alleviate the impact of this problem, we design an advanced adaptive traffic control system that enables faster Emergency Services response in smart cities while maintaining a minimal increase in congestion level around the route of the Emergency vehicle. This can be achieved with a Traffic Management System (TMS) capable of implementing changes to the road network\u27s control and driving policies following an appropriate and well-tuned adaptation strategy. This latter is determined based on the severity of the Emergency situation and current traffic conditions estimated using a fuzzy logic-based scheme. The obtained simulation results, using a set of typical road networks, have demonstrated the effectiveness of our approach in terms of the significant reduction of Emergency vehicles\u27 response time and the negligible disruption caused to the non-Emergency vehicles travelling on the same road network.Science Foundation Irelan
Charles R Marmar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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longitudinal course and predictors of continuing distress following critical incident exposure in Emergency Services personnel
Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 1999Co-Authors: Charles R Marmar, Daniel S Weiss, Thomas J Metzler, Kevin L Delucchi, Suzanne R Best, Kathryn A WentworthAbstract:This study examines the longitudinal course and predictors of stress-specific and general symptomatic distress in Emergency Services personnel. A three-group quasiexperimental design was used to determine the responses of 322 rescue workers to the Loma Prieta earthquake Interstate 880 Freeway collap
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characteristics of Emergency Services personnel related to peritraumatic dissociation during critical incident exposure
American Journal of Psychiatry, 1996Co-Authors: Charles R Marmar, Daniel S Weiss, Thomas J Metzler, Kevin L DelucchiAbstract:Objective The aim of this study was to identify characteristics of Emergency Services personnel related to acute dissociative responses at the time of critical incident exposure, a phenomenon designated "peritraumatic dissociation." Method The authors studied 157 rescue workers who responded to the Nimitz Freeway collapse during the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake in the San Francisco Bay Area as well as 201 rescue workers who were not involved in that disaster. Demographics, level of critical incident exposure, perceived threat at the time of exposure, personality attributes (assessed by the Hogan Personality Inventory), coping strategies (assessed by the Ways of Coping Questionnaire), and locus of control were related to subjects' scores on the Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire. Results According to univariate tests, the subjects with clinically meaningful levels of peritraumatic dissociation were younger; reported greater exposure to critical incident stress; felt greater perceived threat; had lower scores on the adjustment, identify, ambition, and prudence scales of the Hogan Personality Inventory; had higher scores on measures of coping by means of escape-avoidance, self-control, and active problem solving; and had greater externality in locus of control. Linear modeling with multiple logistic regression analyses indicated that greater feelings of perceived threat, coping by means of escape-avoidance, and coping by means of self-control were associated with a greater likelihood of being in the peritraumatic dissociation group, above and beyond age and exposure to stress. Conclusions Rescue workers who are shy, inhibited, uncertain about their identity, or reluctant to take leadership roles, who have global cognitive styles, who believe their fate is determined by factors beyond their control, and who cope with critical incident trauma by emotional suppression and wishful thinking are at higher risk for acute dissociative responses to trauma and subsequent posttraumatic stress disorder.
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predicting symptomatic distress in Emergency Services personnel
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1995Co-Authors: Daniel S Weiss, Charles R Marmar, Thomas J Metzler, Heidi M RonfeldtAbstract:This study identified predictors of symptomatic distress in Emergency Services (EMS) personnel exposed to traumatic critical incidents. A replication was performed in 2 groups: 154 EMS workers involved in the 1989 Interstate 880 freeway collapse during the San Francisco Bay area earthquake, and 213 counterparts from the Bay area and from San Diego. Evaluated predictors included exposure, social support, and psychological traits. Replicated analyses showed that levels of symptomatic distress were positively related to the degree of exposure to the critical incident. Level of adjustment was also related to symptomatic distress. After exposure, adjustment, social support, years of experience on the job, and locus of control were controlled, 2 dissociative variables remained strongly predictive of symptomatic response. The study strengthens the literature linking dissociative tendencies and experiences to distress from exposure to traumatic stressors.
Daniel S Weiss - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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longitudinal course and predictors of continuing distress following critical incident exposure in Emergency Services personnel
Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 1999Co-Authors: Charles R Marmar, Daniel S Weiss, Thomas J Metzler, Kevin L Delucchi, Suzanne R Best, Kathryn A WentworthAbstract:This study examines the longitudinal course and predictors of stress-specific and general symptomatic distress in Emergency Services personnel. A three-group quasiexperimental design was used to determine the responses of 322 rescue workers to the Loma Prieta earthquake Interstate 880 Freeway collap
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characteristics of Emergency Services personnel related to peritraumatic dissociation during critical incident exposure
American Journal of Psychiatry, 1996Co-Authors: Charles R Marmar, Daniel S Weiss, Thomas J Metzler, Kevin L DelucchiAbstract:Objective The aim of this study was to identify characteristics of Emergency Services personnel related to acute dissociative responses at the time of critical incident exposure, a phenomenon designated "peritraumatic dissociation." Method The authors studied 157 rescue workers who responded to the Nimitz Freeway collapse during the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake in the San Francisco Bay Area as well as 201 rescue workers who were not involved in that disaster. Demographics, level of critical incident exposure, perceived threat at the time of exposure, personality attributes (assessed by the Hogan Personality Inventory), coping strategies (assessed by the Ways of Coping Questionnaire), and locus of control were related to subjects' scores on the Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire. Results According to univariate tests, the subjects with clinically meaningful levels of peritraumatic dissociation were younger; reported greater exposure to critical incident stress; felt greater perceived threat; had lower scores on the adjustment, identify, ambition, and prudence scales of the Hogan Personality Inventory; had higher scores on measures of coping by means of escape-avoidance, self-control, and active problem solving; and had greater externality in locus of control. Linear modeling with multiple logistic regression analyses indicated that greater feelings of perceived threat, coping by means of escape-avoidance, and coping by means of self-control were associated with a greater likelihood of being in the peritraumatic dissociation group, above and beyond age and exposure to stress. Conclusions Rescue workers who are shy, inhibited, uncertain about their identity, or reluctant to take leadership roles, who have global cognitive styles, who believe their fate is determined by factors beyond their control, and who cope with critical incident trauma by emotional suppression and wishful thinking are at higher risk for acute dissociative responses to trauma and subsequent posttraumatic stress disorder.
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predicting symptomatic distress in Emergency Services personnel
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1995Co-Authors: Daniel S Weiss, Charles R Marmar, Thomas J Metzler, Heidi M RonfeldtAbstract:This study identified predictors of symptomatic distress in Emergency Services (EMS) personnel exposed to traumatic critical incidents. A replication was performed in 2 groups: 154 EMS workers involved in the 1989 Interstate 880 freeway collapse during the San Francisco Bay area earthquake, and 213 counterparts from the Bay area and from San Diego. Evaluated predictors included exposure, social support, and psychological traits. Replicated analyses showed that levels of symptomatic distress were positively related to the degree of exposure to the critical incident. Level of adjustment was also related to symptomatic distress. After exposure, adjustment, social support, years of experience on the job, and locus of control were controlled, 2 dissociative variables remained strongly predictive of symptomatic response. The study strengthens the literature linking dissociative tendencies and experiences to distress from exposure to traumatic stressors.
Kevin L Delucchi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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longitudinal course and predictors of continuing distress following critical incident exposure in Emergency Services personnel
Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 1999Co-Authors: Charles R Marmar, Daniel S Weiss, Thomas J Metzler, Kevin L Delucchi, Suzanne R Best, Kathryn A WentworthAbstract:This study examines the longitudinal course and predictors of stress-specific and general symptomatic distress in Emergency Services personnel. A three-group quasiexperimental design was used to determine the responses of 322 rescue workers to the Loma Prieta earthquake Interstate 880 Freeway collap
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characteristics of Emergency Services personnel related to peritraumatic dissociation during critical incident exposure
American Journal of Psychiatry, 1996Co-Authors: Charles R Marmar, Daniel S Weiss, Thomas J Metzler, Kevin L DelucchiAbstract:Objective The aim of this study was to identify characteristics of Emergency Services personnel related to acute dissociative responses at the time of critical incident exposure, a phenomenon designated "peritraumatic dissociation." Method The authors studied 157 rescue workers who responded to the Nimitz Freeway collapse during the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake in the San Francisco Bay Area as well as 201 rescue workers who were not involved in that disaster. Demographics, level of critical incident exposure, perceived threat at the time of exposure, personality attributes (assessed by the Hogan Personality Inventory), coping strategies (assessed by the Ways of Coping Questionnaire), and locus of control were related to subjects' scores on the Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire. Results According to univariate tests, the subjects with clinically meaningful levels of peritraumatic dissociation were younger; reported greater exposure to critical incident stress; felt greater perceived threat; had lower scores on the adjustment, identify, ambition, and prudence scales of the Hogan Personality Inventory; had higher scores on measures of coping by means of escape-avoidance, self-control, and active problem solving; and had greater externality in locus of control. Linear modeling with multiple logistic regression analyses indicated that greater feelings of perceived threat, coping by means of escape-avoidance, and coping by means of self-control were associated with a greater likelihood of being in the peritraumatic dissociation group, above and beyond age and exposure to stress. Conclusions Rescue workers who are shy, inhibited, uncertain about their identity, or reluctant to take leadership roles, who have global cognitive styles, who believe their fate is determined by factors beyond their control, and who cope with critical incident trauma by emotional suppression and wishful thinking are at higher risk for acute dissociative responses to trauma and subsequent posttraumatic stress disorder.
Massimiliano Piselli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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air pollutants and daily number of admissions to psychiatric Emergency Services evidence for detrimental mental health effects of ozone
Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, 2020Co-Authors: Francesco Bernardini, Luigi Attademo, Riccardo Trezzi, C Gobbicchi, Pierfrancesco Maria Balducci, V Del Bello, Giulia Menculini, Luca Pauselli, Massimiliano PiselliAbstract:Aims Aim of the current study is to investigate the associations between daily levels of air pollutants (particulate matter, ozone, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide) and daily admissions for mental disorders to the Emergency department of two general hospitals in Umbria region (Italy). Methods We collected data about daily admissions to psychiatric Emergency Services of two general hospitals, air pollutants' levels and meteorological data for the time period 1 January 2015 until 31 December 2016. We assessed the impact of an increase in air pollutants on the number of daily admissions using a time-series econometric framework. Results A total of 1860 Emergency department admissions for mental disorders were identified. We observed a statistically significant impact of ozone levels on daily admissions. The estimated coefficient of O3 is statistically significant at the 1% level. All other pollutants were not significantly associated with the number of daily admissions. Conclusions Short-term exposure to ozone may be associated with increased psychiatric Emergency Services admissions. Findings add to previous literature on existing evidence for air pollution to have an impact on mental health. Ozone may be considered a potential environmental risk factor for impaired mental health.