The Experts below are selected from a list of 186 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Rong Han - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cadmium telluride quantum dots (CdTe-QDs) and enhanced ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation trigger antioxidant Enzyme Metabolism and programmed cell death in wheat seedlings
PLoS ONE, 2014Co-Authors: Huize Chen, Yan Gong, Rong HanAbstract:Nanoparticles (NPs) are becoming increasingly widespread in the environment. Free cadmium ions released from commonly used NPs under ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation are potentially toxic to living organisms. With increasing levels of UV-B radiation at the Earth's surface due to the depletion of the ozone layer, the potential additive effect of NPs and UV-B radiation on plants is of concern. In this study, we investigated the synergistic effect of CdTe quantum dots (CdTe-QDs), a common form of NP, and UV-B radiation on wheat seedlings. Graded doses of CdTe-QDs and UV-B radiation were tested, either alone or in combination, based on physical characteristics of 5-day-old seedlings. Treatments of wheat seedlings with either CdTe-QDs (200 mg/L) or UV-B radiation (10 KJ/m(2)/d) induced the activation of wheat antioxidant Enzymes. CdTe-QDs accumulation in plant root cells resulted in programmed cell death as detected by DNA laddering. CdTe-QDs and UV-B radiation inhibited root and shoot growth, respectively. Additive inhibitory effects were observed in the combined treatment group. This research described the effects of UV-B and CdTe-QDs on plant growth. Furthermore, the finding that CdTe-QDs accumulate during the life cycle of plants highlights the need for sustained assessments of these interactions.
Robert T Furbank - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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carbohydrate content and Enzyme Metabolism in developing canola siliques
Plant Physiology, 1997Co-Authors: Steven P King, John E Lunn, Robert T FurbankAbstract:Little biochemical information is available on carbohydrate Metabolism in developing canola (Brassica napus L.) silique (pod) wall and seed tissues. This research examines the carbohydrate contents and sucrose (Suc) metabolic Enzyme activities in different aged silique wall and seed tissues during oil filling. The silique wall partitioned photosynthate into Suc over starch and predominantly accumulated hexose. The silique wall hexose content and soluble acid invertase activity rapidly fell as embryos progressed from the early- to late-cotyledon developmental stages. A similar trend was not evident for alkaline invertase, Suc synthase (SuSy), and Suc-phosphate synthase. Silique wall SuSy activities were much higher than source leaves at all times and may serve to supply the substrate for secondary cell wall thickening. In young seeds starch was the predominant accumulated carbohydrate over the sampled developmental range. Seed hexose levels dropped as embryos developed from the early- to midcotyledon stage. Hexose and starch were localized to the testa or liquid endosperm, whereas Suc was evenly distributed among seed components. With the switch to oil accumulation, seed SuSy activity increased by 3.6-fold and soluble acid invertase activity decreased by 76%. These data provide valuable baseline knowledge for the genetic manipulation of canola seed carbon partitioning.
P Sundaramoorthy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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chromium stress induced alterations in biochemical and Enzyme Metabolism in aquatic and terrestrial plants
Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 2008Co-Authors: Sankar K Ganesh, L Baskaran, S Rajasekaran, K Sumathi, A Chidambaram, P SundaramoorthyAbstract:Water is seriously polluted by the discharge of various industrial wastewater containing heavy metals. Among them, chromium is considered to be toxic to living organisms and it is released mostly from tanneries. The chromium-contaminated water is discharged into nearby water bodies and it affects both aquatic and terrestrial plants. So the present experiment was conducted with an aquatic plant, water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes L.) and a terrestrial plant soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.). They were treated with different concentrations (0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/L) of potassium dichromate solution. The biochemical parameters such as total chlorophyll, carotenoid, protein and amino acid content and the enzymatic activities like catalase and peroxidase were estimated. The accumulation of chromium was also analysed in both the plants. All the biochemical contents and Enzyme activities of water lettuce and soybean seedlings showed a great variation with respect to the increase in chromium concentrations. The accumulation of chromium increased gradually with the increase of chromium concentrations. Total inhibition of all the parameters were observed at 300 mg/L chromium concentration. The terrestrial plant soybean was sensitive than the aquatic plant water lettuce towards chromium stress.
Huize Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cadmium telluride quantum dots (CdTe-QDs) and enhanced ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation trigger antioxidant Enzyme Metabolism and programmed cell death in wheat seedlings
PLoS ONE, 2014Co-Authors: Huize Chen, Yan Gong, Rong HanAbstract:Nanoparticles (NPs) are becoming increasingly widespread in the environment. Free cadmium ions released from commonly used NPs under ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation are potentially toxic to living organisms. With increasing levels of UV-B radiation at the Earth's surface due to the depletion of the ozone layer, the potential additive effect of NPs and UV-B radiation on plants is of concern. In this study, we investigated the synergistic effect of CdTe quantum dots (CdTe-QDs), a common form of NP, and UV-B radiation on wheat seedlings. Graded doses of CdTe-QDs and UV-B radiation were tested, either alone or in combination, based on physical characteristics of 5-day-old seedlings. Treatments of wheat seedlings with either CdTe-QDs (200 mg/L) or UV-B radiation (10 KJ/m(2)/d) induced the activation of wheat antioxidant Enzymes. CdTe-QDs accumulation in plant root cells resulted in programmed cell death as detected by DNA laddering. CdTe-QDs and UV-B radiation inhibited root and shoot growth, respectively. Additive inhibitory effects were observed in the combined treatment group. This research described the effects of UV-B and CdTe-QDs on plant growth. Furthermore, the finding that CdTe-QDs accumulate during the life cycle of plants highlights the need for sustained assessments of these interactions.
Kazuya Higashino - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Origin of D- and L-pipecolic acid in human physiological fluids : a study of the catabolic mechanism to pipecolic acid using the lysine loading test
Clinica Chimica Acta, 1999Co-Authors: Toru Fujita, Toshikazu Hada, Kazuya HigashinoAbstract:Abstract Pipecolic acid, a metabolite of lysine, is found in human physiological fluids. It is known that plasma pipecolic acid levels are elevated in patients with Zellweger syndrome, a genetic disorder, and chronic liver diseases. However, it is uncertain if this acid originates directly from food intake or from mammalian or intestinal bacterial Enzyme Metabolism. To characterize the relationship between plasma pipecolic acid and diet, we analyzed the contents of pipecolic acid in 17 edible plants and changes in plasma and urinary pipecolic acid levels following soybean juice ingestion by 4 healthy volunteers. Our study revealed that some of the plants contained high concentrations of total pipecolic acid, and a higher portion of l -isomer than d -isomer. Loading tests demonstrated that plasma levels and urinary excretion of d -isomer increased significantly 2 h after soybean juice ingestion. Plasma lysine levels showed a similar increase to that of d -isomer. These findings suggest that plasma pipecolic acid, particularly the d -isomer, originates mainly from the catabolism of dietary lysine by intestinal bacteria rather than by direct food intake and that d - and l -isomer may have different mechanisms of Metabolism. Moreover, these findings may be important for clarifying the pathogenesis of peroxisomal disorders.