The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Mike W Peng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • theoretical foundations of Emerging Economy business research
    Journal of International Business Studies, 2016
    Co-Authors: Klaus E Meyer, Mike W Peng
    Abstract:

    In “Probing Theoretically into Central and Eastern Europe: Transactions, Resources, and Institutions,” we outlined the contributions of research in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) to theoretical debates in business research. In this retrospective, we reflect upon the evolution of the field over the past decade. With the fading impact of CEE’s distinct shared history, we suggest that CEE best be analyzed as Emerging economies, rather than as a distinct geographic entity. Emerging Economy business research is converging on common themes and shared theoretical ideas, while identifying critical variations that constrain generalizations among and beyond Emerging economies. This research thus highlights the need to develop a better understanding of the boundary conditions of scholarly theories of business knowledge. Over the past decade, the institution-based view has emerged from distinct intellectual traditions in institutional economics, organizational theory, and the analysis of business–government bargaining. Research in these converging lines of theorizing places contextual variations at the center of explanations of business phenomena around the world. We suggest that the institution-based view is evolving toward a paradigm, and offer suggestions on how to advance this research agenda further, in particular by exploring how firms engage with different sets of potentially conflicting institutions at multiple levels and locations.

  • ownership types and strategic groups in an Emerging Economy
    Journal of Management Studies, 2004
    Co-Authors: Mike W Peng, Justin Tan, Tony W Tong
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT  Existing strategic group studies have rarely examined ownership type as a variable to classify firms in an industry. Using Chinese firms of different ownership types, we suggest that ownership type can be a parsimonious and important variable that managers use to cognitively classify firms into different strategic groups. While ownership itself is an objective variable, we contend that different ownership types lead to different managerial outlook and mentality due to a number of macro and micro foundations giving rise to various managerial cognitions. Employing the Miles and Snow typology, we find that state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and privately-owned enterprises (POEs) tend to adopt defender and prospector strategies, respectively, while collectively-owned enterprises (COEs) and foreign-invested enterprises (FIEs) exhibit an analyser orientation that falls between defenders and prospectors on the strategy continuum. Three statistical tests suggest that ownership types can be used to successfully predict strategic group memberships in China's Emerging Economy.

  • organizational slack and firm performance during economic transitions two studies from an Emerging Economy
    Southern Medical Journal, 2003
    Co-Authors: Justin Tan, Mike W Peng
    Abstract:

    An Erratum has been published for this article in Strategic Management Journal 25(3) 2004, 307. How does organizational slack affect firm performance? Organization theory posits that slack, despite its costs, has a positive impact on firm performance. In contrast, agency theory suggests that slack breeds inefficiency and inhibits performance. The empirical evidence, largely from developed economies, has been inconclusive. Moreover, little effort has been made to empirically test whether such an impact (positive or negative) is linear or curvilinear. This article joins the debate by extending empirical work to the largely unexplored context of economic transitions. Specifically, two studies, based on survey and archival data (N = 57 and 1532 firms, respectively), are undertaken in China's Emerging Economy. Our results suggest (1) that organization theory generates stronger predictions when dealing with unabsorbed slack, and (2) that agency theory yields stronger validity when focusing on absorbed slack. Furthermore, we also find that the impact of slack on performance is curvilinear, which resembles inverse U-shaped curves. Overall, our findings call for a contingency perspective to specify the nature of slack when discussing its impact on firm performance. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  • organizational slack and firm performance during economic transitions two studies from an Emerging Economy
    2003
    Co-Authors: Justin Tan, Mike W Peng
    Abstract:

    How does organizational slack affect firm performance? Organization theory posits that slack, despite its costs, has a positive impact on firm performance. In contrast, agency theory suggests that slack breeds inefficiency and inhibits performance. The empirical evidence, largely from developed economies, has been inconclusive. Moreover, little effort has been made to empirically test whether such an impact (positive or negative) is linear or curvilinear. This article joins the debate by extending empirical work to the largely unexplored context of economic transitions. Specifically, two studies, based on survey and archival data (N = 57 and 1532 firms, respectively), are undertaken in China’s Emerging Economy. Our results suggest (1) that organization theory generates stronger predictions when dealing with unabsorbed slack, and (2) that agency theory yields stronger validity when focusing on absorbed slack. Furthermore, we also find that the impact of slack on performance is curvilinear, which resembles inverse U-shaped curves. Overall, our findings call for a contingency perspective to specify the nature of slack when discussing its impact on firm performance.

Yadong Luo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • how valuable is information and communication technology a study of Emerging Economy enterprises
    Journal of World Business, 2016
    Co-Authors: Yadong Luo
    Abstract:

    Anchored at the knowledge management perspective, we address how information and communication technology (ICT) improves the productivity of Emerging Economy enterprises. We present the logic that ICT enhances firm performance because it is an important channel or facilitator of effective knowledge sharing and knowledge integration. We further argue that the conditions characterizing an Emerging Economy (i.e., a country’s economic development) and Emerging Economy businesses (i.e., internationalization and quality assurance) would affect the extent to which ICT contributes to knowledge management, and thus to firm performance. Our hierarchical linear modeling analysis of 6236 firms from 27 Emerging economies lends support to our arguments and predictions, suggesting that ICT is a critical investment that generates satisfactory returns for Emerging Economy enterprises, yet this investment–return relationship is further contingent upon the macro- and micro-level conditions facing these enterprises. ICT actually adds more value to productivity when a focal Emerging Economy is less economically developed, and when a focal firm reaches foreign markets or its quality control and assurance is superior.

  • Emerging Economy copycats capability environment and strategy
    Academy of Management Perspectives, 2011
    Co-Authors: Yadong Luo, Jinyun Sun, Stephanie Lu Wang
    Abstract:

    Executive Overview Emerging Economy enterprises nowadays relentlessly scale the value chain in a quest to compete on the world stage in part by copying the products of others. They develop new products and services that are dramatically less expensive than their Western equivalents. In this article we discuss what these copycats are and how they have grown in their unique trajectory. We emphasize their unique capabilities and weaknesses, internal and external conditions that foster growth, and strategies and paths that transform them along a continuum from duplicative imitators to creative imitators and ultimately to novel innovators. To this end, we present the CHAIN Framework (combinative, hardship-surviving, absorptive, intelligence, and networking) capabilities to showcase the copycats' capabilities and discuss STORM conditions (social, technological, organizational, regulatory, and market) that spur their growth. Finally, we present four case studies of copycats and discuss future research on this issue.

  • determinants of entry in an Emerging Economy a multilevel approach
    Social Science Research Network, 2004
    Co-Authors: Yadong Luo
    Abstract:

    The dynamics of the world Economy and global competition patterns are encouraging multinational enterprises (MNEs) to expand into Emerging economies. This study validates the proposition that entry mode selection in an Emerging Economy is influenced by situational contingencies at four levels: nation, industry, firm, and project. Analysis of data collected from China suggests that the joint venture is preferred when perceived governmental intervention or environmental uncertainty is high or host country experience is low. The wholly-owned entry mode is preferred when intellectual property rights are not well protected, the number of firms in the industry is growing fast, the need for global integration is high, or the project is located in an open economic region. The importance of these multilevel determinants requires simultaneous and inseparable considerations of the risk, return, control, and resource effects of the entry mode decision. This necessitates a theoretical integration of multiple perspectives such as transaction cost, the eclectic paradigm, bargaining power, and organizational capability.

Victor Zitian Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Are OECD-prescribed “good corporate governance practices” really good in an Emerging Economy?
    Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 2011
    Co-Authors: Victor Zitian Chen, Daniel M. Shapiro
    Abstract:

    This paper examines whether adopting OECD-prescribed corporate governance principles can solve the major corporate governance problem in an Emerging Economy—controlling-shareholder expropriation. We argue that “good governance practices” in OECD countries (e.g., an active board of directors, separation of chairperson and the CEO, significant presence of outside directors, and a two-tier board) cannot mitigate the negative effect of controlling-shareholder expropriation on corporate performance for two main reasons. First, most good governance practices are mainly designed to resolve conflicts between shareholders and the management but not conflicts between controlling and minority shareholders. Second, board directors are typically not independent to controlling shareholders, and supervisory directors often have low status and weak power in a firm. Using a panel of over 1,100 Chinese listed firms between 2001 and 2003, we find supportive evidence for our arguments. We discuss the implication of our study for public policy and strategies of investors.

  • are oecd prescribed good corporate governance practices really good in an Emerging Economy
    Social Science Research Network, 2009
    Co-Authors: Victor Zitian Chen, Daniel Shapiro
    Abstract:

    The purpose of this paper is to examine whether adopting OECD-prescribed corporate governance principles can solve the major corporate governance problem in an Emerging Economy - controlling-shareholder expropriation. We argue that none of any "good corporate governance practices" in OECD countries (e.g., an active board of directors, separation of chairperson and CEO, significant presence of outside directors, and a two-tier board) can attenuate the negative effect of controlling-shareholder expropriation on corporate performance for two main reasons. First, "good" practices are mainly designed to resolve conflicts between shareholders and the management but not conflicts between controlling and minority shareholders. Second, board directors are typically not independent of controlling shareholders, and supervisory directors often have low status and weak power in a firm. Using a panel of over 1,100 Chinese listed firms between 2001 and 2003, we find supportive evidence for our arguments. We discuss the implications of our study for public policy and strategies of investors.

Balram Avittathur - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Green supply chains: A perspective from an Emerging Economy
    International Journal of Production Economics, 2015
    Co-Authors: Jayanth Jayaram, Balram Avittathur
    Abstract:

    We use grounded theory arguments and field data to support a model that links environmental government policies to customer actions and firm sustainability strategies. A firms sustainability strategy in turn influences the design and deployment of green supply chain management strategies. Specifically, green design, product recovery and reverse logistics were found to be key facets of green supply chain management strategies. Our focus on the Emerging Economy of India and the unique insights of this qualitative Delphi study that relies on grounded theory makes key contributions to theory building and managerial practice in the area of sustainable supply chain management.

Sachin Kumar Mangla - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a step to clean energy sustainability in energy system management in an Emerging Economy context
    Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020
    Co-Authors: Sachin Kumar Mangla, Sunil Luthra, Suresh Kumar Jakhar, Sumeet Gandhi, Kamalakanta Muduli, Anil Kumar
    Abstract:

    Abstract Due to high consumption of energy, its associated concerns such as energy security and demand, wastage of resources, and material-energy recovery are leading to the importance of sustainable energy system development. This is a high time to assess the sustainability in energy systems for meeting the requirements of energy with an enhanced economic, ecological, and social performance from a nation context. The energy system plays a significant role in deciding the economic progress of Emerging economies such as India, China, Brazil, and Africa. In this paper, an original attempt has been made to list and evaluate important indicators for sustainability assessment of energy systems development and management in an Emerging Economy especially India. Firstly, based on the analysis of the extant literature and then followed by expert opinion, potential key sustainability assessment indicators for energy systems development and management were identified. Further, grey based Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory technique to understand the causal interactions amongst indicators and segregate them into cause and effect groups, is used. This work can provide useful aids to decision making bodies, sustainability practitioners and business organisations in selective implementation, monitoring and control of sustainable strategies in energy systems development and management and meeting sustainable development goals of clean energy in a nation context.

  • when strategies matter adoption of sustainable supply chain management practices in an Emerging Economy s context
    Resources Conservation and Recycling, 2018
    Co-Authors: Sunil Luthra, Sachin Kumar Mangla
    Abstract:

    Abstract Over the past few years, a growing concern has been noticed among society, government and non-government organisations for conserving the environment and adopting Sustainable Supply Chain management (SSCM) practices. However, it is not simple for industries to develop sustainability in their business operations and activities especially in Emerging economies. In this sense, the purpose of present research is to recognise and analyse various strategies to implement SSCM practices in Indian context. Present research has recognized nine key strategies. Due to qualitative nature of research, Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) methodology integrated with fuzzy MICMAC analysis to further refine the hidden relationship between strategies has been attempted. The identified SSCM strategies have been categorized based on their dependence and driving power. ISM methodology offers merely binary relationship among strategies, whereas fuzzy MICMAC analysis gives accurate investigation related to dependence and driving power of strategies. Findings reveals that ‘Management involvement, support and commitment’; ‘Understanding of the sustainability impacts of their supply chain’ and ‘Establishing a vision and objectives for supply chain sustainability’ are the strategies with the topmost independence powers. The developed model will help in uncovering the interaction and dependence among the identified strategies in implementation of SSCM practices from industrial viewpoint. The inputs of experts from academia and Indian automotive manufacturing firms have been used in this research. The present work will facilitate automotive and related firms in prioritisation of strategies and managing resources in a most sustainable way in an Emerging Economy context.