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Daniela M Pampanin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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modelling of Environmental fate and effects of oil leakages from abandoned subsea wells using an Environmental Impact Factor tool
Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, 2021Co-Authors: Hanh H T Pham, Hans Petter Lohne, Øystein Arild, Daniel Schlenk, Daniela M PampaninAbstract:Potential Environmental consequences of oil leakages (i.e. continuous uncontrolled releases at low flow rate over a long period of time) need to be taken into consideration in the ongoing development of plug and abandonment (PA however, Environmental risk monitoring strategies for permanent abandonment are not yet in place. Predicting and estimating the consequences of adverse Environmental Impacts through a modelling approach can play a key role in evaluating and monitoring Environmental risk. In this paper, we present a modelling study of the fate and effects of an oil leakage from abandoned wells using a theoretical scenario on the Norwegian continental shelf. Environmental Impact Factors (EIFs) derived from the Dose Related Risk and Effect Assessment Model (DREAM), previously designed to characterize the effects of produced water discharges, were used to assess Impacts of leakages from abandoned wells. Exposure assessments for the EIFs were modified to include specific hydrocarbon contributions derived from different sized oil droplets from the leakages. Since DREAM is not generally used for chronic low rate oil releases, an update of the database with chronic predicted no effect concentrations, as input data for effects modelling, was conducted. In general, EIFs became stable after simulations using 30 days. The area from the release site and up to a few hundred meters southwards had the most locations of high Impact. Chronic exposure and effects on organisms potentially occurred as a steady state effect over a long period. Risks, at which more than 95% of species will be negatively affected, appeared surrounding the release site, indicating a need for mitigation measures. These results show that the EIF tool can be used for risk management and P&A regulation by identifying potentially harmful leakages. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Modeling of Environmental Fate and Effects of Oil Leakages from Abandoned Subsea Wells Using an Environmental Impact Factor Tool.
Integrated environmental assessment and management, 2021Co-Authors: Hanh H T Pham, Hans Petter Lohne, Øystein Arild, Daniel Schlenk, Daniela M PampaninAbstract:Potential Environmental consequences of oil leakages (i.e., continuous uncontrolled releases at low flow rate over a long period of time) need to be taken into consideration in the ongoing development of plug and abandonment (PA however, Environmental risk monitoring strategies for permanent abandonment are not yet in place. Predicting and estimating the consequences of adverse Environmental Impacts through a modeling approach can play a key role in evaluating and monitoring Environmental risk. In this paper, we present a modeling study of the fate and effects of an oil leakage from abandoned wells using a theoretical scenario on the Norwegian continental shelf. Environmental Impact Factors (EIFs) derived from the Dose related Risk and Effect Assessment Model (DREAM), previously designed to characterize the effects of produced water discharges, were used to assess Impacts of leakages from abandoned wells. Exposure assessments for the EIFs were modified to include specific hydrocarbon contributions derived from different sized oil droplets from the leakages. Because DREAM is not generally used for chronic low-rate oil releases, an update of the database with chronic predicted no-effect concentrations, as input data for effects modeling, was conducted. In general, EIFs became stable after simulations of 30 d. The area from the release site and up to a few hundred meters southward had the most locations of high Impact. Chronic exposure and effects on organisms potentially occurred as a steady-state effect over a long period. Risks, at which more than 95% of species will be negatively affected, appeared surrounding the release site, indicating a need for mitigation measures. These results show that the EIF tool can be used for risk management and PA00:1-13. © 2021 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
Hanh H T Pham - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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modelling of Environmental fate and effects of oil leakages from abandoned subsea wells using an Environmental Impact Factor tool
Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, 2021Co-Authors: Hanh H T Pham, Hans Petter Lohne, Øystein Arild, Daniel Schlenk, Daniela M PampaninAbstract:Potential Environmental consequences of oil leakages (i.e. continuous uncontrolled releases at low flow rate over a long period of time) need to be taken into consideration in the ongoing development of plug and abandonment (PA however, Environmental risk monitoring strategies for permanent abandonment are not yet in place. Predicting and estimating the consequences of adverse Environmental Impacts through a modelling approach can play a key role in evaluating and monitoring Environmental risk. In this paper, we present a modelling study of the fate and effects of an oil leakage from abandoned wells using a theoretical scenario on the Norwegian continental shelf. Environmental Impact Factors (EIFs) derived from the Dose Related Risk and Effect Assessment Model (DREAM), previously designed to characterize the effects of produced water discharges, were used to assess Impacts of leakages from abandoned wells. Exposure assessments for the EIFs were modified to include specific hydrocarbon contributions derived from different sized oil droplets from the leakages. Since DREAM is not generally used for chronic low rate oil releases, an update of the database with chronic predicted no effect concentrations, as input data for effects modelling, was conducted. In general, EIFs became stable after simulations using 30 days. The area from the release site and up to a few hundred meters southwards had the most locations of high Impact. Chronic exposure and effects on organisms potentially occurred as a steady state effect over a long period. Risks, at which more than 95% of species will be negatively affected, appeared surrounding the release site, indicating a need for mitigation measures. These results show that the EIF tool can be used for risk management and P&A regulation by identifying potentially harmful leakages. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Modeling of Environmental Fate and Effects of Oil Leakages from Abandoned Subsea Wells Using an Environmental Impact Factor Tool.
Integrated environmental assessment and management, 2021Co-Authors: Hanh H T Pham, Hans Petter Lohne, Øystein Arild, Daniel Schlenk, Daniela M PampaninAbstract:Potential Environmental consequences of oil leakages (i.e., continuous uncontrolled releases at low flow rate over a long period of time) need to be taken into consideration in the ongoing development of plug and abandonment (PA however, Environmental risk monitoring strategies for permanent abandonment are not yet in place. Predicting and estimating the consequences of adverse Environmental Impacts through a modeling approach can play a key role in evaluating and monitoring Environmental risk. In this paper, we present a modeling study of the fate and effects of an oil leakage from abandoned wells using a theoretical scenario on the Norwegian continental shelf. Environmental Impact Factors (EIFs) derived from the Dose related Risk and Effect Assessment Model (DREAM), previously designed to characterize the effects of produced water discharges, were used to assess Impacts of leakages from abandoned wells. Exposure assessments for the EIFs were modified to include specific hydrocarbon contributions derived from different sized oil droplets from the leakages. Because DREAM is not generally used for chronic low-rate oil releases, an update of the database with chronic predicted no-effect concentrations, as input data for effects modeling, was conducted. In general, EIFs became stable after simulations of 30 d. The area from the release site and up to a few hundred meters southward had the most locations of high Impact. Chronic exposure and effects on organisms potentially occurred as a steady-state effect over a long period. Risks, at which more than 95% of species will be negatively affected, appeared surrounding the release site, indicating a need for mitigation measures. These results show that the EIF tool can be used for risk management and PA00:1-13. © 2021 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
Tone Karin Frost - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Application of Quantitative Risk Assessment in Produced Water Management – the Environmental Impact Factor (EIF)
Produced Water, 2011Co-Authors: Stale Johnsen, Tone Karin FrostAbstract:The Dose-related Risk and Effect Assessment Model (DREAM) was developed through a JIP in the period 1997–2000 and was implemented for produced water (PW) management in the Norwegian sector of the North Sea as a part of the ‘Zero discharge work’, 2000–2005. The initial version of DREAM included two approaches to PW management, the Environmental Impact Factor (EIF) and a body burden related risk assessment model focusing on selected PW compounds. The EIF, addressed in the present chapter, has found broad application in the North Sea and has also been used in other offshore production areas by different companies. The produced water EIF is based on the risk assessment principles described in the EU Technical Guidance Document (TGD), comparing the Predicted Environmental Concentration (PEC) and the Predicted No Effect Concentration (PNEC) of PW compounds. The quantitative risk element in the model is represented by the water volume where PEC exceeds PNEC, including the combined risk of all major PW constituents, both naturally occurring compounds and industry-added chemicals. The EIF is used as a management tool, primarily to identify and perform cost–benefit analyses of PW mitigation measures and best available technology (BAT). The method enables the operator to identify the compounds posing the most significant Environmental risk in PW, and further to rank different PW discharges with respect to Environmental significance and risk. This chapter describes the EIF method and focuses on examples of application of the tool on specific offshore production fields. A description of how the EIF fits into Statoil’s Environmental management system is also given, including the link between risk assessment, selection of BAT and field validation through Environmental monitoring.
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application of quantitative risk assessment in produced water management the Environmental Impact Factor eif
2011Co-Authors: Stale Johnsen, Tone Karin FrostAbstract:The Dose-related Risk and Effect Assessment Model (DREAM) was developed through a JIP in the period 1997–2000 and was implemented for produced water (PW) management in the Norwegian sector of the North Sea as a part of the ‘Zero discharge work’, 2000–2005. The initial version of DREAM included two approaches to PW management, the Environmental Impact Factor (EIF) and a body burden related risk assessment model focusing on selected PW compounds. The EIF, addressed in the present chapter, has found broad application in the North Sea and has also been used in other offshore production areas by different companies. The produced water EIF is based on the risk assessment principles described in the EU Technical Guidance Document (TGD), comparing the Predicted Environmental Concentration (PEC) and the Predicted No Effect Concentration (PNEC) of PW compounds. The quantitative risk element in the model is represented by the water volume where PEC exceeds PNEC, including the combined risk of all major PW constituents, both naturally occurring compounds and industry-added chemicals. The EIF is used as a management tool, primarily to identify and perform cost–benefit analyses of PW mitigation measures and best available technology (BAT). The method enables the operator to identify the compounds posing the most significant Environmental risk in PW, and further to rank different PW discharges with respect to Environmental significance and risk. This chapter describes the EIF method and focuses on examples of application of the tool on specific offshore production fields. A description of how the EIF fits into Statoil’s Environmental management system is also given, including the link between risk assessment, selection of BAT and field validation through Environmental monitoring.
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Framework For The Environmental Impact Factor For Drilling Discharges - A Proposed Tool For Risk Reduction, Management And Regulation Of Drilling Discharges
All Days, 2008Co-Authors: Mathijs G D Smit, Ivar Singsaas, Henrik Rye, Tone Karin Frost, Knut Bakke, Leticia Falcao Veiga, Melania Buffagni, Oddarne Follum, Stale Johnsen, Eimund GarpestadAbstract:Abstract Through a joint industry project, initiated by the oil industry, a risk based assessment model was developed, enabling quantification of Environmental risk from discharges from drilling operations. This tool, applicable for decision support, establishing cost-effective measures for reducing potential harmful drilling discharges to the marine environment, is a further development of the Environmental Impact Factor (EIF) approach used for the management of discharges of produced water on the Norwegian Continental Shelf. The developed EIF for drilling discharges (EIFDD) assesses potential Environmental Impacts from the discharge of cuttings and drilling fluids. Potential Impacts from particulates (e.g. barite) and chemicals in the water column and sediments are assessed. Additionally, potential physical stress from deposition of drilling mud and cuttings on the sea floor are evaluated. Principles for Environmental risk assessment as described by the European Commission´s Technical Guidance Document (TGD) and Species Sensitivity Distributions were incorporated. One of the main challenges was the application of risk assessment principles to non-toxic stressors, originally designed to evaluate toxic stress,. The EIFDD evaluates Environmental risks from oxygen depletion, change in grain size and burial in marine sediments. In order to derive Environmental threshold effect values for all stressors an extensive literature study was carried out. Besides that information resulting from decades of Environmental monitoring around offshore platforms on the Norwegian Continental Shelf was used for both determination of thresholds and validation purposes. The conceptual framework of this state-of-the-art Environmental risk management tool is presented, including the risk assessment principles, and methods to derive exposure and threshold effect values. The use of the EIFDD is illustrated with an example calculation. Introduction Offshore drilling operations often include the discharge of mud and cuttings to the marine environment. The Environmental effects associated to these discharges depend on the composition and type of mud that is used, e.g., Water Based Mud (WBM), Synthetic Based Mud (SBM) or Oil Based Mud (OBM) [1]. Discharges may take place from the drilling rig (e.g. when drilling the deeper sections of a well) or directly at the sea floor (e.g. when drilling top well sections). Ingredients in the drilling fluids include water soluble and insoluble chemicals (additives) and clay like substances (e.g. barite and bentonite). Different components present in the discharge will end up in different Environmental compartments. The courser particles in the discharges (cuttings and agglomerates of clay particles) will rapidly sink to the sea floor [1]. The fine, mud-like particles have low sinking velocities and even weak currents may be enough to keep these particles suspended and have them transported over long distances [2]. Chemicals with large octanol-water partition coefficients (Kow) tend to attach to particle matter in the discharge, while hydrophilic substances will dissolve in water column. Depending on the characteristics of the components, the duration of exposure and the sensitivity of the environment towards those components, Environmental risks might occur both in the water column and in the sediment. Plumes of suspended particles from offshore drilling activities can have an Impact on fish, shellfish, algae and other marine organisms [3]. The increased turbidity and related potential effects in the water column is normally considered temporary [4], while the stress to the sediment has a more chronic nature [5]. Various Impacts that might occur in the sediment as a result of drilling discharges have been identified [4]. These include oxygen depletion (anoxia) due to organic enrichment and toxicity and physical effects of deposited material, including burial effects and effects caused by changes in sediment structure.
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development of a risk based Environmental management tool for drilling discharges summary of a four year project
Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, 2008Co-Authors: Ivar Singsaas, Henrik Rye, Tone Karin Frost, Mathijs G D Smit, Eimund Garpestad, Ingvild Skare, Knut Bakke, Leticia Falcao Veiga, Melania Buffagni, Oddarne FollumAbstract:This paper briefly summarizes the ERMS project and presents the developed model by showing results from Environmental fates and risk calculations of a discharge from offshore drilling operations. The developed model calculates Environmental risks for the water column and sediments resulting from exposure to toxic stressors (e.g., chemicals) and nontoxic stressors (e.g., suspended particles, sediment burial). The approach is based on existing risk assessment techniques described in the European Union technical guidance document on risk assessment and species sensitivity distributions. The model calculates an Environmental Impact Factor, which characterizes the overall potential Impact on the marine environment in terms of potentially Impacted water volume and sediment area. The ERMS project started in 2003 and was finalized in 2007. In total, 28 scientific reports and 9 scientific papers have been delivered from the ERMS project (http://www.sintef.no/erms).
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The Environmental Impact Factor - a proposed tool for produced water Impact reduction, management and regulation
All Days, 2000Co-Authors: Stale Johnsen, Tone Karin Frost, Mona Hjelsvold, Toril I. Røe UtvikAbstract:Abstract The Norwegian government issued in 1998 White Paper No. 58 followed by the"Zero discharge report" requiring the oil industry operating in the Norwegian sector of the North Sea to develop a strategy for reaching "zero Environmental harmful discharges" of produced water (PW) within 2005. As a result Miljøsok proposed to develop a management tool based on Environmental risk and hazard assessment to identify the most potential Environmentally harmful discharges of PW, and to quantify the Environmental benefit of different actions to reduce these. The Norwegian OilIndustry Association (OLF) working group for PW was asked to develop the Environmental Impact Factor (EIF), and the tool has sofar been applied for PW management on a single platform level. The plan is to elevate this work to a regional scale in order to compare the potential benefit of measures to reduce PW discharges in the whole area, and to form a basis for a cost-effective total approach to PW management. The EIF is based on a combined Environmental risk and hazard assessment of PW discharges, accounting for both composition and amount of the discharge. The EIF is also linked to the Environmental Impact assessment (EIA) studies in the area and the Environmental monitoring programme for the water column, initiated in1999. Determination of the EIF for a single platform allows the operator to rank the available technologies for PW discharge reduction on a cost-benefit basis. The EIF identifies the source of potential Environmental damage and quantifies the benefit of any action taken to reduce this. Technologies like PW re-injection, treatment and removal or replacement of process chemicals can thus be ranked based on cost and Environmental benefit. Introduction Produced water management in the Norwegian waters is currently based on the"Zero Impact" mindset, meaning that the ultimate objective is to remove all potential Environmentally harmful discharges (1). In general, a number of technological approaches are being considered and developed to meet this challenge;*Re-injection*Treatment*Water shut off*Down-hole separation*Removal or replacement of process chemicals
Daniel Schlenk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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modelling of Environmental fate and effects of oil leakages from abandoned subsea wells using an Environmental Impact Factor tool
Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, 2021Co-Authors: Hanh H T Pham, Hans Petter Lohne, Øystein Arild, Daniel Schlenk, Daniela M PampaninAbstract:Potential Environmental consequences of oil leakages (i.e. continuous uncontrolled releases at low flow rate over a long period of time) need to be taken into consideration in the ongoing development of plug and abandonment (PA however, Environmental risk monitoring strategies for permanent abandonment are not yet in place. Predicting and estimating the consequences of adverse Environmental Impacts through a modelling approach can play a key role in evaluating and monitoring Environmental risk. In this paper, we present a modelling study of the fate and effects of an oil leakage from abandoned wells using a theoretical scenario on the Norwegian continental shelf. Environmental Impact Factors (EIFs) derived from the Dose Related Risk and Effect Assessment Model (DREAM), previously designed to characterize the effects of produced water discharges, were used to assess Impacts of leakages from abandoned wells. Exposure assessments for the EIFs were modified to include specific hydrocarbon contributions derived from different sized oil droplets from the leakages. Since DREAM is not generally used for chronic low rate oil releases, an update of the database with chronic predicted no effect concentrations, as input data for effects modelling, was conducted. In general, EIFs became stable after simulations using 30 days. The area from the release site and up to a few hundred meters southwards had the most locations of high Impact. Chronic exposure and effects on organisms potentially occurred as a steady state effect over a long period. Risks, at which more than 95% of species will be negatively affected, appeared surrounding the release site, indicating a need for mitigation measures. These results show that the EIF tool can be used for risk management and P&A regulation by identifying potentially harmful leakages. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Modeling of Environmental Fate and Effects of Oil Leakages from Abandoned Subsea Wells Using an Environmental Impact Factor Tool.
Integrated environmental assessment and management, 2021Co-Authors: Hanh H T Pham, Hans Petter Lohne, Øystein Arild, Daniel Schlenk, Daniela M PampaninAbstract:Potential Environmental consequences of oil leakages (i.e., continuous uncontrolled releases at low flow rate over a long period of time) need to be taken into consideration in the ongoing development of plug and abandonment (PA however, Environmental risk monitoring strategies for permanent abandonment are not yet in place. Predicting and estimating the consequences of adverse Environmental Impacts through a modeling approach can play a key role in evaluating and monitoring Environmental risk. In this paper, we present a modeling study of the fate and effects of an oil leakage from abandoned wells using a theoretical scenario on the Norwegian continental shelf. Environmental Impact Factors (EIFs) derived from the Dose related Risk and Effect Assessment Model (DREAM), previously designed to characterize the effects of produced water discharges, were used to assess Impacts of leakages from abandoned wells. Exposure assessments for the EIFs were modified to include specific hydrocarbon contributions derived from different sized oil droplets from the leakages. Because DREAM is not generally used for chronic low-rate oil releases, an update of the database with chronic predicted no-effect concentrations, as input data for effects modeling, was conducted. In general, EIFs became stable after simulations of 30 d. The area from the release site and up to a few hundred meters southward had the most locations of high Impact. Chronic exposure and effects on organisms potentially occurred as a steady-state effect over a long period. Risks, at which more than 95% of species will be negatively affected, appeared surrounding the release site, indicating a need for mitigation measures. These results show that the EIF tool can be used for risk management and PA00:1-13. © 2021 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
Øystein Arild - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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modelling of Environmental fate and effects of oil leakages from abandoned subsea wells using an Environmental Impact Factor tool
Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, 2021Co-Authors: Hanh H T Pham, Hans Petter Lohne, Øystein Arild, Daniel Schlenk, Daniela M PampaninAbstract:Potential Environmental consequences of oil leakages (i.e. continuous uncontrolled releases at low flow rate over a long period of time) need to be taken into consideration in the ongoing development of plug and abandonment (PA however, Environmental risk monitoring strategies for permanent abandonment are not yet in place. Predicting and estimating the consequences of adverse Environmental Impacts through a modelling approach can play a key role in evaluating and monitoring Environmental risk. In this paper, we present a modelling study of the fate and effects of an oil leakage from abandoned wells using a theoretical scenario on the Norwegian continental shelf. Environmental Impact Factors (EIFs) derived from the Dose Related Risk and Effect Assessment Model (DREAM), previously designed to characterize the effects of produced water discharges, were used to assess Impacts of leakages from abandoned wells. Exposure assessments for the EIFs were modified to include specific hydrocarbon contributions derived from different sized oil droplets from the leakages. Since DREAM is not generally used for chronic low rate oil releases, an update of the database with chronic predicted no effect concentrations, as input data for effects modelling, was conducted. In general, EIFs became stable after simulations using 30 days. The area from the release site and up to a few hundred meters southwards had the most locations of high Impact. Chronic exposure and effects on organisms potentially occurred as a steady state effect over a long period. Risks, at which more than 95% of species will be negatively affected, appeared surrounding the release site, indicating a need for mitigation measures. These results show that the EIF tool can be used for risk management and P&A regulation by identifying potentially harmful leakages. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Modeling of Environmental Fate and Effects of Oil Leakages from Abandoned Subsea Wells Using an Environmental Impact Factor Tool.
Integrated environmental assessment and management, 2021Co-Authors: Hanh H T Pham, Hans Petter Lohne, Øystein Arild, Daniel Schlenk, Daniela M PampaninAbstract:Potential Environmental consequences of oil leakages (i.e., continuous uncontrolled releases at low flow rate over a long period of time) need to be taken into consideration in the ongoing development of plug and abandonment (PA however, Environmental risk monitoring strategies for permanent abandonment are not yet in place. Predicting and estimating the consequences of adverse Environmental Impacts through a modeling approach can play a key role in evaluating and monitoring Environmental risk. In this paper, we present a modeling study of the fate and effects of an oil leakage from abandoned wells using a theoretical scenario on the Norwegian continental shelf. Environmental Impact Factors (EIFs) derived from the Dose related Risk and Effect Assessment Model (DREAM), previously designed to characterize the effects of produced water discharges, were used to assess Impacts of leakages from abandoned wells. Exposure assessments for the EIFs were modified to include specific hydrocarbon contributions derived from different sized oil droplets from the leakages. Because DREAM is not generally used for chronic low-rate oil releases, an update of the database with chronic predicted no-effect concentrations, as input data for effects modeling, was conducted. In general, EIFs became stable after simulations of 30 d. The area from the release site and up to a few hundred meters southward had the most locations of high Impact. Chronic exposure and effects on organisms potentially occurred as a steady-state effect over a long period. Risks, at which more than 95% of species will be negatively affected, appeared surrounding the release site, indicating a need for mitigation measures. These results show that the EIF tool can be used for risk management and PA00:1-13. © 2021 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).