The Experts below are selected from a list of 151935 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
D Ielmini - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
modeling of breakdown limited Endurance in spin transfer torque magnetic memory under pulsed cycling regime
IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, 2018Co-Authors: Roberto Carboni, Stefano Ambrogio, Wei Chen, Manzar Siddik, Jon Harms, Andy Lyle, Witold Kula, Gurtej S Sandhu, D IelminiAbstract:Perpendicular spin-transfer torque (p-STT) magnetic memory is gaining increasing interest as a candidate for storage-class memory, embedded memory, and possible replacement of static/dynamic memory. All these applications require extended cycling Endurance, which should be based on a solid understanding and accurate modeling of the Endurance failure mechanisms in the p-STT device. This paper addresses cycling Endurance of p-STT memory under pulsed electrical switching. We show that Endurance is limited by the dielectric breakdown of the magnetic tunnel junction stack, and we model Endurance lifetime by the physical mechanisms leading to dielectric breakdown. The model predicts STT Endurance as a function of applied voltage, pulsewidth, pulse polarity, and delay time between applied pulses. The dependence of the Endurance on sample area is finally discussed.
-
voltage controlled cycling Endurance of hfo x based resistive switching memory
IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, 2015Co-Authors: Simone Balatti, Stefano Ambrogio, Zhongqiang Wang, Scott E Sills, Alessandro Calderoni, Nirmal Ramaswamy, D IelminiAbstract:Resistive-switching memory (RRAM) based on metal oxide is currently considered as a possible candidate for future nonvolatile storage and storage-class memory. To explore possible applications of RRAM, the switching variability and the cycling Endurance are key issues that must be carefully understood. To this purpose, we studied the switching variability and the Endurance in pulsed regime for HfO x -based RRAM. We found that the resistance window, the set/reset variability, and the Endurance are all controlled by the maximum voltage $V_{\rm stop}$ , which is applied during the negative-reset operation. We demonstrate that the Endurance failure is triggered by a negative-set event, where the resistance suddenly decreases during the reset. Cycling Endurance is studied as a function of time, compliance current and $V_{\rm stop}$ , allowing to develop an Arrhenius-law model, which is capable of predicting device lifetime under various conditions.
Tuoyu Geng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
pgc 1α plays a functional role in exercise induced mitochondrial biogenesis and angiogenesis but not fiber type transformation in mouse skeletal muscle
American Journal of Physiology-cell Physiology, 2010Co-Authors: Tuoyu Geng, Mitsuharu Okutsu, Xinhe Yin, Jyeyi Kwek, Mei Zhang, Zhen YanAbstract:Endurance exercise stimulates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) expression in skeletal muscle, and forced expression of PGC-1α changes muscle metabolism and exercise capacity in mice. However, it is unclear if PGC-1α is indispensible for Endurance exercise-induced metabolic and contractile adaptations in skeletal muscle. In this study, we showed that Endurance exercise-induced expression of mitochondrial enzymes (cytochrome oxidase IV and cytochrome c) and increases of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1, CD31)-positive endothelial cells in skeletal muscle, but not IIb-to-IIa fiber-type transformation, were significantly attenuated in muscle-specific Pgc-1α knockout mice. Interestingly, voluntary running effectively restored the compromised mitochondrial integrity and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) protein expression in skeletal muscle in Pgc-1α knockout mice. Thus, PGC-1α plays a functional role in Endurance exercise-induced mitochondrial biogenesis and angiogenesis, but not IIb-to-IIa fiber-type transformation in mouse skeletal muscle, and the improvement of mitochondrial morphology and antioxidant defense in response to Endurance exercise may occur independently of PGC-1α function. We conclude that PGC-1α is required for complete skeletal muscle adaptations induced by Endurance exercise in mice.
Inigo Mujika - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
optimizing strength training for running and cycling Endurance performance a review
Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 2014Co-Authors: Bent R Ronnestad, Inigo MujikaAbstract:Here we report on the effect of combining Endurance training with heavy or explosive strength training on Endurance performance in Endurance-trained runners and cyclists. Running economy is improved by performing combined Endurance training with either heavy or explosive strength training. However, heavy strength training is recommended for improving cycling economy. Equivocal findings exist regarding the effects on power output or velocity at the lactate threshold. Concurrent Endurance and heavy strength training can increase running speed and power output at VO2max (Vmax and Wmax, respectively) or time to exhaustion at Vmax and Wmax. Combining Endurance training with either explosive or heavy strength training can improve running performance, while there is most compelling evidence of an additive effect on cycling performance when heavy strength training is used. It is suggested that the improved Endurance performance may relate to delayed activation of less efficient type II fibers, improved neuromuscular efficiency, conversion of fast-twitch type IIX fibers into more fatigue-resistant type IIA fibers, or improved musculo-tendinous stiffness.
Zhen Yan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
pgc 1α plays a functional role in exercise induced mitochondrial biogenesis and angiogenesis but not fiber type transformation in mouse skeletal muscle
American Journal of Physiology-cell Physiology, 2010Co-Authors: Tuoyu Geng, Mitsuharu Okutsu, Xinhe Yin, Jyeyi Kwek, Mei Zhang, Zhen YanAbstract:Endurance exercise stimulates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) expression in skeletal muscle, and forced expression of PGC-1α changes muscle metabolism and exercise capacity in mice. However, it is unclear if PGC-1α is indispensible for Endurance exercise-induced metabolic and contractile adaptations in skeletal muscle. In this study, we showed that Endurance exercise-induced expression of mitochondrial enzymes (cytochrome oxidase IV and cytochrome c) and increases of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1, CD31)-positive endothelial cells in skeletal muscle, but not IIb-to-IIa fiber-type transformation, were significantly attenuated in muscle-specific Pgc-1α knockout mice. Interestingly, voluntary running effectively restored the compromised mitochondrial integrity and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) protein expression in skeletal muscle in Pgc-1α knockout mice. Thus, PGC-1α plays a functional role in Endurance exercise-induced mitochondrial biogenesis and angiogenesis, but not IIb-to-IIa fiber-type transformation in mouse skeletal muscle, and the improvement of mitochondrial morphology and antioxidant defense in response to Endurance exercise may occur independently of PGC-1α function. We conclude that PGC-1α is required for complete skeletal muscle adaptations induced by Endurance exercise in mice.
Mei Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
pgc 1α plays a functional role in exercise induced mitochondrial biogenesis and angiogenesis but not fiber type transformation in mouse skeletal muscle
American Journal of Physiology-cell Physiology, 2010Co-Authors: Tuoyu Geng, Mitsuharu Okutsu, Xinhe Yin, Jyeyi Kwek, Mei Zhang, Zhen YanAbstract:Endurance exercise stimulates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) expression in skeletal muscle, and forced expression of PGC-1α changes muscle metabolism and exercise capacity in mice. However, it is unclear if PGC-1α is indispensible for Endurance exercise-induced metabolic and contractile adaptations in skeletal muscle. In this study, we showed that Endurance exercise-induced expression of mitochondrial enzymes (cytochrome oxidase IV and cytochrome c) and increases of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1, CD31)-positive endothelial cells in skeletal muscle, but not IIb-to-IIa fiber-type transformation, were significantly attenuated in muscle-specific Pgc-1α knockout mice. Interestingly, voluntary running effectively restored the compromised mitochondrial integrity and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) protein expression in skeletal muscle in Pgc-1α knockout mice. Thus, PGC-1α plays a functional role in Endurance exercise-induced mitochondrial biogenesis and angiogenesis, but not IIb-to-IIa fiber-type transformation in mouse skeletal muscle, and the improvement of mitochondrial morphology and antioxidant defense in response to Endurance exercise may occur independently of PGC-1α function. We conclude that PGC-1α is required for complete skeletal muscle adaptations induced by Endurance exercise in mice.
