The Experts below are selected from a list of 75 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Tobias W Meissner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • myelin development in visual scene network tracts beyond late childhood a multimethod neuroimaging study
    Cortex, 2021
    Co-Authors: Tobias W Meissner, Erhan Genc, Burkhard Madler, Sarah Weigelt
    Abstract:

    Abstract The visual scene-network—comprising the parahippocampal place area (PPA), retrosplenial cortex (RSC), and occipital place area (OPA)—shows a prolonged functional development. Structural development of white matter that underlies the scene-network has not been investigated despite its potential influence on scene-network function. The key factor for white matter maturation is myelination. However, research on myelination using the gold standard method of post-mortem histology is scarce. In vivo alternatives diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and myelin water imaging (MWI) so far report broad-scale findings that prohibit inferences concerning the scene-network. Here, we combine MWI, DWI tractography, and fMRI to investigate myelination in scene-network tracts in middle childhood, late childhood, and adulthood. We report increasing myelin from middle childhood to adulthood in right PPA-OPA, and trends towards increases in the left and right RSC-OPA tracts. Investigating tracts to regions highly connected with the scene-network, such as early visual cortex and the hippocampus, did not yield any significant age group differences. Our findings indicate that structural development coincides with functional development in the scene-network, possibly Enabling Structure–function interactions.

  • myelin development in visual scene network tracts beyond late childhood a multimethod neuroimaging study
    bioRxiv, 2019
    Co-Authors: Tobias W Meissner, Erhan Genc, Burkhard Madler, Sarah Weigelt
    Abstract:

    Abstract The visual scene-network—comprising the parahippocampal place area (PPA), retrosplenial cortex (RSC), and occipital place area (OPA)—shows a prolonged functional development. Structural development of white matter that underlies the scene-network has not been investigated despite its potential influence on scene-network function. The key factor for white matter maturation is myelination. However, research on myelination using the gold standard method of post-mortem histology is scarce. In vivo alternatives diffusion-weighed imaging (DWI) and myelin water imaging (MWI) so far report broad-scale findings that prohibit inferences concerning the scene-network. Here, we combine MWI, DWI tractography, and fMRI to investigate myelination in scene-network tracts in middle childhood, late childhood, and adulthood. We report increasing myelin from middle childhood to adulthood in left RSC-OPA, and trends towards increases in the right RSC-OPA, left PPA-RSC and right PPA-OPA tracts. Moreover, tracts connecting the OPA to the key input region hippocampus showed myelin increases beyond late childhood. Our findings indicate that structural development coincides with functional development in the scene network, possibly Enabling Structure-function interactions. Highlights Myelin in intrahemispheric scene-network tracts increases beyond late childhood PA-hippocampus tracts also show prolonged myelination Diffusion tensor imaging parameters do not mirror myelin water fraction results

Martin B Ulmschneider - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • simulation guided rational de novo design of a small pore forming antimicrobial peptide
    Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2019
    Co-Authors: Charles Chen, Charles G Starr, Evan P Troendle, Gregory Wiedman, William C Wimley, Jakob P Ulmschneider, Martin B Ulmschneider
    Abstract:

    In the age of failing small-molecule antibiotics, tapping the near-infinite structural and chemical repertoire of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) offers one of the most promising routes toward developing next-generation antibacterial compounds. One of the key impediments en route is the lack of methodologies for systematic rational design and optimization of new AMPs. Here we present a new simulation-guided rational design approach and apply it to develop a potent new AMP. We show that unbiased atomic detail molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are able to predict Structures formed by evolving peptide designs Enabling Structure-based rational fine-tuning of functional properties. Starting from a 14-residue poly leucine template we demonstrate the design of a minimalistic potent new AMP. Consisting of only four types of amino acids (LDKA), this peptide forms large pores in microbial membranes at very low peptide-to-lipid ratios (1:1000) and exhibits low micromolar activity against common Gram-positive and Gra...

  • Simulation-Guided Rational de Novo Design of a Small Pore-Forming Antimicrobial Peptide
    2019
    Co-Authors: Charles H. Chen, Charles G Starr, Evan P Troendle, Gregory Wiedman, William C Wimley, Jakob P Ulmschneider, Martin B Ulmschneider
    Abstract:

    In the age of failing small-molecule antibiotics, tapping the near-infinite structural and chemical repertoire of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) offers one of the most promising routes toward developing next-generation antibacterial compounds. One of the key impediments en route is the lack of methodologies for systematic rational design and optimization of new AMPs. Here we present a new simulation-guided rational design approach and apply it to develop a potent new AMP. We show that unbiased atomic detail molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are able to predict Structures formed by evolving peptide designs Enabling Structure-based rational fine-tuning of functional properties. Starting from a 14-residue poly leucine template we demonstrate the design of a minimalistic potent new AMP. Consisting of only four types of amino acids (LDKA), this peptide forms large pores in microbial membranes at very low peptide-to-lipid ratios (1:1000) and exhibits low micromolar activity against common Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. Remarkably, the four amino acids were sufficient to encode preferential poration of bacterial membranes with negligible damage to red blood cells at bactericidal concentrations. As the sequence is too short to span cellular membranes, pores are formed by stacking of channels in each bilayer leaflet

Sarah Weigelt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • myelin development in visual scene network tracts beyond late childhood a multimethod neuroimaging study
    Cortex, 2021
    Co-Authors: Tobias W Meissner, Erhan Genc, Burkhard Madler, Sarah Weigelt
    Abstract:

    Abstract The visual scene-network—comprising the parahippocampal place area (PPA), retrosplenial cortex (RSC), and occipital place area (OPA)—shows a prolonged functional development. Structural development of white matter that underlies the scene-network has not been investigated despite its potential influence on scene-network function. The key factor for white matter maturation is myelination. However, research on myelination using the gold standard method of post-mortem histology is scarce. In vivo alternatives diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and myelin water imaging (MWI) so far report broad-scale findings that prohibit inferences concerning the scene-network. Here, we combine MWI, DWI tractography, and fMRI to investigate myelination in scene-network tracts in middle childhood, late childhood, and adulthood. We report increasing myelin from middle childhood to adulthood in right PPA-OPA, and trends towards increases in the left and right RSC-OPA tracts. Investigating tracts to regions highly connected with the scene-network, such as early visual cortex and the hippocampus, did not yield any significant age group differences. Our findings indicate that structural development coincides with functional development in the scene-network, possibly Enabling Structure–function interactions.

  • myelin development in visual scene network tracts beyond late childhood a multimethod neuroimaging study
    bioRxiv, 2019
    Co-Authors: Tobias W Meissner, Erhan Genc, Burkhard Madler, Sarah Weigelt
    Abstract:

    Abstract The visual scene-network—comprising the parahippocampal place area (PPA), retrosplenial cortex (RSC), and occipital place area (OPA)—shows a prolonged functional development. Structural development of white matter that underlies the scene-network has not been investigated despite its potential influence on scene-network function. The key factor for white matter maturation is myelination. However, research on myelination using the gold standard method of post-mortem histology is scarce. In vivo alternatives diffusion-weighed imaging (DWI) and myelin water imaging (MWI) so far report broad-scale findings that prohibit inferences concerning the scene-network. Here, we combine MWI, DWI tractography, and fMRI to investigate myelination in scene-network tracts in middle childhood, late childhood, and adulthood. We report increasing myelin from middle childhood to adulthood in left RSC-OPA, and trends towards increases in the right RSC-OPA, left PPA-RSC and right PPA-OPA tracts. Moreover, tracts connecting the OPA to the key input region hippocampus showed myelin increases beyond late childhood. Our findings indicate that structural development coincides with functional development in the scene network, possibly Enabling Structure-function interactions. Highlights Myelin in intrahemispheric scene-network tracts increases beyond late childhood PA-hippocampus tracts also show prolonged myelination Diffusion tensor imaging parameters do not mirror myelin water fraction results

Charles Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • simulation guided rational de novo design of a small pore forming antimicrobial peptide
    Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2019
    Co-Authors: Charles Chen, Charles G Starr, Evan P Troendle, Gregory Wiedman, William C Wimley, Jakob P Ulmschneider, Martin B Ulmschneider
    Abstract:

    In the age of failing small-molecule antibiotics, tapping the near-infinite structural and chemical repertoire of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) offers one of the most promising routes toward developing next-generation antibacterial compounds. One of the key impediments en route is the lack of methodologies for systematic rational design and optimization of new AMPs. Here we present a new simulation-guided rational design approach and apply it to develop a potent new AMP. We show that unbiased atomic detail molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are able to predict Structures formed by evolving peptide designs Enabling Structure-based rational fine-tuning of functional properties. Starting from a 14-residue poly leucine template we demonstrate the design of a minimalistic potent new AMP. Consisting of only four types of amino acids (LDKA), this peptide forms large pores in microbial membranes at very low peptide-to-lipid ratios (1:1000) and exhibits low micromolar activity against common Gram-positive and Gra...

Evan P Troendle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • simulation guided rational de novo design of a small pore forming antimicrobial peptide
    Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2019
    Co-Authors: Charles Chen, Charles G Starr, Evan P Troendle, Gregory Wiedman, William C Wimley, Jakob P Ulmschneider, Martin B Ulmschneider
    Abstract:

    In the age of failing small-molecule antibiotics, tapping the near-infinite structural and chemical repertoire of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) offers one of the most promising routes toward developing next-generation antibacterial compounds. One of the key impediments en route is the lack of methodologies for systematic rational design and optimization of new AMPs. Here we present a new simulation-guided rational design approach and apply it to develop a potent new AMP. We show that unbiased atomic detail molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are able to predict Structures formed by evolving peptide designs Enabling Structure-based rational fine-tuning of functional properties. Starting from a 14-residue poly leucine template we demonstrate the design of a minimalistic potent new AMP. Consisting of only four types of amino acids (LDKA), this peptide forms large pores in microbial membranes at very low peptide-to-lipid ratios (1:1000) and exhibits low micromolar activity against common Gram-positive and Gra...

  • Simulation-Guided Rational de Novo Design of a Small Pore-Forming Antimicrobial Peptide
    2019
    Co-Authors: Charles H. Chen, Charles G Starr, Evan P Troendle, Gregory Wiedman, William C Wimley, Jakob P Ulmschneider, Martin B Ulmschneider
    Abstract:

    In the age of failing small-molecule antibiotics, tapping the near-infinite structural and chemical repertoire of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) offers one of the most promising routes toward developing next-generation antibacterial compounds. One of the key impediments en route is the lack of methodologies for systematic rational design and optimization of new AMPs. Here we present a new simulation-guided rational design approach and apply it to develop a potent new AMP. We show that unbiased atomic detail molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are able to predict Structures formed by evolving peptide designs Enabling Structure-based rational fine-tuning of functional properties. Starting from a 14-residue poly leucine template we demonstrate the design of a minimalistic potent new AMP. Consisting of only four types of amino acids (LDKA), this peptide forms large pores in microbial membranes at very low peptide-to-lipid ratios (1:1000) and exhibits low micromolar activity against common Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. Remarkably, the four amino acids were sufficient to encode preferential poration of bacterial membranes with negligible damage to red blood cells at bactericidal concentrations. As the sequence is too short to span cellular membranes, pores are formed by stacking of channels in each bilayer leaflet