Enterococcus avium

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Chiehning Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • antimicrobial status of tilapia oreochromis niloticus fed Enterococcus avium originally isolated from goldfish intestine
    Aquaculture Reports, 2020
    Co-Authors: Chiehning Chen
    Abstract:

    Abstract In this study, we examined DNA sequences of bacteria isolated from goldfish intestine and identified the species in collaboration with the Food Industry Research & Development Institute of Taiwan. One bacterial species, Enterococcus avium, was selected for evaluation of its antimicrobial effects and probiotic function. The antimicrobial effects of feed containing E. avium were investigated in tilapia challenged with Streptococcus agalactiae. We found that E. avium inhibits a variety of pathogens, including gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, with the strongest inhibition observed for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Moreover, E. avium cells disrupted by sonication retained their antibacterial effects. By treating the sonicated cells at different temperatures or pH, we discovered that heating the cells above 75 °C resulted in the loss of their inhibitory effects. Moreover, E. avium pellets resuspended at pH 3.0 exhibited strong bacteriostatic activity, whereas E. avium pellets resuspended in solutions of pH > 10 had diminished antimicrobial activity. Tilapia fed once or twice a day with high concentrations (1 × 1010, 1 × 109, or 1 × 108 cfu/g) of sonicated or viable bacteria exhibited higher growth rates than both the control group and the experimental group fed 1 × 107 cfu/g. In addition, tilapia fed high concentrations of sonicated bacteria twice a day exhibited a higher survival rate than fish fed viable bacteria after a challenge with S. agalactiae.

Hongguo Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • enhanced sulfate and metal removal by reduced graphene oxide self assembled Enterococcus avium sulfate reducing bacteria particles
    Bioresource Technology, 2018
    Co-Authors: Weizhuo Ye, Zhuoyi Jian, Kengqiang Zhong, Siji Wang, Haoshen Hu, Zixuan Chen, Hongguo Zhang
    Abstract:

    Abstract Graphene oxide (GO) was introduced to Enterococcus avium strain BY7 sulfate-reducing bacteria culture as a carrier, GO was partially reduced by SRB to reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The rGO could further self-assemble Enterococcus avium strain BY7 sulfate-reducing bacteria to form BY-rGO particles. Growth and sulfate reduction activity of strain BY7 was promoted by rGO, which probably due to the protective effect of rGO, and enhanced electron transfer by rGO as electron shuttle. Effects of pH and temperature variance on strain BY-rGO were remarkably weakened, growth and sulfate reduction were observed from pH 2.0 to 12.0, and from 10 to 45 °C, respectively. Metal toxicity to BY7 strain SRB was sharply decreased in BY-rGO particles and heavy metal removal was remarkably accelerated (up to 50%). The immobilization methods established in this study might open a new way for the application of SRBs, especially under extreme environmental conditions.

Padma Krishnan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Enterococcus avium—a rare cause for limb loss in a type 2 diabetic patient
    International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries, 2015
    Co-Authors: R. Raja Shanmugakrishnan, Venkatesan Naveenkumar, Krishnan Mahalakshmi, Padma Krishnan
    Abstract:

    Enterococcus avium is a Gram-positive facultative anaerobe, found normally in the intestinal tract of human beings, pigs and chickens. E. avium has rarely been reported as a human pathogen. This bacterium has been reported previously along with other aerobes and obligate anaerobes .We report a case of diabetic foot infection with wet gangrene caused by E. avium that had led to morbidity in a 60-year-old woman due to her ignorance regarding health and self-care skills. Pus and exudates of the diabetic foot wound were processed for anaerobic cultivation, and the pure culture obtained was subjected to nested PCR using 16S rDNA universal eubacterial primers for rapid and precise identification. The clinical isolate obtained by anaerobic incubation was identified as E. avium . Aerobic culture detected scanty growth of Proteus mirabilis. This case report highlights the pathogenic potential of E. avium in anaerobiosis in the absence of obligate anaerobe accounting for serious health burden threatening patients’ quality of life.

  • Enterococcus avium a rare cause for limb loss in a type 2 diabetic patient
    International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries, 2015
    Co-Authors: R. Raja Shanmugakrishnan, Venkatesan Naveenkumar, Krishnan Mahalakshmi, Padma Krishnan
    Abstract:

    Enterococcus avium is a Gram-positive facultative anaerobe, found normally in the intestinal tract of human beings, pigs and chickens. E. avium has rarely been reported as a human pathogen. This bacterium has been reported previously along with other aerobes and obligate anaerobes .We report a case of diabetic foot infection with wet gangrene caused by E. avium that had led to morbidity in a 60-year-old woman due to her ignorance regarding health and self-care skills. Pus and exudates of the diabetic foot wound were processed for anaerobic cultivation, and the pure culture obtained was subjected to nested PCR using 16S rDNA universal eubacterial primers for rapid and precise identification. The clinical isolate obtained by anaerobic incubation was identified as E. avium. Aerobic culture detected scanty growth of Proteus mirabilis. This case report highlights the pathogenic potential of E. avium in anaerobiosis in the absence of obligate anaerobe accounting for serious health burden threatening patients’ quality of life.

Andrea Endimiani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • novel vana carrying plasmid in a clinical isolate of Enterococcus avium
    International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 2019
    Co-Authors: Odette Joelle Bernasconi, Luigi Principe, Valentina Viaggi, Francesco Luzzaro, Andrea Endimiani
    Abstract:

    Objectives. Vancomycin resistance among enterococci represents an important medical challenge. This phenotype is frequently associated to the expression of the vanA trait and is usually observed in Enterococcus faecalis/faecium. In contrast, the VanA phenotype has been very rarely reported in Enterococcus avium. VanA mobilization is enabled mainly by transposition of Tn1546 which displays structural variability. Here, we aimed to explore in detail the whole-genome of a vancomycin-resistant E. avium isolate (LC0559/18). Methods. LC0559/18 was recovered from a rectal swab of an ICU-patient hospitalized in Northern Italy. Vancomycin-resistant enterococci were searched with selective plates. Species identification and antimicrobial resistance profile were assessed by MALDI-TOF/MS and VITEK2, respectively. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was obtained merging data of both HiSeq (Illumina) and MinION (Oxford Nanopore) platforms. Results. LC0559/18 showed MICs >16 mg/L and 16 mg/L for vancomycin and teicoplanin, respectively. WGS analysis indicated the presence of two plasmids. pLC0559/18-1 (40’456bp) was of replicon type rep17 and harbored vanA, aph(3’)III, ant(6)-Ia antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). The vanA cassette was on a Tn1546-B2 variant reported to date only in E. faecium. This variant includes presence of element IS1216, as well as absence of transposase ORF1 and resolvase ORF2 of the native Tn1546. Moreover, Tn1546-B2 of LC0559/18 was carried by a novel plasmid backbone. pLC0559/18-2 (52’156bp) was repUS7 positive and did not harbor ARGs. Conclusions. We report a new plasmid backbone of rarely reported vancomycin-resistant E. avium and provide detailed characteristics of its vanA genetic environment. In turn, this highlights further mobilization of Tn1546 among this genus.

A Vatopoulos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • epidemiology of multiresistant Enterococcus avium isolates in a greek tertiary care hospital
    International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 2002
    Co-Authors: Joseph Papaparaskevas, P T Tassios, V Kalapothaki, Athina Avlami, Nicholas J Legakis, A Vatopoulos
    Abstract:

    Abstract A retrospective survey of the isolation rate of Enterococcus avium during the period March 1994–February 2000 conducted in Laikon General Hospital using the whonet software, revealed a peak in the isolation rates of this species during March 1995–February 1996. The ten strains isolated during this time were studied further. No glycopeptide resistance was detected but resistance to ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, gentamicin (high-level) and streptomycin (high-level) was present in nine, ten, nine, three and seven of the isolates, respectively. The genes aac(6′)-Ie+aph(2′′)-Ia and ant(6)-I , encoding for high-level gentamicin and streptomycin resistance, respectively, were detected only in the isolates with the corresponding phenotypes. Beta-lactamase production and haemolysis were not detected. There was evidence of ward-, floor- and building-specific distribution among the different aminoglycoside resistance phenotypes. DNA fingerprinting by PFGE grouped six of the ten isolates in a single cluster with 83% similarity, even though they expressed various resistance phenotypes. These results suggest dissemination of resistance genes among both genetically related and unrelated strains.